解决apt-get 依赖版本过高(Depends: AAA(>= BBB)but it is not going to install)的问题

博客提及使用相关工具进行自动降级,但未明确具体工具。涉及apt - get、Depends、install等内容,推测与软件安装、依赖处理相关的自动降级操作。

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使用 aptitude进行自动降级

root@yolubt:~/kvm-offline# sudo apt install apt-rdepends Reading package lists... Donelibvirt-daemon-system | grep -v "^Reverse" > full-deps.list Building dependency tree... Done Reading state information... Done You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these. The following packages have unmet dependencies: apt-rdepends : Depends: libapt-pkg-perl but it is not going to be installed cpu-checker : Depends: msr-tools but it is not going to be installed libvirt-clients : Depends: libvirt0 (= 8.0.0-1ubuntu7.11) but it is not going to be installed libvirt-daemon-system : Depends: libvirt-daemon (= 8.0.0-1ubuntu7.11) but it is not going to be installed Depends: libvirt-daemon-config-network (= 8.0.0-1ubuntu7.11) but it is not going to be installed Depends: libvirt-daemon-config-nwfilter (= 8.0.0-1ubuntu7.11) but it is not going to be installed Depends: libvirt-daemon-system-systemd (= 8.0.0-1ubuntu7.11) but it is not going to be installed or libvirt-daemon-system-sysv (= 8.0.0-1ubuntu7.11) but it is not going to be installed Recommends: dnsmasq-base Recommends: mdevctl but it is not going to be installed Recommends: swtpm-tools but it is not going to be installed qemu-system-x86 : Depends: libfdt1 (>= 1.6.1) but it is not going to be installed Depends: libibverbs1 (>= 28) but it is not going to be installed Depends: libjpeg8 (>= 8c) but it is not going to be installed Depends: libpixman-1-0 (>= 0.19.6) but it is not going to be installed Depends: libpmem1 (>= 1.4) but it is not going to be installed Depends: librdmacm1 (>= 1.0.15) but it is not going to be installed Depends: libslirp0 (>= 4.0.0) but it is not going to be installed Depends: liburing2 (>= 2.0) but it is not going to be installed Depends: qemu-system-common (= 1:6.2+dfsg-2ubuntu6.26) but it is not going to be installed Depends: qemu-system-data (> 1:6.2+dfsg-2ubuntu6.26~) but it is not going to be installed Depends: seabios but it is not going to be installed Depends: ipxe-qemu but it is not going to be installed Depends: ipxe-qemu-256k-compat-efi-roms but it is not going to be installed Recommends: qemu-system-gui (= 1:6.2+dfsg-2ubuntu6.26) but it is not going to be installed Recommends: qemu-utils but it is not going to be installed Recommends: ovmf but it is not going to be installed Recommends: qemu-block-extra (= 1:6.2+dfsg-2ubuntu6.26) but it is not going to be installed virtinst : Depends: xorriso but it is not going to be installed Depends: gir1.2-libosinfo-1.0 but it is not going to be installed Depends: python3-libvirt (>= 0.4.6) but it is not going to be installed Depends: python3-libxml2 but it is not going to be installed Recommends: qemu-utils but it is not going to be installed Recommends: virt-viewer but it is not going to be installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
最新发布
07-15
<think>好的,用户现在遇到了依赖问题,无法安装apt-rdepends和其他软件包。之前他们尝试离线安装KVM,但依赖问题一直存在。用户可能是在一个没有网络连接的环境中操作,所以需要彻底解决依赖关系。 首先,用户执行了sudo apt install apt-rdepends,但系统提示有未满足的依赖,比如libapt-pkg-perl、msr-tools等。这说明系统中存在破损的依赖关系,可能是因为之前安装的包没有正确完成依赖安装。 我需要分析问题根源。用户之前尝试用dpkg -i *.deb安装所有包,但这种方法不会自动处理依赖关系,导致许多依赖未被满足。现在用户想通过apt-rdepends来获取依赖树,但apt-rdepends本身也有依赖,无法安装。 解决方案应该是先修复现有的破损依赖。用户需要运行apt --fix-broken install,但这个命令需要网络连接来下载缺失的依赖包。然而,用户处于离线环境,所以这一步无法完成。因此,用户需要找到另一种方法来获取这些依赖包。 可能的解决步骤包括: 1. 在另一台相同版本的Ubuntu机器上联网,使用apt-get install --download-only下载所需的依赖包。 2. 将这些包转移到目标机器,手动安装。 3. 创建本地仓库以便后续安装管理。 需要详细说明如何在联网机器上生成完整的依赖列表,并下载所有必要的.deb文件。然后指导用户如何将这些文件传输到离线机器,并使用dpkg或本地仓库进行安装。 同时,要提醒用户注意包版本的一致性,确保两台机器的Ubuntu版本相同,避免版本不兼容导致的问题。此外,可能需要处理推荐包和建议包,虽然它们不是严格依赖,但可能影响功能。 最后,验证安装是否成功,检查服务状态,确认KVM模块加载正常,并测试虚拟机创建流程。 </think>当前系统存在多个依赖关系损坏问题,根本原因是之前强制安装的.deb包未满足依赖链。完整解决方案如下: ### 1. 破损依赖修复方案 ```bash # 在相同版本Ubuntu联网环境中执行: mkdir -p kvm-deps cd kvm-deps # 下载核心依赖修复包(需提前用apt-cache depends获取依赖apt-get download libapt-pkg-perl msr-tools libvirt0 qemu-system-common \ ipxe-qemu seabios xorriso gir1.2-libosinfo-1.0 python3-libvirt \ python3-libxml2 libfdt1 libpixman-1-0 liburing2 # 创建修复包列表 cat > repair.list <<EOF libapt-pkg-perl msr-tools libvirt0 qemu-system-common ipxe-qemu seabios xorriso gir1.2-libosinfo-1.0 python3-libvirt python3-libxml2 libfdt1 libpixman-1-0 liburing2 EOF ``` ### 2. 内网服务器修复步骤 ```bash # 将kvm-deps目录拷贝到目标服务器后执行: dpkg -i *.deb # 强制安装基础依赖 # 修复破损依赖(此时应能成功) apt --fix-broken install # 验证关键依赖关系 ldd /usr/sbin/libvirtd | grep "not found" # 检查动态库依赖 ``` ### 3. 完整依赖树构建方案 ```bash # 在联网环境中生成完整依赖树: apt-rdepends --state-follow=Depends --state-show=Depends \ qemu-system-x86 libvirt-daemon-system | grep -v "^Reverse" > full.list # 批量下载所有依赖包: mkdir -p kvm-full && cd kvm-full while read pkg; do apt-get download $pkg; done < ../full.list # 创建本地仓库(在kvm-full目录执行): dpkg-scanpackages . /dev/null | gzip -9c > Packages.gz echo "deb [trusted=yes] file:/$(pwd) ./" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kvm-full.list apt update ``` ### 4. 最终安装验证 ```bash # 安装核心组件: apt install -y qemu-system-x86 libvirt-daemon-system # 启动服务并验证: systemctl enable libvirtd --now virsh list --all # 检查KVM支持状态: kvm-ok lsmod | grep kvm ``` ### 关键问题说明 1. **依赖问题**:libvirt-daemon-system同时依赖libvirt-clients和libvirt0,必须确保版本一致 2. **架构差异**:检查所有包架构是否匹配(amd64),使用`dpkg -I package.deb | grep "Architecture"`验证 3. **动态库检查**:使用`ldd /usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64`验证底层库依赖完整性
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