一、基础安装(推荐源码编译安装)
# 安装依赖
sudo yum install -y gcc make tcl
# 下载最新稳定版(以7.2.4为例)
wget https://download.redis.io/releases/redis-7.2.4.tar.gz
tar xzf redis-7.2.4.tar.gz
cd redis-7.2.4
# 编译安装(使用优化参数)
make CFLAGS="-march=native -O2" -j$(nproc)
sudo make install PREFIX=/usr/local/redis
# 创建专用用户
sudo useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin redis
sudo mkdir /var/lib/redis
sudo chown redis:redis /var/lib/redis
二、配置文件优化(/etc/redis.conf)
# 关键生产配置
bind 127.0.0.1 # 生产环境建议绑定内网IP
port 6379
daemonize yes
pidfile /var/run/redis_6379.pid
logfile "/var/log/redis/redis.log"
dir /var/lib/redis
maxmemory 2gb
maxmemory-policy volatile-lru
# 安全设置
requirepass YourStrongPassword123!
rename-command FLUSHDB ""
rename-command FLUSHALL ""
rename-command CONFIG ""
# 持久化策略
save 900 1
save 300 10
save 60 10000
appendonly yes
appendfsync everysec
三、服务管理配置
创建 systemd 服务文件 /etc/systemd/system/redis.service:
[Unit]
Description=Redis In-Memory Data Store
After=network.target
[Service]
User=redis
Group=redis
ExecStart=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /etc/redis.conf
ExecStop=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli shutdown
Restart=always
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
四、启动与验证
# 创建日志目录
sudo mkdir /var/log/redis
sudo chown redis:redis /var/log/redis
# 重载服务配置
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
# 启动服务
sudo systemctl start redis
# 设置开机启动
sudo systemctl enable redis
# 验证状态
sudo systemctl status redis
# 客户端连接测试
/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli -a YourStrongPassword123! ping
五、防火墙配置
# 仅允许内网访问(示例IP段)
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --new-zone=redis
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=redis --add-source=192.168.1.0/24
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=redis --add-port=6379/tcp
sudo firewall-cmd --reload
六、生产环境优化建议
1、内存管理:
内存管理:
# 配置内存淘汰策略
maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru
# 设置透明大页
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
2、监控配置:
# 安装redis-exporter
wget https://github.com/oliver006/redis_exporter/releases/download/v1.55.0/redis_exporter-v1.55.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xzf redis_exporter-*.tar.gz
sudo mv redis_exporter /usr/local/bin/
3、备份策略:
# 每日RDB备份
0 2 * * * /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli -a YourPassword save
七、故障排查命令
1、查看实时日志:
sudo tail -f /var/log/redis/redis.log
2、内存分析:
redis-cli -a YourPassword --memkeys
3、性能测试:
redis-benchmark -a YourPassword -c 50 -n 10000