C++程序设计实验报告（五十九）---第九周任务3-优快云博客

本文介绍了一个分数类的实现，该类通过重载运算符来支持基本的数学操作，如加减乘除等，并提供了简化分数的方法。此外，还实现了输入输出流的重载，以便更方便地读取和显示分数。

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/* (程序头部注释开始)
* 程序的版权和版本声明部分
* Copyright (c) 2012, 烟台大学计算机学院学生
* All rights reserved.
* 文件名称：流运算符重载运算符（分数类）

* 作者：刘镇
* 完成日期： 2012 年 4 月 15 日
* 版本号： 1.055
* 对任务及求解方法的描述部分
* 输入描述：分数

* 问题描述：分数流运算符重载

* 程序输出： ......

* 程序头部的注释结束
*/

#include<iostream>   

using namespace std;  

class CFraction  
{  
private:  
	int nume;  // 分子   
	int deno;  // 分母   
	int gcd(int nu, int de);  
public:  
	//重载流运算符
	friend istream & operator >> (istream &, CFraction &);
	friend ostream & operator << (ostream &, CFraction &);
	//构造函数及运算符重载的函数声明   
	CFraction(int nu = 0, int de = 1):nume(nu), deno(de){};         //构造函数，初始化用    
	friend CFraction operator + (CFraction c1,CFraction c2);  
	friend CFraction operator - (CFraction c1,CFraction c2);  
	friend CFraction operator * (CFraction c1,CFraction c2);  
	friend CFraction operator / (CFraction c1,CFraction c2);  
	friend CFraction operator - (CFraction c);  
	friend CFraction operator + (CFraction c, int s);  
	friend CFraction operator - (CFraction c, int s);  
	friend CFraction operator * (CFraction c, int s);  
	friend CFraction operator / (CFraction c, int s);  
	friend CFraction operator + (int s, CFraction c);  
	friend CFraction operator - (int s, CFraction c);  
	friend CFraction operator * (int s, CFraction c);  
	friend CFraction operator / (int s, CFraction c);  
	bool operator > (CFraction &t);  
	bool operator < (CFraction &t);  
	bool operator >= (CFraction &t);  
	bool operator <= (CFraction &t);  
	bool operator == (CFraction &t);  
	bool operator != (CFraction &t);  
	void Simplify();                    //化简（使分子分母没有公因子）   
	void display();  
};  

//重载流插入运算符
istream & operator >> (istream & in, CFraction & c)
{
	char c1;

	cout << "请输入分数值：(形式:nume / deno)" << endl;

	while(1)
	{
		in >> c.nume >> c1 >> c.deno;

		if(c1 != '/')
		{
			cout << "格式不正确！请重新输入：" << endl;
		}
		else if(c.deno == 0)
		{
			cout << "分母非法！重新输入：" << endl;
		}
		else
		{
			break;
		}
	}

	return in;
}
//重载流提取运算符
ostream & operator << (ostream & out, CFraction & c)
{
	out << c.nume << "/" << c.deno << endl;

	return out;
}

//重载函数的实现及用于测试的main()函数   
void CFraction::Simplify()   
{    
	int n ;  

	if(nume < 0)  
	{  
		n = gcd(-nume, deno);  
	}  
	else  
	{  
		n = gcd(nume, deno);  
	}  

	nume = nume / n;    

	deno = deno / n;   

}    

int CFraction::gcd(int nu, int de)      
{      
	int t, r, a, b;     

	a = nu;    

	b = de;    

	if (a < b)         
	{      
		t = a;      
		a = b;                                       
		b = t;      
	}       

	while (b != 0)      
	{      
		r = a % b;      
		a = b;      
		b = r;      
	}      

	return a;      
}    

void CFraction::display()  
{  
	cout << nume << "/" << deno << endl;  
}  

CFraction operator + (CFraction c1,CFraction c2)  
{  
	CFraction c;  

	c.nume = c1.nume * c2.deno + c2.nume * c1.deno;  

	c.deno = c1.deno * c2.deno;  

	return c;  
}  

CFraction operator - (CFraction c1,CFraction c2)  
{  
	CFraction c;  

	c.nume = c1.nume * c2.deno - c2.nume * c1.deno;  

	c.deno = c1.deno * c2.deno;  

	return c;  
}  

CFraction operator * (CFraction c1,CFraction c2)  
{  
	CFraction c;  

	c.nume = c1.nume * c2.nume;  

	c.deno = c1.deno * c2.deno;  

	return c;  
}  

CFraction operator / (CFraction c1,CFraction c2)  
{  
	CFraction c;  

