Elasticsearch之API CUED操作_elasticsearchapi-优快云博客

基本的增删查改

新建一个索引 PUT 方法需要指定id

 PUT /library/books/3
  {
   "title":"天下无敌",
  "name":{
    "first":"Zachary",
    "last":"Tong"
  },
  "publish_date":"2015-08-25",
  "price":"500"
}

return
{
   "_index": "library",
   "_type": "books",
   "_id": "3",
   "_version": 2,
   "created": false   // 如果这个id的数据已经存在就返回false
}
{
   "_index": "library",
   "_type": "books",
   "_id": "4",
   "_version": 1,
   "created": true
}

POST 方法可以不指定id id为自动生成

POST /library/books/
{
  "title": "Elasticsearch Blueprints",
  "name" : {
    "first" : "Vineeth",
    "last" : "Mohan"
  },
  "publish_date":"2015-06-06",
  "price":"35.99"
}
>
return
{
   "_index": "library",
   "_type": "books",
   "_id": "AVSd0qjGioND9IccWuDh",  // 每个id都不会重复 切不一样
   "_version": 1,
   "created": true
}

GET 方法是通过指定的id获取对应数据

GET /library/books/AVSd1ETGioND9IccWuDi
GET /library/books/1
GET /library/books/2

获取某个字段的值
GET /library/books/1?_source=title              //获取title
GET /library/books/1?_source=title,price    // 获取title以及价格 如果写的某个字段没有值将不会返回某个字段
GET /library/books/1?_source                        // 获取全部字段

PUT 更新（直接覆盖）这个方法不推荐

GET /library/books/AVSd1ETGioND9IccWuDi
GET /library/books/1
GET /library/books/2

//获取某个字段的值
GET /library/books/1?_source=title              //获取title
GET /library/books/1?_source=title,price    // 获取title以及价格     如果写的某个字段没有值将不会返回某个字段
GET /library/books/1?_source                        // 获取全部字段

PUT 更新（直接覆盖）这个方法不推荐

PUT /library/books/1
{
  "title": "Elasticsearch: The Definitive Guide",
  "name" : {
    "first" : "Zachary",
    "last" : "Tong"
  },
  "publish_date":"2015-02-06",
  "price":"59.99"
}

return 
{
   "_index": "library",
   "_type": "books",
   "_id": "4",
   "_version": 4,
   "created": false
}

或者通过POST _update API的方式单独更新你想要更新的

POST /library/books/4/_update
{
  "doc": {
    "price":"1000"
  }
}

删除一个文档的方法

DELETE /library/books/1
DELETE /library
GET /library/books/1

高级

同时获取多个文档信息
例子：获取index:bank, type:bank_account下面
ID为1，2，3，4，15，6，28 的文档信息

#先建立index
PUT /bank/bank_account/4
{
  "title":"工商银行",
  "area":"总部就在北京",
  "people":"200",
  "content":{
    "fuwu":{
      "one":"可以办理信用卡",
      "two":"可以直接汇款"
    }
  },
  "number":"20"
}

PUT /shakespeare/line/3
{
  "title":"工商银行",
  "area":"总部就在北京",
  "people":"200"
}
PUT /shakespeare/line/5
{
  "title":"工123商银行",
  "area":"总部就在北京",
  "people":"200"
}

# 获取值数组[]
GET /_mget
{
   "docs" : [
      {
         "_index" : "bank",
         "_type" :  "bank_account",
         "_id" :    1
      },
      {
         "_index" : "bank",
         "_type" :  "bank_account",
         "_id" :    2
      },
      {
         "_index" : "shakespeare",
         "_type" :  "line",
         "_id" :    3
      },
      {
         "_index" : "shakespeare",
         "_type" :  "line",
         "_id" :    4
      },
      {
         "_index" : "shakespeare",
         "_type" :  "line",
         "_id" :    15
      },
      {
         "_index" : "shakespeare",
         "_type" :  "line",
         "_id" :    6
      },
      {
         "_index" : "shakespeare",
         "_type" :  "line",
         "_id" :    28
      }
   ]
}
# 也可以指定_source字段，获取你想要的
GET /_mget
{
   "docs" : [
      {
         "_index" : "shakespeare",
         "_type" :  "line",
         "_id" :    6,
         "_source": "play_name"
      },
      {
         "_index" : "shakespeare",
         "_type" :  "line",
         "_id" :    28,
         "_source": "play_name"

