From: http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/Knight94/archive/2006/05/17/742055.aspx
对于一个文件的读写,其实很简单,就是用FileStream进行Read或者Write就行了。但是如何把多个文件写入到同一个文件,之后要能把这个文件进行还原成多个文件。那么光靠FileStream的Read和Write方法是不够的,首先你需要自行建立文件索引,来标明每个文件在当前文件的位置。

那么最近作了一个简单的DEMO,其中类的部分代码如下:
//
------------------------------- Compose Files ----------------------------------
//
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
---File:clsComposeFiles.cs
//
---Description:This file is to show how-to compose multi-files into one file 
//
and decompose one file to multi-files.
//
---Author:Knight
//
---Date:May.16, 2006
//
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
------------------------------{ Compose Files }---------------------------------

namespace
ComposeFiles

{
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Collections;
using System.Text;


/**//// <summary>
/// Summary description for clsComposeFiles.
/// </summary>
public class clsComposeFiles

{
private ArrayList arrFiles = new ArrayList();

public clsComposeFiles()

{
//
// TODO: Add constructor logic here
//
}


/**//// <summary>
/// Add a file to be composed
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sFileName"></param>
public void AddFile( string sFileName )

{
arrFiles.Add( sFileName );
}


/**//// <summary>
/// Compose files to the specific file
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sFileName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool ComposeFiles( string sFileName )

{
if( arrFiles.Count == 0 ) return false;

FileInfo fi = new FileInfo( sFileName );
// Open file to write
FileStream fsWriter = null;
try

{
if( !fi.Exists )

{
fsWriter = new FileStream( 
sFileName, 
FileMode.CreateNew, 
FileAccess.ReadWrite,
FileShare.None );
}
else
fsWriter = new FileStream( 
sFileName, 
FileMode.Truncate, 
FileAccess.ReadWrite,
FileShare.None );
}
catch(Exception err)

{
System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine( err.Message );
return false;
}

byte[] bBuffer = null;
// Write files count
bBuffer = FileIndex.LongToBytes( arrFiles.Count );
fsWriter.Write( bBuffer, 0, 8 );

const long INDEX_START_POS = 8L;
// Init files index
FileIndex FI = new FileIndex();
for( int i = 0; i < arrFiles.Count; i++ )
fsWriter.Write( FileIndex.ConvertToBytes( ref FI ), 0, 32 );

long FILE_START_POS = INDEX_START_POS + 32 * arrFiles.Count;
long lCurFileStartPos = FILE_START_POS;

// Write every file
for( int i = 0; i < arrFiles.Count; i++ )

{
WriteFile( arrFiles[i].ToString(),
ref lCurFileStartPos,
INDEX_START_POS,
fsWriter,
i );
}

// Close stream
fsWriter.Close();
return true;
}


/**//// <summary>
/// Write file name and data into composed file
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sFileName"></param>
/// <param name="FileStartPos"></param>
/// <param name="IndexStartPos"></param>
/// <param name="fsWriter"></param>
/// <param name="Index"></param>
private void WriteFile( 
string sFileName, 
ref long FileStartPos,
long IndexStartPos,
FileStream fsWriter,
int Index )

{
FileInfo fi = new FileInfo( sFileName );
if( !fi.Exists ) return;

FileStream fsReader = null;
try

{
fsReader = new FileStream( 
sFileName, FileMode.Open, 
FileAccess.Read );
}

catch
{ return;}

// Get file name
byte[] bFileName = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes( fi.Name );
// Write file name
fsWriter.Write( bFileName, 0, bFileName.Length );

const int BUFFER_LENGTH = 1024;
byte[] bBuffer = new byte[BUFFER_LENGTH];
int nRealRead = 0;
// Write data using
do

{
// Read data from file
nRealRead = fsReader.Read( bBuffer, 0, 
BUFFER_LENGTH );
// Write data 
fsWriter.Write( bBuffer, 0, nRealRead );
}while( nRealRead > 0 );
// Close file reader
fsReader.Close();

