SpringCloudGateWay自定义自己的GateWayFilterFactory的时候(exchange, chain)

本文深入解析SpringCloud GateWay中的WsSecurityGatewayFilterFactory类,详细阐述了如何利用Java 8的函数式接口特性实现GatewayFilter的apply方法。通过具体代码示例,解释了(exchange, chain) -> {}

摘要生成于 C知道 ,由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持, 前往体验 >

在看SpringCloudGateWay的时候,在实现父类的GatewayFilter apply(C config)方法的时候怎么看也没看明白:

package com.quantex.scg;

import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilter;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.factory.AbstractNameValueGatewayFilterFactory;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest;

import java.util.List;


public class WsSecurityGatewayFilterFactory extends AbstractNameValueGatewayFilterFactory {

    @Override
    public GatewayFilter apply(NameValueConfig config) {
        return (exchange, chain) -> {
            List<String> strings = exchange.getRequest().getHeaders().get(config.getName());
            if (strings!=null){
                ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest().mutate()
                        .header(config.getName(), strings.get(0))
                        .build();
//                System.out.println("-----------------------------------------");
//                System.out.println(strings.get(0));
                return chain.filter(exchange.mutate().request(request).build());
            }else{
                return chain.filter(exchange);
            }
        };
    }
}

怎么也没看明白这个函数式的写法(exchange, chain)->{} 不知道到底这exchange和chain是怎么来的,也没看到全局变量啊,我寻思着难道是继承的父类的全局变量?我就一层层找,也灭有找到,实在想不明白,我还以为是容器托管的有名字为exchange和chain的实例,想破脑袋,但是觉得不可能,后来我看了一下apply()这个函数的返回值,是一个GateWayFilter,我就点进去看了一下这个源码如下:

package org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter;

/*
 * Copyright 2002-2015 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.support.ShortcutConfigurable;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;

import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;

/**
 * Contract for interception-style, chained processing of Web requests that may
 * be used to implement cross-cutting, application-agnostic requirements such
 * as security, timeouts, and others. Specific to a Gateway
 *
 * Copied from WebFilter
 *
 * @author Rossen Stoyanchev
 * @since 5.0
 */
public interface GatewayFilter extends ShortcutConfigurable {

	String NAME_KEY = "name";
	String VALUE_KEY = "value";

	/**
	 * Process the Web request and (optionally) delegate to the next
	 * {@code WebFilter} through the given {@link GatewayFilterChain}.
	 * @param exchange the current server exchange
	 * @param chain provides a way to delegate to the next filter
	 * @return {@code Mono<Void>} to indicate when request processing is complete
	 */
	Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain);

}

结果我恍然大悟,这尼玛不是JAVA8的新操作?当接口只有一个没有实现的方法时,如果返回的是一个函数,其实就时返回了这个接口的是一个实现类的实例,对应的实现方法的逻辑就是那个函数,这里的GatewayFilter 的filter方法的实现其实就是:

(exchange, chain) -> {
            List<String> strings = exchange.getRequest().getHeaders().get(config.getName());
            if (strings!=null){
                ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest().mutate()
                        .header(config.getName(), strings.get(0))
                        .build();
//                System.out.println("-----------------------------------------");
//                System.out.println(strings.get(0));
                return chain.filter(exchange.mutate().request(request).build());
            }else{
                return chain.filter(exchange);
            }
        };

同时(exchange,chain)也刚好对上了接口里的filter的两个参数ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain

综上:这个其实就是JAVA8的函数式接口, 知道java8的特性,但是操作的少。才会出现这种知道但是看不懂的情况,其实函数式接口很简单,下面的链接3分钟就能看明白.

JAVA8特性之函数式接口-@FunctionalInterface注解https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_15022971/article/details/126176275?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501

### Spring Cloud Gateway 自定义过滤器实现 在 Spring Cloud Gateway 中,自定义过滤器可以通过继承 `GatewayFilter` 或者通过工厂模式创建来实现。以下是关于如何实现自定义过滤器的具体方法。 #### 创建全局过滤器 要创建一个全局过滤器,可以实现 `GlobalFilter` 接口并注册到 Spring 容器中。下面是一个简单的例子: ```java import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain; import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter; import org.springframework.core.Ordered; import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange; import reactor.core.publisher.Mono; @Component public class CustomGlobalFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered { @Override public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) { ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest(); System.out.println("Custom Filter: " + request.getMethod() + " " + request.getURI()); // 可在此处添加逻辑处理请求或响应 return chain.filter(exchange); } @Override public int getOrder() { return 0; // 设置优先级,数值越低优先级越高 } } ``` 此代码片段展示了如何创建一个打印日志的简单全局过滤器[^1]。 #### 使用 Factory 方法创建局部过滤器 如果需要针对特定路由应用过滤器,则应使用工厂类的方式。以下是如何创建和配置局部过滤器的一个实例: ```java import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.factory.AbstractGatewayFilterFactory; import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class AddRequestHeaderGatewayFilterFactory extends AbstractGatewayFilterFactory<AddRequestHeaderGatewayFilterFactory.Config> { public static class Config { private String name; private String value; public void setName(String name) { this.name = name;} public String getName() {return this.name;} public void setValue(String value){this.value=value;} public String getValue(){return this.value;} } public AddRequestHeaderGatewayFilterFactory(){ super(Config.class); } @Override public org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilter apply(Config config){ return (exchange,chain)->{ exchange.getRequest().mutate() .header(config.getName(),config.getValue()) .build(); return chain.filter(exchange); }; } } ``` 上述代码展示了一个用于向请求头添加字段的局部过滤器工厂[^2]。 #### 配置文件中的设置 为了使这些过滤器生效,在 application.yml 文件中需做如下配置: ```yaml spring: cloud: gateway: routes: - id: add_request_header_route uri: http://example.org filters: - AddRequestHeader=foo, bar ``` 以上 YAML 片段说明了如何将前面定义好的局部过滤器应用于指定 URI 的路由上[^3]。 ### 注意事项 - **线程安全性**:由于网关可能运行于高并发环境之下,因此编写过滤器时需要注意其线程安全特性。 - **性能影响**:复杂的业务逻辑可能会增加延迟时间,故建议仅执行必要的操作。
评论 3
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值