STL
#include <set>
multiset<int>num; //定义
multiset<int>::iterator it; //迭代器
num.insert(b); //插入
num.erase(num.find(b)); //删除(查找)
num.erasr(pos); //pos位数据
num.erasr(beg,end); //区间删除
num.count(b); //计数
num.empty(); //判空
for(it=num.begin();it!=num.end();it++)
cout<<*it<<endl; //迭代器用法
lower_bound(val); //返回容器中第一个值【大于或等于】val的元素的iterator位置。
upper_bound(val); //返回容器中最后一个值【大于】val的元素的iterator位置。
#include <stack>
stack <int> num;
num.push(number);
num.top();
num.pop();
num.empty();
num.size();
#include <queue>
queue<int> num;
priority_queue<int> q1; //优先队列从大到小
priority_queue<int, vector<int>, greater<int>> q2;//优先队列从小到大
num.front(); //返回队列头部数据
num.back(); //返回队列尾部数据
num.push(data); //尾部入队数据
num.pop(); //头部数据出兑
num.empty(); //判空
num.size(); //队列大小
两种自定义方式:struct node
{
int a;
} num[100];
struct cmp
{
bool operator()(node x, node y)
{
return x.a>y.a;
}
};
bool operator>(node x, node y)
{
return x.a>y.a;
}
priority_queue<node, vector<node>, greater<node> > q;
priority_queue<node, vector<node>, cmp> m;
#include <deque>
#include <map>
begin() //返回指向map头部的迭代器
clear<span style="font-size:18px;"><strong>()</strong></span> //删除所有元素
count() //返回指定元素出现的次数
empty() //如果map为空则返回true
end() //返回指向map末尾的迭代器
equal_range() //返回特殊条目的迭代器对
erase() //删除一个元素
find() // 查找一个元素
get_allocator() //返回map的配置器
insert() //插入元素
key_comp() //返回比较元素key的函数
lower_bound() //返回键值>=给定元素的第一个位置
max_size() //返回可以容纳的最大元素个数
rbegin() //返回一个指向map尾部的逆向迭代器
rend() //返回一个指向map头部的逆向迭代器
size() //返回map中元素的个数
swap() //交换两个map
upper_bound() //返回键值>给定元素的第一个位置
value_comp() //返回比较元素value的函数
1. map最基本的构造函数;
map<string , int >mapstring; map<int ,string >mapint;
map<sring, char>mapstring; map< char ,string>mapchar;
map<char ,int>mapchar; map<int ,char >mapint;
2. map添加数据;
map<int ,string> maplive;
1.maplive.insert(pair<int,string>(102,"aclive"));
2.maplive.insert(map<int,string>::value_type(321,"hai"));
3, maplive[112]="April";//map中最简单最常用的插入添加!
3,map中元素的查找:
find()函数返回一个迭代器指向键值为key的元素,如果没找到就返回指向map尾部的迭代器。
map<int ,string >::iterator l_it;;
l_it=maplive.find(112);
if(l_it==maplive.end())
cout<<"we do not find 112"<<endl;
else cout<<"wo find 112"<<endl;
4,map中元素的删除:
如果删除112;
map<int ,string >::iterator l_it;;
l_it=maplive.find(112);
if(l_it==maplive.end())
cout<<"we do not find 112"<<endl;
else maplive.erase(l_it); //delete 112;
5,map中 swap的用法:
Map中的swap不是一个容器中的元素交换,而是两个容器交换;
For example:
#include <map>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main( )
{
map <int, int> m1, m2, m3;
map <int, int>::iterator m1_Iter;
m1.insert ( pair <int, int> ( 1, 10 ) );
m1.insert ( pair <int, int> ( 2, 20 ) );
m1.insert ( pair <int, int> ( 3, 30 ) );
m2.insert ( pair <int, int> ( 10, 100 ) );
m2.insert ( pair <int, int> ( 20, 200 ) );
m3.insert ( pair <int, int> ( 30, 300 ) );
cout << "The original map m1 is:";
for ( m1_Iter = m1.begin( ); m1_Iter != m1.end( ); m1_Iter++ )
cout << " " << m1_Iter->second;
cout << "." << endl;
// This is the member function version of swap
//m2 is said to be the argument map; m1 the target map
m1.swap( m2 );
cout << "After swapping with m2, map m1 is:";
for ( m1_Iter = m1.begin( ); m1_Iter != m1.end( ); m1_Iter++ )
cout << " " << m1_Iter -> second;
cout << "." << endl;
cout << "After swapping with m2, map m2 is:";
for ( m1_Iter = m2.begin( ); m1_Iter != m2.end( ); m1_Iter++ )
cout << " " << m1_Iter -> second;
cout << "." << endl;
// This is the specialized template version of swap
swap( m1, m3 );
cout << "After swapping with m3, map m1 is:";
for ( m1_Iter = m1.begin( ); m1_Iter != m1.end( ); m1_Iter++ )
cout << " " << m1_Iter -> second;
cout << "." << endl;
}
6.map的sort问题:
Map中的元素是自动按key升序排序,所以不能对map用sort函数:
For example:
#include <map>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main( )
{
map <int, int> m1;
map <int, int>::iterator m1_Iter;
m1.insert ( pair <int, int> ( 1, 20 ) );
m1.insert ( pair <int, int> ( 4, 40 ) );
m1.insert ( pair <int, int> ( 3, 60 ) );
m1.insert ( pair <int, int> ( 2, 50 ) );
m1.insert ( pair <int, int> ( 6, 40 ) );
m1.insert ( pair <int, int> ( 7, 30 ) );
cout << "The original map m1 is:"<<endl;
for ( m1_Iter = m1.begin( ); m1_Iter != m1.end( ); m1_Iter++ )
cout << m1_Iter->first<<" "<<m1_Iter->second<<endl;
}
The original map m1 is:
1 20
2 50
3 60
4 40
6 40
7 30
请按任意键继续. . .