FileIndex FINew = new FileIndex();
FINew.NameStartPos = FileStartPos;
FINew.NameLength = bFileName.Length;
FINew.FileStartPos = FileStartPos + bFileName.Length;
FINew.FileLength = fi.Length;

// Go back to file index position
fsWriter.Seek( IndexStartPos + Index * 32, SeekOrigin.Begin );

// Write file index info
fsWriter.Write( FileIndex.ConvertToBytes( ref FINew ), 0, 32 );

// Go back to file end
fsWriter.Seek( 0, SeekOrigin.End );

// Set file current position
FileStartPos += bFileName.Length + fi.Length;
}


/**//// <summary>
/// Decompose file to multi files into specific directory
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sFileName"></param>
/// <param name="sDestDir"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool DecomposeFile( string sFileName, string sDestDir )

{
FileInfo fi = new FileInfo( sFileName );
if( !fi.Exists ) return false;

FileStream fsReader = null;
try

{
fsReader = new FileStream( 
sFileName, FileMode.Open, 
FileAccess.Read );
}

catch
{ return false;}

// Read file count
byte[] bFileCount = new byte[8];
int nRealRead = 0;
nRealRead = fsReader.Read( bFileCount, 0, 8 );
if( nRealRead != 8 )

{
fsReader.Close();
return false;
}

long lFileCount = FileIndex.BytesToLong( bFileCount );
if( lFileCount > 0 )

{
//Init file index array
FileIndex[] fiArray = new FileIndex[lFileCount];
byte[] bFileIndex = new byte[32];
for( int i = 0; i < lFileCount; i++ )

{
fsReader.Read( bFileIndex, 0, 32 );
fiArray[i] = FileIndex.ConvertToFileIndex( bFileIndex );
}

if( sDestDir[ sDestDir.Length - 1] != '//' )
sDestDir += "//";
// Save every file into current directory
for( int i = 0; i < fiArray.Length; i++ )

{
SaveFile( fsReader,
ref fiArray[i],
sDestDir );
}
}

// Close file reader
fsReader.Close();
return true;
}


/**//// <summary>
/// Save every file into directory
/// </summary>
/// <param name="fsReader"></param>
/// <param name="FI"></param>
/// <param name="sDestDir"></param>
private void SaveFile( 
FileStream fsReader,
ref FileIndex FI,
string sDestDir )

{
// Read file name
byte[] bFileName = new byte[ FI.NameLength ];
int nRealRead = fsReader.Read( bFileName, 0, bFileName.Length );
if( nRealRead != bFileName.Length ) return;
string sFileName = Encoding.Unicode.GetString( bFileName );
sFileName = sDestDir + sFileName;
FileInfo fi = new FileInfo( sFileName );
// Open file to write
FileStream fsWriter = null;
try

{
if( !fi.Exists )

{
fsWriter = new FileStream( 
sFileName, 
FileMode.CreateNew, 
FileAccess.ReadWrite,
FileShare.None );
}
else
fsWriter = new FileStream( 
sFileName, 
FileMode.Truncate, 
FileAccess.ReadWrite,
FileShare.None );
}

catch(Exception err)
{
System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine( err.Message );
return;
}

// Init buffer 
const int BUFFER_LENGTH = 1024;
byte[] bBuffer = new byte[BUFFER_LENGTH];
long lLeft = FI.FileLength;

// Copy file 
do

{
if( lLeft > BUFFER_LENGTH )

{
fsReader.Read( bBuffer, 0, BUFFER_LENGTH );
fsWriter.Write( bBuffer, 0, BUFFER_LENGTH );

lLeft -= BUFFER_LENGTH;
}
else

{
nRealRead = fsReader.Read( bBuffer, 0, (int)lLeft );
fsWriter.Write( bBuffer, 0, nRealRead );

lLeft -= nRealRead;
}
}
while( lLeft > 0 );

