WINDOWS系统内存限制 WIN7，WIN8，WIN10，WIN2008，WIN2012，WIN2016

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原文链接：https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/windows/win32/memory/memory-limits-for-windows-releases?redirectedfrom=MSDN

本文详细介绍了从Windows XP到Windows 10及各版本Windows Server操作系统对于物理内存、虚拟地址空间、内核模式和用户模式内存限制的具体规定，涵盖了32位与64位平台的不同配置，以及PAE、4GT等技术对内存使用的影响。

WINDOWS系统内存限制 WIN7，WIN8，WIN10，WIN2008，WIN2012，WIN2016

 

Memory Limits for Windows and Windows Server Releases

 

  • This topic describes the memory limits for supported Windows and Windows Server releases.

    Limits on memory and address space vary by platform, operating system, and by whether the IMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWARE value of the LOADED_IMAGE structure and 4-gigabyte tuning (4GT) are in use. IMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWARE is set or cleared by using the /LARGEADDRESSAWARE linker option.

    4-gigabyte tuning (4GT), also known as application memory tuning, or the /3GB switch, is a technology (only applicable to 32 bit systems) that alters the amount of virtual address space available to user mode applications. Enabling this technology reduces the overall size of the system virtual address space and therefore system resource maximums. For more information, see What is 4GT.

    Limits on physical memory for 32-bit platforms also depend on the Physical Address Extension (PAE), which allows 32-bit Windows systems to use more than 4 GB of physical memory.

    Memory and Address Space Limits

    The following table specifies the limits on memory and address space for supported releases of Windows. Unless otherwise noted, the limits in this table apply to all supported releases.

    Memory typeLimit on X86Limit in 64-bit Windows
    User-mode virtual address space for each 32-bit process2 GB
    Up to 3 GB with IMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWARE and 4GT    		2 GB with IMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWARE cleared (default)
    4 GB with IMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWARE set
    User-mode virtual address space for each 64-bit processNot applicableWith IMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWARE set (default):
    x64: 8 TB
    Intel Itanium-based systems: 7 TB
    Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2: 128 TB

    2 GB with IMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWARE cleared
    Kernel-mode virtual address space2 GB
    From 1 GB to a maximum of 2 GB with 4GT    		8 TBWindows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2: 128 TB
     
    Paged pool384 GB or system commit limit, whichever is smaller. Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2: 15.5 TB or system commit limit, whichever is smaller.
    Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows 7, Windows Server 2008 and Windows Vista: Limited by available kernel-mode virtual address space. Starting with Windows Vista with Service Pack 1 (SP1), the paged pool can also be limited by the PagedPoolLimit registry key value.
    Windows Home Server and Windows Server 2003: 530 MB
    Windows XP: 490 MB
         		384 GB or system commit limit, whichever is smaller Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2: 15.5 TB or system commit limit, whichever is smaller.
    Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows 7, Windows Server 2008 and Windows Vista: 128 GB or system commit limit, whichever is smaller
    Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP: Up to 128 GB depending on configuration and RAM.
     
    Nonpaged pool75% of RAM or 2 GB, whichever is smaller. Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2: RAM or 16 TB, whichever is smaller (address space is limited to 2 x RAM).
    Windows Vista: Limited only by kernel mode virtual address space and physical memory. Starting with Windows Vista with SP1, the nonpaged pool can also be limited by the NonPagedPoolLimit registry key value.
    Windows Home Server, Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP: 256 MB, or 128 MB with 4GT.
         		RAM or 128 GB, whichever is smaller (address space is limited to 2 x RAM) Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2: RAM or 16 TB, whichever is smaller (address space is limited to 2 x RAM).
    Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008: 75% of RAM up to a maximum of 128 GB
    Windows Vista: 40% of RAM up to a maximum of 128 GB.
    Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP: Up to 128 GB depending on configuration and RAM.
     
    System cache virtual address space (physical size limited only by physical memory)Limited by available kernel-mode virtual address space or the SystemCacheLimit registry key value.
    Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2: 16 TB.
    Windows Vista: Limited only by kernel mode virtual address space. Starting with Windows Vista with SP1, system cache virtual address space can also be limited by the SystemCacheLimit registry key value.
    Windows Home Server, Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP: 860 MB with LargeSystemCache registry key set and without 4GT; up to 448 MB with 4GT.
         		Always 1 TB regardless of physical RAM Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2: 16 TB.
    Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP: Up to 1 TB depending on configuration and RAM.
     

     

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows 10

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows 10.

    VersionLimit on X86Limit on X64
    Windows 10 Enterprise4 GB6 TB
    Windows 10 Education4 GB2 TB
    Windows 10 Pro for Workstations4 GB6 TB
    Windows 10 Pro4 GB2 TB
    Windows 10 Home4 GB128 GB

     

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows Server 2016

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows Server 2016.

    VersionLimit on X64
    Windows Server 2016 Datacenter24 TB
    Windows Server 2016 Standard24 TB

     

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows 8

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows 8.

    VersionLimit on X86Limit on X64
    Windows 8 Enterprise4 GB512 GB
    Windows 8 Professional4 GB512 GB
    Windows 84 GB128 GB

     

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows Server 2012

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows Server 2012. Windows Server 2012 is available only in X64 editions.

    VersionLimit on X64
    Windows Server 2012 Datacenter4 TB
    Windows Server 2012 Standard4 TB
    Windows Server 2012 Essentials64 GB
    Windows Server 2012 Foundation32 GB
    Windows Storage Server 2012 Workgroup32 GB
    Windows Storage Server 2012 Standard4 TB
    Hyper-V Server 20124 TB

     

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows 7

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows 7.