	c.nume = c1.nume * c2.deno;  

	c.deno = c1.deno * c2.nume;  

	return c;  
}  

CFraction operator - (CFraction c)  
{  
	c.nume = 0 - c.nume;  
	return c;  
}  

bool CFraction::operator > (CFraction &t)  
{  
	if(nume * t.deno > t.nume * deno)  
	{  
		return true;  
	}  
	else  
	{  
		return false;  
	}  
}  

bool CFraction::operator < (CFraction &t)  
{  
	if(nume * t.deno < t.nume * deno)  
	{  
		return true;  
	}  
	else  
	{  
		return false;  
	}  
}  
bool CFraction::operator >= (CFraction &t)  
{  
	if(nume * t.deno >= t.nume * deno)  
	{  
		return true;  
	}  
	else  
	{  
		return false;  
	}  
}  
bool CFraction::operator <= (CFraction &t)  
{  
	if(nume * t.deno <= t.nume * deno)  
	{  
		return true;  
	}  
	else  
	{  
		return false;  
	}  
}  
bool CFraction::operator == (CFraction &t)  
{  
	if(nume * t.deno == t.nume * deno)  
	{  
		return true;  
	}  
	else  
	{  
		return false;  
	}  
}  
bool CFraction::operator != (CFraction &t)  
{  
	if(nume * t.deno != t.nume * deno)  
	{  
		return true;  
	}  
	else  
	{  
		return false;  
	}  

}  

CFraction operator + (CFraction c, int s)  
{  
	CFraction c2 = c;  

	c2.nume = c.nume + s * c.deno;  

	return c2;  
}  

CFraction operator - (CFraction c, int s)  
{  
	CFraction c2 = c;  

	c2.nume = c.nume - s * c.deno;  

	return c2;  
}  

CFraction operator * (CFraction c, int s)  
{  
	CFraction c2 = c;  

	c2.nume = c.nume * s;  

	return c2;  
}  

CFraction operator / (CFraction c, int s)  
{  
	CFraction c2 = c;  

	c2.deno = c.deno * s;  

	return c2;  
}  

CFraction operator + (int s, CFraction c)  
{  
	CFraction c2 = c;  

	c2.nume = c.nume + s * c.deno;  

	return c2;  
}  

CFraction operator - (int s, CFraction c)  
{  
	CFraction c2 = c;  

	c2.nume = s * c.deno - c.nume;  

	return c2;  
}  

CFraction operator * (int s, CFraction c)  
{  

	CFraction c2 = c;  

	c2.nume = s * c.nume;  

	return c2;  
}  

CFraction operator / (int s, CFraction c)  
{  

	CFraction c2 = c;  

	c2.nume = s * c.deno;  

	c2.deno = c.nume;  

	return c2;  
}  

void main()  
{  
	CFraction c1(3, 5), c2(2, 3), c;   

	cin >> c1 >> c2;

	c1.Simplify(); 
	c2.Simplify(); 

	cout << "c1 =" << c1;

	cout << "c2 =" << c2;

	c = c1 + c2;  
	c.Simplify();  

	cout << "c1 + c2 =" << c;

	c = c1 - c2;  
	c.Simplify();  

	cout << "c1 - c2 =" << c;

	c = c1 * c2;  
	c.Simplify();  

	cout << "c1 * c2 =" << c;

	c = c1 / c2; 
	c.Simplify();  

	cout << "c1 / c2 =" << c;

	c = c1 + 2; 
	c.Simplify(); 

	cout << "c1 + 2 =" << c;  

	c = 2 - c2;  
	c.Simplify();  

	cout << "2 - c2 =" << c;  

	c = c1 * 2;   
	c.Simplify();  

	cout << "c1 * 2 =" << c; 

	c = 2 / c2;  
	c.Simplify();  

	cout << "2 / c2 =" << c;

	c = - c1;  

	cout << "-c1 =" << c;  

	if(c1 > c2)  
	{  
		cout << "c1 > c2" << endl;  
	}  

	if(c1 < c2)  
	{  
		cout << "c1 < c2" << endl;  
	}  

	if(c1 >= c2)  
	{  
		cout << "c1 ≥ c2" << endl;  
	}  

	if(c1 <= c2)  
	{  
		cout << "c1 ≤ c2" << endl;  
	}  

	if(c1 == c2)  
	{  
		cout << "c1 = c2" << endl;  
	}  

	if(c1 != c2)  
	{  
		cout << "c1 ≠ c2" << endl;  
	}  

	system("pause");  
}

运行结果：