编译Linux Kernel(linux-4.19.178)并制作成rpm文件

目录

一、安装依赖项

二、下载、解压缩、制作.config文件

三、编译内核及打包

四、升级内核

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首次尝试编译Linux内核，记录过程，提供Linux Kernel(linux-4.19.178)下载https://download.youkuaiyun.com/download/qpeity/15637656。

一、安装依赖项

安装依赖项ncurses-devel、lfutils-libelf-devel、bc。

yum install ncurses-devel  elfutils-libelf-devel  bc

二、下载、解压缩、制作.config文件

去官网https://www.kernel.org/找合适的Linux Kernel版本，下载后解压缩。从 /boot 目录将现有版本的内核编译config配置文件拷过来到放到新的内核源码解压目录内并重命名为.config的隐藏文件。运行 make menuconfig，开启文本界面的编译选项菜单窗口，可以对内核加载的模块编译选项进行调整。具体选项根据实际需要调整。

wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kernel/v4.x/linux-4.19.178.tar.xz
tar xvJf linux-4.19.178.tar.xz
cd linux-4.19.178/
cp /boot/config-3.10.0-1127.el7.x86_64 ./.config
make menuconfig

三、编译内核及打包

echo $(nproc)
或者
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep 'model name'|wc -l     查看CPU硬件条件，最大限度利用硬件。然后make -j编译。

[root@toy SOURCES]# echo $(nproc)
2
[root@toy SOURCES]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep 'model name'|wc -l
2

make rpm-pkg  同时构建源和二进制RPM软件包
或者
make binrpm-pkg ##仅构建二进制RPM软件包

[root@toy linux-4.19.178]$ make binrpm-pkg
……
……
……
+ cp System.map /root/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/kernel-4.19.178-2.x86_64/boot/System.map-4.19.178
+ cp .config /root/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/kernel-4.19.178-2.x86_64/boot/config-4.19.178
+ bzip2 -9 --keep vmlinux
+ mv vmlinux.bz2 /root/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/kernel-4.19.178-2.x86_64/boot/vmlinux-4.19.178.bz2
+ /usr/lib/rpm/brp-compress
Processing files: kernel-4.19.178-2.x86_64
Provides: kernel = 4.19.178-2 kernel(x86-64) = 4.19.178-2 kernel-4.19.178
Requires(interp): /bin/sh /bin/sh /bin/sh
Requires(rpmlib): rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <= 3.0.4-1 rpmlib(FileDigests) <= 4.6.0-1 rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <= 4.0-1
Requires(post): /bin/sh
Requires(preun): /bin/sh
Requires(postun): /bin/sh
Processing files: kernel-headers-4.19.178-2.x86_64
Provides: kernel-headers = 4.19.178 kernel-headers = 4.19.178-2 kernel-headers(x86-64) = 4.19.178-2
Requires(rpmlib): rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <= 3.0.4-1 rpmlib(FileDigests) <= 4.6.0-1 rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <= 4.0-1
Obsoletes: kernel-headers
Wrote: /root/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/kernel-4.19.178-2.x86_64.rpm
Wrote: /root/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/kernel-headers-4.19.178-2.x86_64.rpm
Executing(%clean): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.qFpGsq
+ umask 022
+ cd .
+ rm -rf /root/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/kernel-4.19.178-2.x86_64
+ exit 0

四、升级内核

rpm -ivh安装新内核，这样的好处是旧内核得以保留，有退回的余地。然后，用grub2-set-default工具设置默认的启动内核，再用grub2-editenv list查看一下，确认无误了再reboot。启动后，默认的内核就是升级后的内核了。

[root@toy x86_64]# rpm -ivh kernel-4.19.178-2.x86_64.rpm

[root@toy ~]# grub2-editenv list
saved_entry=CentOS Linux (3.10.0-1127.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)

[root@toy ~]# cat /boot/grub2/grub.cfg | grep menuentry
if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then
  menuentry_id_option="--id"
  menuentry_id_option=""
export menuentry_id_option
menuentry 'CentOS Linux (4.19.178) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.10.0-1127.el7.x86_64-advanced-090a39b5-e2e5-4aff-8305-b92138c900de' {
menuentry 'CentOS Linux (3.10.0-1127.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.10.0-1127.el7.x86_64-advanced-090a39b5-e2e5-4aff-8305-b92138c900de' {
menuentry 'CentOS Linux (0-rescue-853cf882e9e4451c87d05c2a97af6f78) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-0-rescue-853cf882e9e4451c87d05c2a97af6f78-advanced-090a39b5-e2e5-4aff-8305-b92138c900de' {

[root@toy ~]# grub2-set-default 'CentOS Linux (4.19.178) 7 (Core)'
[root@toy ~]# grub2-editenv list
saved_entry=CentOS Linux (4.19.178) 7 (Core)

[root@toy ~]# reboot
Connection closing...Socket close.

[root@toy ~]# uname -msr
Linux 4.19.178 x86_64