springboot基于注解实现异步

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最新推荐文章于 2025-06-01 17:24:03 发布

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分类专栏： SpringBoot 文章标签： springboot 异步

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq331709114/article/details/79925129

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本文详细介绍了如何在Spring框架中使用TaskExecutor实现异步任务处理，包括配置类、业务类和异步任务类的实现，以及控制层的调用方式。通过具体示例展示了不同异步任务的执行流程和输出结果。

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spring 通过TaskExecutor实现异步

配置类

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.AsyncConfigurer;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;

import java.util.concurrent.Executor;

/**
 * Created by RZL on 2018/4/13.
 */
@Configuration
@EnableAsync//开启异步注解任务支持
public class TaskExecutorConfig implements AsyncConfigurer {

    /**
     * 配置类实现AsyncConfigurer接口并重写getAsyncExecutor方法，并返回一个ThreadPoolTaskExecutor
     * 这样就获取到了一个基于线程池TaskExecExceutor
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public Executor getAsyncExecutor(){
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor taskExecutor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        //核心线程数
        taskExecutor.setCorePoolSize(5);
        //最大线程数
        taskExecutor.setMaxPoolSize(10);
        //队列大小
        taskExecutor.setQueueCapacity(20);
        taskExecutor.initialize();
        return taskExecutor;
    }
}

业务类

import com.example.myproject.async.AsyncDemo1;
import com.example.myproject.async.AsyncDemo2;
import com.example.myproject.async.AsyncDemo3;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * Created by RZL on 2018/4/13.
 */
@Slf4j
@Service
public class AsyncService {

    @Autowired
    private AsyncDemo1 asyncDemo1;
    @Autowired
    private AsyncDemo2 asyncDemo2;
    @Autowired
    private AsyncDemo3 asyncDemo3;

    public void AsyncService(){

        asyncDemo1.demo1();
        asyncDemo2.demo2();
        asyncDemo3.demo3();

    }

}

异步任务类

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * Created by RZL on 2018/4/13.
 */
@Async//注解在类级别，则表明该类所有的方法都是异步，这里的方法自动被注入使用ThreadpoolTaskExecutor作为TaskExecutor
@Slf4j
@Component
public class AsyncDemo1 {

    public void demo1(){
        for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            log.info("demo1:{}",i);
        }
    }
}

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * Created by RZL on 2018/4/13.
 */
@Slf4j
@Component
public class AsyncDemo2 {

    public void demo2(){
        for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            log.info("demo2:{}",i);
        }
    }
}

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * Created by RZL on 2018/4/13.
 */
@Async
@Slf4j
@Component
public class AsyncDemo3 {

    public void demo3(){
        for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            log.info("demo3:{}",i);
        }
    }
}

控制层

@RequestMapping("async")
public void async(){
    asyncService.AsyncService();
}

输出结果

2018-04-13 10:34:40.142 INFO 6160 --- [nio-8888-exec-1] com.example.myproject.async.AsyncDemo2 : demo2:0
2018-04-13 10:34:40.144 INFO 6160 --- [lTaskExecutor-1] com.example.myproject.async.AsyncDemo1 : demo1:0
2018-04-13 10:34:41.142 INFO 6160 --- [nio-8888-exec-1] com.example.myproject.async.AsyncDemo2 : demo2:1
2018-04-13 10:34:41.144 INFO 6160 --- [lTaskExecutor-1] com.example.myproject.async.AsyncDemo1 : demo1:1
2018-04-13 10:34:42.142 INFO 6160 --- [nio-8888-exec-1] com.example.myproject.async.AsyncDemo2 : demo2:2
2018-04-13 10:34:42.144 INFO 6160 --- [lTaskExecutor-1] com.example.myproject.async.AsyncDemo1 : demo1:2
2018-04-13 10:34:43.142 INFO 6160 --- [nio-8888-exec-1] com.example.myproject.async.AsyncDemo2 : demo2:3
2018-04-13 10:34:43.144 INFO 6160 --- [lTaskExecutor-1] com.example.myproject.async.AsyncDemo1 : demo1:3
2018-04-13 10:34:44.142 INFO 6160 --- [nio-8888-exec-1] com.example.myproject.async.AsyncDemo2 : demo2:4
2018-04-13 10:34:44.144 INFO 6160 --- [lTaskExecutor-1] com.example.myproject.async.AsyncDemo1 : demo1:4
2018-04-13 10:34:45.148 INFO 6160 --- [lTaskExecutor-2] com.example.myproject.async.AsyncDemo3 : demo3:0
2018-04-13 10:34:46.148 INFO 6160 --- [lTaskExecutor-2] com.example.myproject.async.AsyncDemo3 : demo3:1
2018-04-13 10:34:47.148 INFO 6160 --- [lTaskExecutor-2] com.example.myproject.async.AsyncDemo3 : demo3:2
2018-04-13 10:34:48.148 INFO 6160 --- [lTaskExecutor-2] com.example.myproject.async.AsyncDemo3 : demo3:3

2018-04-13 10:34:49.148 INFO 6160 --- [lTaskExecutor-2] com.example.myproject.async.AsyncDemo3 : demo3:4

从打印结果来看 demo1与demo2同时进行输出结果，demo3是在前两者运行完毕后再输出的。

这是因为在demo1中加入了@Async注解，所以会与demo2同时进行，而demo2中没有加入@Async注解，所以demo3只有在deno2运行结束后才会运行