java实现SSL双向认证

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-03 11:30:30 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-06-03 11:30:30 发布

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分类专栏： java 文章标签： ssl java import server string exception

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本文详细介绍了如何使用JSSE实现SSL安全通信，包括证书的生成、验证过程及Java代码实现，确保了客户端与服务器间的数据传输安全。

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原文链接：http://blog.163.com/khan7923@126/blog/static/7478696420109284182147/

实现技术：
JSSE（Java Security Socket Extension）
是Sun为了解决在Internet上的实现安全信息传输的解决方案。它实现了SSL和TSL（传输层安全）协议。在JSSE中包含了数据加密，服务器验证，消息完整性和客户端验证等技术。通过使用JSSE，可以在Client和Server之间通过TCP/IP协议安全地传输数据。

为了实现消息认证。
Server需要：
1）KeyStore: 其中保存服务端的私钥
2）Trust KeyStore:其中保存客户端的授权证书
Client需要：
1）KeyStore：其中保存客户端的私钥
2）Trust KeyStore：其中保存服务端的授权证书

使用Java自带的keytool命令，去生成这样信息文件：

1）生成服务端私钥，并且导入到服务端KeyStore文件中

2）根据私钥，导出服务端证书

3）将服务端证书，导入到客户端的Trust KeyStore中

采用同样的方法，生成客户端的私钥，客户端的证书，并且导入到服务端的Trust KeyStore中
1）keytool -genkey -alias clientkey -keystore kclient.keystore
2）keytool -export -alias clientkey -keystore kclient.keystore -file client.crt
3）keytool -import -alias clientkey -file client.crt -keystore tserver.keystore

Server

Java代码
package ssl;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.security.KeyStore;

import javax.net.ssl.KeyManagerFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLServerSocket;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;

/**
*
* @author Leo
*/
public class Server implements Runnable{

    private static final int    DEFAULT_PORT                    = 7777;

    private static final String SERVER_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD       = "123456";
    private static final String SERVER_TRUST_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD = "123456";

    private SSLServerSocket     serverSocket;

    /**
     * 启动程序
     *
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Server server = new Server();
        server.init();
        Thread thread = new Thread(server);
        thread.start();
    }

    public synchronized void start() {
        if (serverSocket == null) {
            System.out.println("ERROR");
            return;
        }
        while (true) {
            try {
                Socket s = serverSocket.accept();
                InputStream input = s.getInputStream();
                OutputStream output = s.getOutputStream();

                BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(input);
                BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(output);

                byte[] buffer = new byte[20];
                bis.read(buffer);
                System.out.println("------receive:--------"+new String(buffer).toString());

                bos.write("yes".getBytes());
                bos.flush();

                s.close();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                System.out.println(e);
            }
        }
    }
    public void init() {
        try {
            SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");

            KeyManagerFactory kmf = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");
            TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");

            KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
            KeyStore tks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");

            ks.load(new FileInputStream("src/ssl/kserver.keystore"), SERVER_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD.toCharArray());
            tks.load(new FileInputStream("src/ssl/tserver.keystore"), SERVER_TRUST_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD.toCharArray());

            kmf.init(ks, SERVER_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD.toCharArray());
            tmf.init(tks);

            ctx.init(kmf.getKeyManagers(), tmf.getTrustManagers(), null);

            serverSocket = (SSLServerSocket) ctx.getServerSocketFactory().createServerSocket(DEFAULT_PORT);
            serverSocket.setNeedClientAuth(true);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e);
        }
    }

    public void run() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        start();
    }
}

package ssl;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;

import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;

import java.io.FileInputStream;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.io.OutputStream;

import java.net.Socket;

import java.security.KeyStore;

import javax.net.ssl.KeyManagerFactory;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLServerSocket;

import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;

/**

* @author Leo

public class Server implements Runnable{

private static final int DEFAULT_PORT = 7777;

private static final String SERVER_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD = "123456";

private static final String SERVER_TRUST_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD = "123456";

private SSLServerSocket serverSocket;

/**

* 启动程序

* @param args

public static void main(String[] args) {

Server server = new Server();

server.init();

Thread thread = new Thread(server);

thread.start();

}

public synchronized void start() {

if (serverSocket == null) {

System.out.println("ERROR");

return;

}

while (true) {

try {

Socket s = serverSocket.accept();

InputStream input = s.getInputStream();

OutputStream output = s.getOutputStream();

BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(input);

BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(output);

byte[] buffer = new byte[20];

bis.read(buffer);

System.out.println("------receive:--------"+new String(buffer).toString());

bos.write("yes".getBytes());

bos.flush();

s.close();

} catch (Exception e) {

System.out.println(e);

}

public void init() {

try {

SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");

KeyManagerFactory kmf = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");

TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");

KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");

