android ListView详解

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-26 15:48:25 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-06-26 15:48:25 发布

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分类专栏： Android&HTML5 文章标签：移动开发 java 数据库

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/pyzheng/article/details/84129021

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本文深入解析了动态刷新ListView数据的方法及三种列表适配器类型的使用场景和区别，包括ArrayAdapter、SimpleAdapter和SimpleCursorAdapter。详细介绍了它们的功能特性，通过实例展示了如何实现数据与界面的高效映射。

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动态刷新ListView数据:[url]http://panyongzheng.iteye.com/admin/blogs/1453777[/url]

带有文字说明的[url]http://chengbs.iteye.com/blog/910812[/url]
列表的适配器类型，列表分为三种，ArrayAdapter，SimpleAdapter和SimpleCursorAdapter
1.ArrayAdapter最为简单，只能展示一行字。

2.SimpleCursorAdapter 构造函数前面3个参数和ArrayAdapter是一样的，最后两个参数：一个包含数据库的列的String型数组，一个包含布局文件中对应组件id的int型数组。其作用是自动的将String型数组所表示的每一列数据映射到布局文件对应id的组件上。上面的代码，将NAME列的数据一次映射到布局文件的id为text1的组件上。

3.simpleAdapter的扩展性最好，可以定义各种各样的布局出来，可以放上ImageView（图片），还可以放上Button（按钮），CheckBox（复选框）等等。使用simpleAdapter的数据用一般都是HashMap构成的List，list的每一节对应ListView的每一行。HashMap的每个键值数据映射到布局文件中对应id的组件上。因为系统没有对应的布局文件可用，我们可以自己定义一个布局vlist.xml。下面做适配，new一个SimpleAdapter参数一次是：this，布局文件（vlist.xml），HashMap的 title 和 info，img。布局文件的组件id，title，info，img。布局文件的各组件分别映射到HashMap的各元素上，完成适配。

AndroidManifest.xml
--------------------------------

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="org.lee.android"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0">
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".Main"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>


        <activity android:name=".MyListView"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.mylistview" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <activity android:name=".MyListView2"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.mylistview2" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <activity android:name=".MyListView3"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.mylistview3" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>


         <activity android:name=".MyListView4"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.mylistview4" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

    </application>


<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"></uses-permission>
</manifest>

main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
<TextView  
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:text="@string/hello"
    />




   <Button 
    android:id="@+id/mylistview_btn"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="@string/s_mylistview_btn"
    />



    <Button 
    android:id="@+id/simpleCursorAdapter_btn"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="@string/s_simpleCursorAdapter_btn"
    />

    <Button 
    android:id="@+id/simpleAdapter_btn"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="@string/s_simpleAdapter_btn"
    />

    <Button 
    android:id="@+id/myAdapter_btn"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="@string/s_myAdapter_btn"
    />



</LinearLayout>

vlist.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
	android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
	android:layout_height="fill_parent">


	<ImageView android:id="@+id/img" 
		android:layout_width="wrap_content"
		android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
		android:layout_margin="5px"/>

	<LinearLayout android:orientation="vertical"
		android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
		android:layout_height="wrap_content">

		<TextView android:id="@+id/title" 
			android:layout_width="wrap_content"
			android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
			android:textColor="#FFFFFFFF"
			android:textSize="22px" />
		<TextView android:id="@+id/info" 
			android:layout_width="wrap_content"
			android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
			android:textColor="#FFFFFFFF"
			android:textSize="13px" />

	</LinearLayout>


</LinearLayout>

vlist2.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
	android:orientation="horizontal" 
	android:layout_width="fill_parent"
	android:layout_height="fill_parent">


	<ImageView android:id="@+id/img" 
		android:layout_width="wrap_content"
		android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
		android:layout_margin="5px"/>

	<LinearLayout android:orientation="vertical"
		android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
		android:layout_height="wrap_content">

		<TextView android:id="@+id/title" 
			android:layout_width="wrap_content"
			android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
			android:textColor="#FFFFFFFF"
			android:textSize="22px" />
		<TextView android:id="@+id/info" 
			android:layout_width="wrap_content"
			android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
			android:textColor="#FFFFFFFF"
			android:textSize="13px" />

	</LinearLayout>


	<Button android:id="@+id/view_btn"
		android:layout_width="wrap_content"
		android:layout_height="wrap_content"
		android:text="@string/s_view_btn"
		android:layout_gravity="bottom|right" />
</LinearLayout>

Main.java

/**
 * @author allin.dev
 * http://allin.cnblogs.com/
 */
package org.lee.android;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class Main extends Activity {

	private Button myListViewBtn;
	private Button mysimpleCursorAdapterBtn;
	private Button simpleAdapterBtn;
	private Button myAdapter;

	/** Called when the activity is first created. */
	@Override
	public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.main);

		findViews();
		setLIsteners();
	}

	private void findViews() {
		myListViewBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.mylistview_btn);
		mysimpleCursorAdapterBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.simpleCursorAdapter_btn);
		simpleAdapterBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.simpleAdapter_btn);
		myAdapter = (Button) findViewById(R.id.myAdapter_btn);
	}

	private void setLIsteners() {

		myListViewBtn.setOnClickListener(myListViewBtnListener);
		mysimpleCursorAdapterBtn.setOnClickListener(simpleCursorAdapterBtnListener);
		simpleAdapterBtn.setOnClickListener(simpleAdapterBtnListener);
		myAdapter.setOnClickListener(myAdapterBtnListener);
	}

	private View.OnClickListener myAdapterBtnListener = new View.OnClickListener() {

		@Override
		public void onClick(View v) {
			Log.v("MyListView4", "myAdapter");
			Intent intent = new Intent(Main.this, MyListView4.class);
			startActivity(intent);
		}
	};

	private View.OnClickListener simpleAdapterBtnListener = new View.OnClickListener() {

