httpclient

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-02 11:32:06 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-05-02 11:32:06 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/programmer188/article/details/99209026

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1.HttpClient介绍

HTTP 协议可能是现在 Internet 上使用得最多、最重要的协议了，越来越多的 Java 应用程序需要直接通过 HTTP 协议来访问网络资源。虽然在 JDK 的 java net包中已经提供了访问 HTTP 协议的基本功能，但是对于大部分应用程序来说，JDK 库本身提供的功能还不够丰富和灵活。HttpClient 是 Apache Jakarta Common 下的子项目，用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包，并且它支持 HTTP 协议最新的版本和建议。HttpClient 已经应用在很多的项目中，比如 Apache Jakarta 上很著名的另外两个开源项目 Cactus 和 HTMLUnit 都使用了 HttpClient。现在HttpClient最新版本为 HttpClient 4.5

总结:HttpClient就是基于java实现http请求的工具包,可以通过httpClient请求对返回值数据进行二次操作.

2.httpclient的jar包

<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>

<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>

<version>${httpclient.version}</version>

</dependency>

3.httpclient get请求

public void test01() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{

//1.创建HTTPclient对象

CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();

//2.定义请求路径

String url = “https://xxx”

//3.定义请求的类型

HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);

//4.获取请求结果

CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = client.execute(httpGet);

//5.获取响应结果

String result = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());

}

2.httpclient post请求

public void testPost() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{

//1.创建HTTPclient对象

CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();

//2.定义请求路径

String uri = "https://xxx";

//3.定义请求类型

HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(uri);

//4.获取请求结果

CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(httpPost);

//5.判断请求是否正确返回

if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {

String result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());

}

spring整合httpclient

1.代码层级结构

2.properties文件

#从连接池中获取到连接的最长时间

http.request.connectionRequestTimeout=500

#数据连接的最长时间

http.request.connectTimeout=5000

#数据传输的最长时间

http.request.socketTimeout=30000

#提交请求前测试连接是否可用

http.request.staleConnectionCheckEnabled=true

#设置连接总数

http.pool.maxTotal=200

#设置每个地址的并发数

http.pool.defaultMaxPerRoute=100

3.spring配置文件

</bean>

</bean>

<constructor-arg index="0" ref="httpClientConnectionManager" />

<constructor-arg index="1" value="60000" />

</bean>

</bean>

3.httpclient工具类

@Service

public class HttpClientService {

@Autowired(required=false)

private CloseableHttpClient httpClient;

@Autowired(required=false)

private RequestConfig requestConfig;

/**编辑HttpGet请求

* get:localhost:8091/add?id=1&name=tom

* 1.使用map<k,v>集合信息,保存传递的参数

* 2.指定uri

* 3.设定字符集编码

public String doGet(String uri,Map<String,String> params,String charset){

String result = null;

//设定字符集

if(StringUtils.isEmpty(charset)){

charset = "UTF-8";

}

try {

//判断是否还有参数

if(params != null){

//使用URIBuilder进行请求了路径的拼接

URIBuilder builder = new URIBuilder(uri);

for (Map.Entry<String,String> entry : params.entrySet()) {

builder.addParameter(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());

// add?id=1&name=tom 生成新的请求路径

uri = builder.build().toString();

}

//定义请求对象

HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);

//定义请求的链接时长

httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);

CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);

//判断请求是否正确

if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){

result = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity(),charset);

}

}catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return result;

}

public String doGet(String uri,Map<String,String> params){

return doGet(uri, params, null);

}

public String doGet(String uri){

return doGet(uri, null);

}

4.业务逻辑

前台controller

@Controller

@RequestMapping("/items")

public class ItemController {

@Autowired

private ItemService itemService;

//http://www.jt.com/items/562379.html

@RequestMapping("/{itemId}")

public String findItemById(@PathVariable Long itemId,Model model){

Item item = itemService.findItemById(itemId);

ItemDesc itemDesc = itemService.findItemDescById(itemId);

model.addAttribute("item",item);

model.addAttribute("itemDesc",itemDesc);

return "item";

}

前台service

@Service

public class ItemServiceImpl implements ItemService {

@Autowired

private HttpClientService httpClient;

private static ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();

@Override

public Item findItemById(Long itemId) {

//1.定义远程访问的uri

String uri = "http://manage.jt.com/web/item/findItemById/"+itemId;

//2.发起请求获取远程服务端数据

String jsonData = httpClient.doGet(uri);

Item item = null;

try {

item = objectMapper.readValue(jsonData, Item.class);

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return item;

}

@Override

public ItemDesc findItemDescById(Long itemId) {

//1.定义远程访问的uri

String uri = "http://manage.jt.com/web/item/findItemDescById/"+itemId;

//2.发起请求获取远程服务端数据

String jsonData = httpClient.doGet(uri);

ItemDesc itemDesc = null;

try {

itemDesc = objectMapper.readValue(jsonData, ItemDesc.class);

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return itemDesc;

}

后台controller

@Controller

@RequestMapping("/web/item")

public class WebItemController {

@Autowired

private ItemService itemService;

//前台获取Item对象和ItemDesc对象

@RequestMapping("/findItemById/{itemId}")

@ResponseBody

public Item findItemById(@PathVariable Long itemId){

return itemService.findItemById(itemId);

}

//ItemDesc对象

@RequestMapping("/findItemDescById/{itemId}")

@ResponseBody

public ItemDesc findItemDescById(@PathVariable Long itemId){

return itemService.findItemDescById(itemId);

}

后台service

@Override

public ItemDesc findItemDescById(Long itemId) {

return itemDescMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(itemId);

}

@Override

public Item findItemById(Long itemId) {

return itemMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(itemId);

}