KeyStore tks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");

ks.load(new FileInputStream("src/ssl/kserver.keystore"), SERVER_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD.toCharArray());

tks.load(new FileInputStream("src/ssl/tserver.keystore"), SERVER_TRUST_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD.toCharArray());

kmf.init(ks, SERVER_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD.toCharArray());

tmf.init(tks);

ctx.init(kmf.getKeyManagers(), tmf.getTrustManagers(), null);

serverSocket = (SSLServerSocket) ctx.getServerSocketFactory().createServerSocket(DEFAULT_PORT);

serverSocket.setNeedClientAuth(true);

} catch (Exception e) {

System.out.println(e);

}

public void run() {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

start();

}

Client：

Java代码

package ssl;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.security.KeyStore;

import javax.net.ssl.KeyManagerFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;

/**
* SSL Client
*
* @author Leo
*/
public class Client {

    private static final String DEFAULT_HOST                    = "127.0.0.1";
    private static final int    DEFAULT_PORT                    = 7777;

    private static final String CLIENT_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD       = "123456";
    private static final String CLIENT_TRUST_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD = "123456";

    private SSLSocket           sslSocket;

    /**
     * 启动客户端程序
     *
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
       Client client = new Client();
        client.init();
        client.process();
    }


    public void process() {
        if (sslSocket == null) {
            System.out.println("ERROR");
            return;
        }
        try {
            InputStream input = sslSocket.getInputStream();
            OutputStream output = sslSocket.getOutputStream();

            BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(input);
            BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(output);

            bos.write("1234567890".getBytes());
            bos.flush();

            byte[] buffer = new byte[20];
            bis.read(buffer);
            System.out.println(new String(buffer));

            sslSocket.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println(e);
        }
    }

    public void init() {
        try {
            SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");

            KeyManagerFactory kmf = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");
            TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");

            KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
            KeyStore tks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");

            ks.load(new FileInputStream("src/ssl/kclient.keystore"), CLIENT_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD.toCharArray());
            tks.load(new FileInputStream("src/ssl/tclient.keystore"), CLIENT_TRUST_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD.toCharArray());

            kmf.init(ks, CLIENT_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD.toCharArray());
            tmf.init(tks);

            ctx.init(kmf.getKeyManagers(), tmf.getTrustManagers(), null);

            sslSocket = (SSLSocket) ctx.getSocketFactory().createSocket(DEFAULT_HOST, DEFAULT_PORT);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e);
        }
    }

}

package ssl;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;

import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;

import java.io.FileInputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.io.OutputStream;

import java.security.KeyStore;

import javax.net.ssl.KeyManagerFactory;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;

import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;

/**

* SSL Client

* @author Leo

public class Client {

private static final String DEFAULT_HOST = "127.0.0.1";

private static final int DEFAULT_PORT = 7777;

private static final String CLIENT_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD = "123456";

private static final String CLIENT_TRUST_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD = "123456";

private SSLSocket sslSocket;

/**

* 启动客户端程序

* @param args

public static void main(String[] args) {

Client client = new Client();

client.init();

client.process();

}

public void process() {

if (sslSocket == null) {

System.out.println("ERROR");

return;

}

try {

InputStream input = sslSocket.getInputStream();

OutputStream output = sslSocket.getOutputStream();

BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(input);

BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(output);

bos.write("1234567890".getBytes());

bos.flush();

byte[] buffer = new byte[20];

bis.read(buffer);

System.out.println(new String(buffer));

sslSocket.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

System.out.println(e);

}

public void init() {

try {

SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");

KeyManagerFactory kmf = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");

TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");

KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");

KeyStore tks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");

ks.load(new FileInputStream("src/ssl/kclient.keystore"), CLIENT_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD.toCharArray());

tks.load(new FileInputStream("src/ssl/tclient.keystore"), CLIENT_TRUST_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD.toCharArray());

kmf.init(ks, CLIENT_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD.toCharArray());

tmf.init(tks);

ctx.init(kmf.getKeyManagers(), tmf.getTrustManagers(), null);

sslSocket = (SSLSocket) ctx.getSocketFactory().createSocket(DEFAULT_HOST, DEFAULT_PORT);

} catch (Exception e) {

System.out.println(e);

}

启动Server

启动Client，发送信息。

Server接收如下：正确解密

返回Client信息，如下：

如此，就完成了服务端和客户端之间的基于身份认证的交互。
client采用kclient.keystore中的clientkey私钥进行数据加密，发送给server。
server采用tserver.keystore中的client.crt证书（包含了clientkey的公钥）对数据解密，如果解密成功，证明消息来自client，进行逻辑处理。
server采用kserver.keystore中的serverkey私钥进行数据加密，发送给client。
client采用tclient.keystore中的server.crt证书（包含了serverkey的公钥）对数据解密，如果解密成功，证明消息来自server，进行逻辑处理。
如果过程中，解密失败，那么证明消息来源错误。不进行逻辑处理。这样就完成了双向的身份