seata分布式事务配置示例

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-07 13:28:58 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-04-07 13:28:58 发布

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分类专栏：配置文件文章标签： java

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本文档详细介绍了如何在SpringBoot和SpringCloud Alibaba环境下配置Seata分布式事务，包括创建order和pay两个服务，配置数据库，添加Seata依赖，设置代理数据源，使用@GlobalTransactional注解等步骤。

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确定版本对应
| SpringBoot | 2.2.5.RELEASE |
| SpringCloud | Hoxton.SR3 |
| SpringCloudAlibaba | 2.2.1.RELEASE |

1.新建两个工程order/pay

修改pom

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    <optional>true</optional>
</dependency>

2.两个数据库 order、pay

3.分别编写两个服务的 application.yml

server:
  port: 8010
spring:
  application:
    name: order
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    username: root
    password: root
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/order

server:
  port: 8020
spring:
  application:
    name: pay
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    username: root
    password: root
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/pay

4.分别编写service

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class OrderService {
    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    public void save(){
        this.jdbcTemplate.update("insert into orders(username) values ('张三')");
    }
}

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class PayService {
    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    public void save(){
        this.jdbcTemplate.update("insert into pay(username) values ('张三')");
    }
}

5.控制器 Order 通过 RestTemplate 调用 Pay 的服务

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController
public class OrderController {

    @Autowired
    private OrderService orderService;
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/save")
    public String save(){
        //订单
        this.orderService.save();
        int i = 10/0;
        //支付
        this.restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8020/save",String.class);
        return "success";
    }
}

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class PayController {
    @Autowired
    private PayService payService;

    @GetMapping("/save")
    public String save(){
        this.payService.save();
        return "success";
    }
}

6.启动类

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class PayApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PayApplication.class, args);
    }

}

2.7.5 seata解决方案

1.解压配置

分别修改nacos-config.txt和registry.conf

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regisry.conf

注意serverAddr地址如果是linux中，不在本机，需要写uri
```
registry {
  type = "nacos"
  nacos {
    serverAddr = "localhost"
    namespace = "public"
    cluster = "default"
  }
}

config {
  type = "nacos"
  nacos {
    serverAddr = "localhost"
    namespace = "public"
    cluster = "default"
  }
}
```
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nacos-config.txt

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2.启动Nacos

运行 nacos-config.sh 将 Seata 配置导入 Nacos

注意：windows中不能直接运行sh文件，可用git启动

# 进入conf目录，git hash中执行：
sh nacos-config.sh 127.0.0.1

3.启动 Seata Server ( JDK 8 以上环境无法启动)

# 进入bin目录 
seata-server.bat -p 8090 -m file

4.初始化数据库

两个数据库中执行此sql

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5.两个工程的pom中添加seata依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
    <version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
</dependency>

6.给 JDBCTemplate 添加代理数据源

这里用的是JDBC，如果使用的是MyBatis 或 MP处理不一样

import io.seata.rm.datasource.DataSourceProxy;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }

    @Bean
    public JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate(DataSource dataSource){
        return new JdbcTemplate(new DataSourceProxy(dataSource));
    }
}

import io.seata.rm.datasource.DataSourceProxy;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@SpringBootApplication
public class PayApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PayApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate(DataSource dataSource){
        return new JdbcTemplate(new DataSourceProxy(dataSource));
    }

}

7.将registry.conf 复制到两个工程的 resources 下

8.给两个工程添加 bootstrap.yml 读取 Nacos 配置

tx-service-group 需要和 Nacos 配置中的名称一致

spring:
  application:
    name: order
  cloud:
    nacos:
      config:
        server-addr: localhost:8848
        namespace: public
        group: SEATA_GROUP
    alibaba:
      seata:
        tx-service-group: ${spring.application.name}

spring:
  application:
    name: pay
  cloud:
    nacos:
      config:
        server-addr: localhost:8848
        namespace: public
        group: SEATA_GROUP
    alibaba:
      seata:
        tx-service-group: ${spring.application.name}

9.在 Order 调用 Pay 处添加注解 @GlobalTransactional

import com.southwind.service.OrderService;
import io.seata.spring.annotation.GlobalTransactional;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController
public class OrderController {

    @Autowired
    private OrderService orderService;
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/save")
    @GlobalTransactional
    public String save(){
        //订单
        this.orderService.save();
        int i = 10/0;
        //支付
        this.restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8020/save",String.class);
        return "success";
    }
}