		@Override
		public void onClick(View v) {
			Log.v("MyListView3", "simpleAdapter");
			Intent intent = new Intent(Main.this, MyListView3.class);
			startActivity(intent);
		}
	};
	private View.OnClickListener simpleCursorAdapterBtnListener = new View.OnClickListener() {

		@Override
		public void onClick(View v) {
			Log.v("MyListView2", "simpleCursorAdapter");
			Intent intent = new Intent(Main.this, MyListView2.class);
			startActivity(intent);
		}
	};

	private View.OnClickListener myListViewBtnListener = new View.OnClickListener() {

		@Override
		public void onClick(View v) {
			Log.v("MyListView", "myListViewBtnListener");

			// Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.mylistview");
			Intent intent = new Intent(Main.this, MyListView.class);

			startActivity(intent);

		}

	};
}

MyListView.java

/**
 * 
 */
package org.lee.android;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;

/**
 * @author allin
 *
 */
public class MyListView extends Activity {

	private ListView listView;
	//private List<String> data = new ArrayList<String>();
	@Override
	public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

		listView = new ListView(this);
		listView.setAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_expandable_list_item_1,getData()));
		setContentView(listView);
	}



	private List<String> getData(){

		List<String> data = new ArrayList<String>();
		data.add("测试数据1");
		data.add("测试数据2");
		data.add("测试数据3");
		data.add("测试数据4");

		return data;
	}
}

MyListView2.java

/**
 * 
 */
package org.lee.android;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.provider.Contacts.People;
import android.widget.ListAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.SimpleCursorAdapter;

/**
 * @author allin
 *
 */
public class MyListView2 extends Activity {

	private ListView listView;
	//private List<String> data = new ArrayList<String>();
	@Override
	public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

		listView = new ListView(this);

		Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(People.CONTENT_URI, null, null, null, null);
		startManagingCursor(cursor);

		ListAdapter listAdapter = new SimpleCursorAdapter(this, android.R.layout.simple_expandable_list_item_1, 
				cursor,
				new String[]{People.NAME}, 
				new int[]{android.R.id.text1});

		listView.setAdapter(listAdapter);
		setContentView(listView);
	}


}

MyListView3.java

/**
 * 
 */
package org.lee.android;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import android.app.ListActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;

/**
 * @author allin
 * 
 */
public class MyListView3 extends ListActivity {


	// private List<String> data = new ArrayList<String>();
	@Override
	public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

		SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(this,getData(),R.layout.vlist,
				new String[]{"title","info","img"},
				new int[]{R.id.title,R.id.info,R.id.img});
		setListAdapter(adapter);
	}

	private List<Map<String, Object>> getData() {
		List<Map<String, Object>> list = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();

		Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
		map.put("title", "G1");
		map.put("info", "google 1");
		map.put("img", R.drawable.i1);
		list.add(map);

		map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
		map.put("title", "G2");
		map.put("info", "google 2");
		map.put("img", R.drawable.i2);
		list.add(map);

		map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
		map.put("title", "G3");
		map.put("info", "google 3");
		map.put("img", R.drawable.i3);
		list.add(map);

		return list;
	}
}

MyListView4.java

/**
 * 
 */
package org.lee.android;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.ListActivity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;

/**
 * @author allin
 * 
 */
public class MyListView4 extends ListActivity {


	private List<Map<String, Object>> mData;

	@Override
	public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		mData = getData();
		MyAdapter adapter = new MyAdapter(this);
		setListAdapter(adapter);
	}

	private List<Map<String, Object>> getData() {
		List<Map<String, Object>> list = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();

		Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
		map.put("title", "G1");
		map.put("info", "google 1");
		map.put("img", R.drawable.i1);
		list.add(map);

		map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
		map.put("title", "G2");
		map.put("info", "google 2");
		map.put("img", R.drawable.i2);
		list.add(map);

		map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
		map.put("title", "G3");
		map.put("info", "google 3");
		map.put("img", R.drawable.i3);
		list.add(map);

		return list;
	}

	// ListView 中某项被选中后的逻辑
	@Override
	protected void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) {

		Log.v("MyListView4-click", (String)mData.get(position).get("title"));
	}

	/**
	 * listview中点击按键弹出对话框
	 */
	public void showInfo(){
		new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
		.setTitle("我的listview")
		.setMessage("介绍...")
		.setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
			}
		})
		.show();

	}



	public final class ViewHolder{
		public ImageView img;
		public TextView title;
		public TextView info;
		public Button viewBtn;
	}


	public class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter{

		private LayoutInflater mInflater;


		public MyAdapter(Context context){
			this.mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
		}
		@Override
		public int getCount() {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			return mData.size();
		}

		@Override
		public Object getItem(int arg0) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			return null;
		}

		@Override
		public long getItemId(int arg0) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			return 0;
		}

		@Override
		public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

			ViewHolder holder = null;
			if (convertView == null) {

				holder=new ViewHolder();  

				convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.vlist2, null);
				holder.img = (ImageView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.img);
				holder.title = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.title);
				holder.info = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.info);
				holder.viewBtn = (Button)convertView.findViewById(R.id.view_btn);
				convertView.setTag(holder);

			}else {

				holder = (ViewHolder)convertView.getTag();
			}


			holder.img.setBackgroundResource((Integer)mData.get(position).get("img"));
			holder.title.setText((String)mData.get(position).get("title"));
			holder.info.setText((String)mData.get(position).get("info"));

			holder.viewBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

				@Override
				public void onClick(View v) {
					showInfo();					
				}
			});


			return convertView;
		}

	}




}