本文深入解析Overlay网络的概念，通过分布式系统如P2P网络和客户端-服务器应用来阐述其作用。重点介绍了互联网作为Overlay网络的基础，以及电话网络如何在今日转变为基于互联网的Overlay网络。此外，文章还概述了OSI模型各层的功能，并讨论了TCP/IP协议族在应用层的应用，如文件传输、电子邮件等。
What is overlay network?
An overlay network is a computer network that is built on top of another network. Nodes in the overlay network can be thought of as being connected by virtual or logical links, each of which corresponds to a path, perhaps through many physical links, in the underlying network. For example, distributed systems such as peer-to-peer networks and client-server applications are overlay networks because their nodes run on top of the Internet. The Internet was originally built as an overlay upon the telephone network, while today (through the advent of VoIP), the telephone network is increasingly turning into an overlay network built on top of the Internet.
For further information, please refer to Overlay network from WIKI website.
| OSI中的层 | 功能 | TCP/IP协议族 |
|---|---|---|
| 应用层 | 文件传输， | 电子邮件，文件服务，虚拟终端 TFTP，HTTP，SNMP，FTP，SMTP，DNS，Telnet 等等 |
| 表示层 | 数据格式化，代码转换，数据加密 | 没有协议 |
| 会话层 | 解除或建立与别的接点的联系 | 没有协议 |
| 传输层 | 提供端对端的接口 | TCP，UDP |
| 网络层 | 为数据包选择路由 | IP，ICMP，OSPF，EIGRP，IGMP |
| 数据链路层 | 传输有地址的帧以及错误检测功能 | SLIP，CSLIP，PPP，MTU |
| 物理层 | 以二进制数据形式在物理媒体上传输数据 | ISO2110，IEEE802，IEEE802.2 |
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