六级语法
一、长难句简化
1、三脱法
- 脱插入语(双逗号之间)
- 脱介词短语/to do 不定式 (从后往前)
- 脱从句(连接词——其后第二个动词前)
二、三大基本机构
1、主谓宾——干什么——及物动词
新娘嫁人了
2、主系表——是什么——系动词
新郎不是我
3、主谓——不及物动词
我哭了
三、动词
1、实义动词
- 及物——有对象——buy eat love have
- 不及物——无需对象——die run walk
2、系动词——可用be替换
3、助词(伴郎、伴娘)
- will can should don’t
- eg: I can love you.
四、三大特殊结构
1、主谓宾宾
I give you a book —— I give a book for you
2、主谓宾补(宾补之间可以加一个be动词)
I make you is happy
3、强调句
it is…that/who…
如何判断是一个强调句?
去除it is … that …,句子仍完整
五、句子成分
1、主角
主语 宾语 表语
2、修饰
定语 状语 同位语
定语
- 修饰名词:前置定语简单往前放,后置定语复杂往后放
状语
- 修饰形容词、动词、句子
同位语
- 修饰且等于名词。I love you,Li.
3、介宾结构
介词后面只能加以下宾语:
- 名词
- 宾格——me、us
- doing
六、主宾表从句
1、从句完整——用that(无意思)/whether-是否
- That you pass CET is an undoubted fact.——从句完整。
- The problem is whether you are really diligent. ——从句完整
2、从句缺人——用who(在从句中作主语)/whom(宾语)
- Who laughs last laughs best.
- 爱我的人是你。who loves me is you.
- Whom I trust is you. ——的人
- 我爱的人是你。Whom I love is you.
3、从句缺物——用what
- What I love is music.
4、从句需状语——用when(时间)where(地点) why(原因) how(方式)
- I forget where/when/why/how I met you.
七、定状同从句
1、同位语从句
-
99%用that
-
从句本身完整
-
等同于抽象名词,即可以用同从来解释——idea suggestion fact belief
2、定语从句
- 修饰名词的句子
- 简答前置,复杂后置。
修饰人:
- who: I love the girl who is an artist. (who作主语)
- whom: I love the girl whom you love.(whom作后一个love 的宾语)
修饰物:
- I love the dog which/that you recommend.
修饰前面的句子:(表示总结)
- I love the girl, which is true.
- China’s economy is developing rapidly, which makes Chinese popular.
特殊情况:介词+which
- in which:
- of which:
- 连词在从句中作宾语时可以省略
练习:
- I love this girl who is standing/stands in the swimming pool.
- People in the world recommend the book which/that you bought last year.(独一无二的、特指的加the)
3、状语从句
- 结果状语从句——so…that,——太…以至于…
- 一般修饰主干和全句的。
补充
1、to do ——未完成;某一次
-
I want to sing.
-
I like to drink beer with you.
2、V-ing—— 习惯;持续
- she likes drinking beer.
- You stop singing.
六级作文
一、常用句
I think —— I cling to the idea that you are right. ( 同位语从句)
An idea was raised that practice makes perfect.(同位语从古 )