Spring整合Hibernate

经过一天的学习，掌握了spring整合Hibernate的方法，下面就全面的介绍一下spring整合Hibernate的方法。

首先，使用maven作为构建工具，在pom.xml文件中配置对spring、Hibernate和logger的依赖，下面是我的pom.xml文件

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.prince2270.study</groupId> <artifactId>spring-hibernate</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <build> <finalName>${project.groupId}</finalName> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <source>1.5</source> <target>1.5</target> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId> <executions> <execution> <id>install</id> <phase>install</phase> <goals> <goal>sources</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions> </plugin> </plugins> </build> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <org.springframework.version>3.0.1.RELEASE</org.springframework.version> <org.slf4j.version>1.5.10</org.slf4j.version> <hibernate.version>3.5.1-Final</hibernate.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- Test --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.7</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- Hibernate --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hsqldb</groupId> <artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId> <version>2.0.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javassist</groupId> <artifactId>javassist</artifactId> <version>3.8.0.GA</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>c3p0</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.1</version> </dependency> <!-- Spring --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> <exclusions> <!-- Exclude Commons Logging in favor of SLF4j --> <exclusion> <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Logging --> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>${org.slf4j.version}</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>${org.slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId> <version>${org.slf4j.version}</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.15</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>javax.mail</groupId> <artifactId>mail</artifactId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <groupId>javax.jms</groupId> <artifactId>jms</artifactId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <groupId>com.sun.jdmk</groupId> <artifactId>jmxtools</artifactId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <groupId>com.sun.jmx</groupId> <artifactId>jmxri</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <!-- Servlet --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-asm</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId> <version>1.6.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.6.8</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>  

通过pom.xml的配置，可以引入所有依赖的jar包。

 

接下来，是spring整合Hibernate的关键点。在单独使用Hibernate时，需要配置hibernate.cfg.xml，在这个配置文件中配置datasource和映射文件。那么，在spring整合Hibernate中，我们可以舍弃这个配置文件，使用spring的LocalSessionFactoryBean来配置Hibernate的sessionFactory。

下面看一下关于datasource和sessionFactory的配置

 <bean id="datasource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClass" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver" /> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:hsqldb:hsql://localhost" /> <property name="user" value="sa" /> <property name="password" value="" /> <!-- 数据库连接池保持的最小连接数 --> <property name="minPoolSize" value="5" /> <!-- 数据库连接池保持的最大连接数 --> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30" /> <!-- 数据库连接池保持的初始化时创建的连接数 --> <property name="initialPoolSize" value="10" /> <!-- 最大空闲时间，60秒内未使用则连接被丢弃。默认值为0，如果值为0，则永远不被丢弃--> <property name="maxIdleTime" value="60" /> <!-- 连接池中连接耗尽后，一次性创建的连接数，默认值为3 --> <property name="acquireIncrement" value="5"></property> </bean> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="datasource" /> <!-- <property name="mappingResources" ref="hibernate.resource"/> --> <property name="mappingResources"> <list> <value>com.prince2270.study.Student.hbm.xml</value> </list> </property> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> <prop key="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</prop> <!-- 最大抓取深度，如果为0，则关闭默认的外连接抓取。建议值为0-3 --> <prop key="hibernate.max_fetch_depth">1</prop> <!-- 用于生成有助于调试的注释信息，默认为关闭 --> <prop key="hibernate.use_sql_comments">true</prop> </props> </property> </bean>

 

配置好sessionFactory后，还要配置一下事务管理器，如下面代码：

<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" /> <aop:config> <aop:pointcut id="txMethod" expression="execution(* com.prince2270.study.*DAOImpl.*(..))" /> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txMethod"/> </aop:config> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> <tx:method name="find*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"/> <tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"/> <tx:method name="*" /> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice>

 

接下来就是在spring中如何使用Hibernate了。spring提供了对Hibernate的支持：HibernateDaoSupport。我们可以通过继承这个类来简化Hibernate的使用。

具体的代码如下：

public Serializable addStudent(Student student) { return getHibernateTemplate().save(student); } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public Student findStudentByName(String name) { List<Student> students = getHibernateTemplate().find( "from Student s where s.name = ?", name); if (students == null || students.isEmpty()) { return null; } if (students.size() > 1) { throw new RuntimeException("More than one student named " + name); } return students.get(0); }

 

通过使用Hibernate可以极大的简化JDBC操作，可以更方便的去实现DAO层，使用spring后，可以简化Hibernate的使用，更大的简化了代码，提高了开发效率。