      }
   ]
}
# 指定多个_source字段，数组的形式[]
GET /_mget
{
   "docs" : [
      {
         "_index" : "shakespeare",
         "_type" :  "line",
         "_id" :    6
      },
      {
         "_index" : "shakespeare",
         "_type" :  "line",
         "_id" :    28,
         "_source": ["play_name","speaker","text_entry"]

      }
   ]
}
# 获取相同index相同type下不同ID的文档
GET /shakespeare/line/_mget
{
  "docs" : [
      { "_id" : 6 },
      { "_type" : "line", "_id" :   28 }
   ]
}

# 可以这样简便的写
GET /shakespeare/line/_mget
{
   "ids" : [ "6", "28" ]
}

GET /shakespeare/line/_mget
{
   "ids" : [ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7" ]
}

# 多重模式
# 批量操作bulk
POST /library/books/_bulk
{ "index":  { "_id": 1}}
{ "title":"Elasticsearch: The Definitive Guide","price":5 }
{ "index":  { "_id": 2}}
{ "title":"The Elasticsearch cookbook","price":15 }
{ "index":  { "_id": 3}}
{ "title":"Elasticsearch Blueprints","price":9 }
{ "index":  { "_id": 4}}
{ "title":"Thinking in Python","price":22 }
{ "index":  { "_id": 5}}
{ "title":"Thinking in Java","price":7 }
GET /library/
GET /library/books/_mget
{
   "ids" : [ "1", "2" , "3", "4", "5"]
}
# 当然还可以有delete ,update等操作
# 注意delete下面没有具体的request body
POST /library/books/_bulk
{ "delete": { "_index": "library", "_type": "books", "_id": "1" }}
{ "create": { "_index": "music", "_type": "classical", "_id": "1" }}
{ "title": "Ave Verum Corpus" }
{ "index":  { "_index": "music", "_type": "classical" }}
{ "title": "Litaniac de Venerabili Altaris Sacromento" }
{ "update": { "_index": "library", "_type": "books", "_id": "2"} }
{ "doc" : {"price" : "18"} }
GET /library/books/1
GET /library/books/_mget
{
   "ids" : [ "1", "2" , "3", "4", "5"]
}

Date 字段接受日期范围的形式查询.
一下格式被支持:
关键词 / 关键短语
now
today
tomorrow
yesterday
last / this / next + week / month / year
搜索关键字匹配的日期. last year 将搜索过去全年.
范围
1000 secs
5mins
1day
2days
80d
9 months
2yrs (空格可选, 同等于多个范围修饰词)
创建一个指定时间范围的搜索, 将围绕现在并延伸至过去与未来时间段.
DateTime 与 DateTime局部
2011
2011-01
2011-01-18
2011-01-18 12
2011-01-18 12:32
2011-01-18 12:32:45
指定一个特定的日期范围. 2011会搜索整个 2011年, 而 2011-01-18 12:32:45 将只搜索1秒范围内
Time 与 Time局部
12
12:32
12:32:45
这些格式只搜索当天的特定时间. 12:32 将搜索当天的那一分钟
日期范围
2010 -> 2011
last week -> next week
2011-05 ->
< now
日期范围是将两个日期格式串 (日期关键字 / DateTime / Time) 用 < 或 -> (效果相同) 分隔. 如果缺少任意一端，那么在这个方向上时间将没有限制.
偏移日期范围
2010 -> 1yr
3mins < now 搜索包括指定方向上偏移的日期.
锚定范围
2010-05-13 05:13 <> 10m
now <> 1yr
lastweek <> 1month
类似于上面的便宜日期，在两个方向上将锚定的日期延长

在linux中成的操作
获取索引初始化设置

CURL -XGET ‘http://180.76.188.294:9200/library/_settings’
CURL -XGET ‘http://180.76.188.294:9200/library,library2/_settings’
CURL -XGET ‘http://180.76.188.294:9200/_all/_settings’

API创建，更新，删除索引

//如何用API创建索引
      例： curl -XPUT 'http://localhost:9200/twitter/tweet/1' -d '{ "user" : "kimchy", "post_date" : "2009-11-15T14:12:12", "message" : "trying out Elasticsearch" }'

//如何用API更新索引
      例： curl -XPOST 'localhost:9200/test/type1/1/_update' -d '{ "script" : "ctx._source.counter += count", "params" : { "count" : 4 } }'

//如何用API删除索引
      例： curl -XDELETE "http://localhost:9200/twitter/tweet/1"

Elasticsearch的内置字段以及类型
内置字段
_uid
_id
_type
_source
_all
_analyzer
_boost
_parent
_routing
_index
_size
_timestamp
_ttl
字段类型
String
Integer/long
Float/double
Boolean
Null
Date