Spring Cloud Config 分布式配置中心使用

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-13 08:40:27 发布

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本文介绍如何使用 Spring Cloud Config 实现分布式配置管理。通过创建 ConfigServer 和 ConfigClient，实现配置文件的统一管理和动态加载。文章详细展示了如何配置 SVN 作为远程配置源，并演示了客户端如何从配置中心拉取配置。

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一、简介

为了方便统一管理配置文件管理，使用spring cloud config作为分布式配置中心，国产比较好的有百度的disconf，携程的apollo,这里我们介绍使用spring cloud config。它支持配置服务放在配置服务的内存中（即本地），也支持放在远程Git、SVN等仓库中。在spring cloud config 组件中，分两个角色，一是config server，二是config client。

二、创建Config Server

创建一个spring-cloud项目，取名为config-server,支持maven和gradle，这里配置中心使用svn远程库上的配置：

1.maven的pom.xml中引入依赖:

 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>config-server</groupId>
	<artifactId>config-server</artifactId>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>
	<name>dmw-config</name>
	<description>配置中心</description>
        <!--使用最新版的spring-boot ->
	 <parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.5.10.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<spring-cloud.version>Edgware.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
	</properties>


	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
			<exclusions>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
					<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
			</exclusions>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.tmatesoft.svnkit</groupId>
			<artifactId>svnkit</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
   <!--依赖管理，用于管理spring-cloud的依赖，其中Edgware.SR1是版本号-->
	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>
	<build>
		<finalName>dmw-config</finalName>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

2.gradle build.gradle依赖：

buildscript {
	ext {
		springBootVersion = '1.5.10.RELEASE'
	}
	repositories {
		mavenCentral()
	}
	dependencies {
		classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")
	}
}

apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse-wtp'
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'

group = 'com.config'
version = ''
sourceCompatibility = 1.8

repositories {
    maven {url 'http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/'}
	mavenCentral()
}

configurations {
	providedRuntime
}

ext {
	springCloudVersion = 'Edgware.SR1'
	if(!project.hasProperty("profile")){
		profile='test'
	}
}
sourceSets {
	main {
		resources {
			srcDir "env/${profile}"
		}
	}
}
dependencies {
	compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-config-server'){
	 exclude module: 'spring-boot-starter-tomcat'
	}
	compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-eureka')
	runtime('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-undertow')
	testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
	compile('org.tmatesoft.svnkit:svnkit')
	compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-actuator')
}

dependencyManagement {
	imports {
		mavenBom "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-dependencies:${springCloudVersion}"
	}
}

新建入口类BootApplication：

mport org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.config.server.EnableConfigServer;


@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigServer
public class ConfigServerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConfigServerApplication .class, args);
    }
}

application.yml：

spring:
  profiles:
    #使用svn这里必须指定为subversion，否则会报错，因为config默认配置的git
    active: subversion
  cloud:
    config:
      server:
        svn:
          # 配置svn仓库地址
          uri: svn://192.168.1.1/config-repo
          # 配置svn访问账号
          username: test
          # 配置svn访问密码
          password: test
          #配置svn项目配置文件所在目录
          default-label: profiles

服务端完成,如果在svn上的config-repo的profiel目录下有一个application-dev.yml配置文件，则可以通过http://loalhost:8080/application-dev.yml访问获得配置信息，该项目没有指定端口，所以默认8080，

三、构建Config Client

重新创建一个springboot项目，取名为config-client

1.maven 的pom文件引入依赖：

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

2. gradle gruadle.build

buildscript {
	ext {
		springBootVersion = '1.5.10.RELEASE'
	}
	repositories {
		mavenCentral()
	}
	dependencies {
		classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")
	}
}

apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse-wtp'
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'
apply plugin: 'war'

group = 'com.config'
version = ''
sourceCompatibility = 1.8

repositories {
    maven {url 'http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/'}
	mavenCentral()
}

configurations {
	providedRuntime
}
ext{
    springCloudVersion = 'Edgware.SR1'
	if(!project.hasProperty("profile")){
		profile='demo'
	}
}

sourceSets {
	main {
		resources {
			srcDir "profiles/${profile}"
		}
	}
}
dependencies {
	compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-actuator')
	compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web')
	compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-config-client')
	providedRuntime('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat')
	testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
}
dependencyManagement {
	imports {
		mavenBom "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-dependencies:${springCloudVersion}"
	}
}

其配置文件bootstrap.yml：

spring:
  profiles:
    active: dev
  application:
    name: config-client
  cloud:
    config:
      enabled: true
      profile: ${spring.profiles.active}
      uri: http://${spring.cloud.client.ipAddress}:8080
     #如果config-server配置了账号跟密码
      username: test
      password: test
     #重试机制
      fail-fast: true
      retry:
        initial-interval: 2000
        max-interval: 10000
        multiplier: 2
        max-attempts: 10

程序的入口类，写一个API接口“／hello”，返回从如果配置中心的有foo变量的值，则可以获取，代码如下：

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;


@SpringBootApplication
@RestController
public class ConfigClientApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientApplication .class, args);
    }
    
    @Value("${foo}") // svn配置文件里的key
    String foo;
    
    @RequestMapping(value = "/hello")
    public String hi(){
        return foo;
    }
    
}