    VersionLimit on X86Limit on X64
    Windows 7 Ultimate4 GB192 GB
    Windows 7 Enterprise4 GB192 GB
    Windows 7 Professional4 GB192 GB
    Windows 7 Home Premium4 GB16 GB
    Windows 7 Home Basic4 GB8 GB
    Windows 7 Starter2 GBN/A

     

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows Server 2008 R2

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows Server 2008 R2. Windows Server 2008 R2 is available only in 64-bit editions.

    VersionLimit on X64Limit on IA64
    Windows Server 2008 R2 Datacenter2 TB 
    Windows Server 2008 R2 Enterprise2 TB 
    Windows Server 2008 R2 for Itanium-Based Systems 2 TB
    Windows Server 2008 R2 Foundation8 GB 
    Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard32 GB 
    Windows HPC Server 2008 R2128 GB 
    Windows Web Server 2008 R232 GB 

     

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows Server 2008

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows Server 2008. Limits greater than 4 GB for 32-bit Windows assume that PAE is enabled.

    VersionLimit on X86Limit on X64Limit on IA64
    Windows Server 2008 Datacenter64 GB1 TB 
    Windows Server 2008 Enterprise64 GB1 TB 
    Windows Server 2008 HPC Edition 128 GB 
    Windows Server 2008 Standard4 GB32 GB 
    Windows Server 2008 for Itanium-Based Systems  2 TB
    Windows Small Business Server 20084 GB32 GB 
    Windows Web Server 20084 GB32 GB 

     

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows Vista

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows Vista.

    VersionLimit on X86Limit on X64
    Windows Vista Ultimate4 GB128 GB
    Windows Vista Enterprise4 GB128 GB
    Windows Vista Business4 GB128 GB
    Windows Vista Home Premium4 GB16 GB
    Windows Vista Home Basic4 GB8 GB
    Windows Vista Starter1 GB 

     

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows Home Server

    Windows Home Server is available only in a 32-bit edition. The physical memory limit is 4 GB.

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows Server 2003 R2

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows Server 2003 R2. Limits over 4 GB for 32-bit Windows assume that PAE is enabled.

    VersionLimit on X86Limit on X64
    Windows Server 2003 R2 Datacenter Edition64 GB
    (16 GB with 4GT)    		1 TB
    Windows Server 2003 R2 Enterprise Edition64 GB
    (16 GB with 4GT)    		1 TB
    Windows Server 2003 R2 Standard Edition4 GB32 GB

     

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 2 (SP2)

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 2 (SP2). Limits over 4 GB for 32-bit Windows assume that PAE is enabled.

    VersionLimit on X86Limit on X64Limit on IA64
    Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 2 (SP2), Datacenter Edition64 GB
    (16 GB with 4GT)    		1 TB2 TB
    Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 2 (SP2), Enterprise Edition64 GB
    (16 GB with 4GT)    		1 TB2 TB
    Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 2 (SP2), Standard Edition4 GB32 GB 

     

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 1 (SP1)

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 1 (SP1). Limits over 4 GB for 32-bit Windows assume that PAE is enabled.

    VersionLimit on X86Limit on X64Limit on IA64
    Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 1 (SP1), Datacenter Edition64 GB
    (16 GB with 4GT)    		X64 1 TB1 TB
    Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 1 (SP1), Enterprise Edition64 GB
    (16 GB with 4GT)    		X64 1 TB1 TB
    Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 1 (SP1), Standard Edition4 GB32 GB 

     

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows Server 2003

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows Server 2003. Limits over 4 GB for 32-bit Windows assume that PAE is enabled.

    VersionLimit on X86Limit on IA64
    Windows Server 2003, Datacenter Edition64 GB
    (16 GB with 4GT)    		512 GB
    Windows Server 2003, Enterprise Edition64 GB
    (16 GB with 4GT)    		512 GB
    Windows Server 2003, Standard Edition4 GB 
    Windows Server 2003, Web Edition2 GB 
    Windows Small Business Server 20034 GB 
    Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003 32 GB
    Windows Storage Server 2003, Enterprise Edition8 GB 
    Windows Storage Server 20034 GB 

     

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows XP

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows XP.

    VersionLimit on X86Limit on X64Limit on IA64
    Windows XP4 GB128 GB128 GB (not supported)
    Windows XP Starter Edition512 MBN/AN/A

     

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows Embedded

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows Embedded.

    VersionLimit on X86Limit on X64
    Windows XP Embedded4 GB 
    Windows Embedded Standard 20094 GB 
    Windows Embedded Standard 74 GB192 GB

     

    How graphics cards and other devices affect memory limits

    Devices have to map their memory below 4 GB for compatibility with non-PAE-aware Windows releases. Therefore, if the system has 4GB of RAM, some of it is either disabled or is remapped above 4GB by the BIOS. If the memory is remapped, X64 Windows can use this memory. X86 client versions of Windows don’t support physical memory above the 4GB mark, so they can’t access these remapped regions. Any X64 Windows or X86 Server release can.

    X86 client versions with PAE enabled do have a usable 37-bit (128 GB) physical address space. The limit that these versions impose is the highest permitted physical RAM address, not the size of the IO space. That means PAE-aware drivers can actually use physical space above 4 GB if they want. For example, drivers could map the "lost" memory regions located above 4 GB and expose this memory as a RAM disk.

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