本文详细介绍了Java中五种主要线程池的特性和使用场景：newCachedThreadPool允许线程无限创建；newFixedThreadPool维持固定数量的线程；newSingleThreadExecutor使用单一工作线程；newScheduledThreadPool支持定时和周期性任务调度；newWorkStealingPool采用Fork/Join框架实现任务窃取算法。
1.newCachedThreadPool 线程无限加
Creates a thread pool that creates new threads as needed, but
* will reuse previously constructed threads when they are
* available.
2.newFixedThreadPool 线程固定
Creates a thread pool that reuses a fixed number of threads
* operating off a shared unbounded queue.
3.newSingleThreadExecutor 单thread
Creates an Executor that uses a single worker thread operating
* off an unbounded queue.
4.newScheduledThreadPool 支持定期及周期任务
Creates a thread pool that can schedule commands to run after a
* given delay, or to execute periodically.
5.newWorkStealingPool forkjoin 分而治之
参考 https://www.jianshu.com/p/135c89001b61
参考 https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/cx105200/article/details/80220937#threadpoolexecutor
参考 https://www.jianshu.com/p/50fffbf21b39
使用：submit execute
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