// close file writer
fsWriter.Close();
}
}


/**//// <summary>
/// File index data structure
/// </summary>
public struct FileIndex

{
public long NameStartPos;
public long NameLength;
public long FileStartPos;
public long FileLength;

public static byte[] ConvertToBytes( ref FileIndex FI )

{
byte[] bData = new byte[32];

Array.Copy( LongToBytes( FI.NameStartPos ), 0, bData, 0, 8 );
Array.Copy( LongToBytes( FI.NameLength ), 0, bData, 8, 8 );
Array.Copy( LongToBytes( FI.FileStartPos ), 0, bData, 16, 8 );
Array.Copy( LongToBytes( FI.FileLength ), 0, bData, 24, 8 );

return bData;
}

public static byte[] LongToBytes( long lValue )

{
byte[] bData = new byte[8];

bData[0] = (byte)( ( lValue >> 56 ) & 0xFF);
bData[1] = (byte)( ( lValue >> 48 ) & 0xFF);
bData[2] = (byte)( ( lValue >> 40 ) & 0xFF);
bData[3] = (byte)( ( lValue >> 32 ) & 0xFF);
bData[4] = (byte)( ( lValue >> 24 ) & 0xFF);
bData[5] = (byte)( ( lValue >> 16 ) & 0xFF);
bData[6] = (byte)( ( lValue >> 8 ) & 0xFF);
bData[7] = (byte)(lValue & 0xFF);
return bData;
}

public static FileIndex ConvertToFileIndex( byte[] bData )

{
if( bData == null || bData.Length != 32 ) 
throw new Exception( "Invalid parameters!" );

FileIndex FI = new FileIndex();
byte[] bBuffer = new byte[8];
Array.Copy( bData, 0, bBuffer, 0, 8 );
FI.NameStartPos = BytesToLong( bBuffer );
Array.Copy( bData, 8, bBuffer, 0, 8 );
FI.NameLength = BytesToLong( bBuffer );
Array.Copy( bData, 16, bBuffer, 0, 8 );
FI.FileStartPos = BytesToLong( bBuffer );
Array.Copy( bData, 24, bBuffer, 0, 8 );
FI.FileLength = BytesToLong( bBuffer );
return FI;
}

public static long BytesToLong( byte[] bData )

{
if( bData == null || bData.Length != 8 )
throw new Exception( "Invalid parameters!" );

long lngValue = 0;
lngValue += bData[0];
lngValue = ( lngValue << 8 );
lngValue += bData[1];
lngValue = ( lngValue << 8 );
lngValue += bData[2];
lngValue = ( lngValue << 8 );
lngValue += bData[3];
lngValue = ( lngValue << 8 );
lngValue += bData[4];
lngValue = ( lngValue << 8 );
lngValue += bData[5];
lngValue = ( lngValue << 8 );
lngValue += bData[6];
lngValue = ( lngValue << 8 );
lngValue += bData[7];
return lngValue;
}
}
}


其中类的操作参看clsComposeFiles这个类,而文件索引结构参看FileIndex这个Structure。

之后的调用就很简单,例如:
合成文件:
clsComposeFiles myComposeFiles
=
new
clsComposeFiles();
myComposeFiles.AddFile(
@"
D:/Ship.exe
"
);
myComposeFiles.AddFile(
@"
D:/LoginPage.JPG
"
);
myComposeFiles.ComposeFiles(
@"
D:/Ship.dat
"
);

分解文件:
clsComposeFiles myComposeFiles
=
new
clsComposeFiles();
myComposeFiles.DecomposeFile(
@"
D:/Ship.dat
"
,
@"
E:/
"
);

以上代码由于写得比较急,细节处理并不是很完善,因此使用的时候要加以细化,甚至可以在我的基础上进行扩充。

本文介绍了一种将多个文件合并为单个文件,并能够从该文件中还原出原始文件的技术实现方法。通过使用FileStream进行读写操作及自定义文件索引来记录每个文件的位置和长度信息,实现了文件的有效管理和恢复。
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