Ubuntu为Tomcat启用80端口

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本文详细介绍了如何使用Tomcat进行服务器部署调试，并指导如何将应用打包部署至Tomcat服务器，包括创建必要文件和配置。

一、tomcat部署调试

Update the package repository

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade --show-upgrades

Install the authbind package

sudo apt-get install authbind

This package allows non-root users to bind to ports below 1024. Install the tomcat7 package

sudo apt-get install tomcat7

The tomcat7-docs, tomcat7-examples,and tomcat7-admin packages aren't required to deploy and maintain a web application. These packages can be skipped unless they are truly needed.

A new user "tomcat7" with primary group "tomcat7" will be created.

Enable authbind
Open a text editor like vim and load the default tomcat configuration file

nano /etc/default/tomcat7

Remove the comment hash "#" in front of the authbind property and set the value to "yes"

AUTHBIND=yes

Create authbind bind permission files for ports 80 and 443. Authbind will loop through the directory structure and try to find a byPort file referencing the port number attempting to be bound. Authorization will be granted if the user attempting to bind has execute permission.

touch /etc/authbind/byport/80
touch /etc/authbind/byport/443
chmod 0755 /etc/authbind/byport/80
chmod 0755 /etc/authbind/byport/443
chown tomcat7:tomcat7 /etc/authbind/byport/80
chown tomcat7:tomcat7 /etc/authbind/byport/443

Change the Tomcat Port from 8080/8443 to 80/443
Open a text editor like vim and load the server configuration file

nano /etc/tomcat7/server.xml

Find the connector for port 8080 to port 80 and the redirect port from 8443 to 443:

<Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1" 
connectiontimeout="20000" uriencoding="UTF-8" 
redirectport="443">
</Connector>

Restart the Tomcat service

sudo service tomcat7 restart

View the catalina.out log after restart and look for any errors. If you see permission denied errors, then you may have missed a step like:
Forgetting to uncomment the AuthBind setting and putting it to "yes"
Forgetting to restart the tomcat7 service as sudo

最后运行netstat -ant，查看80端口是否起来。

二、应用部署

tomcat配置成功后需要将开发的应用部署到tomcat服务器中。步骤如下：

1、将应用打包为ROOT.war

2、在/usr/share/tomcat7中创建logs目录

cd /usr/share/tomcat7
sudo mkdir logs
sudo chmod 755 logs

3、创建ROOT.xml文件内容如下：

<!-- The contents of this file will be loaded for each web application -->


<Context path="" docBase="/usr/share/tomcat7/ROOT.war" displayName="Tomcat_1" reload="false" 
        debug="0" privileged="true">

    <!-- Default set of monitored resources -->

    <WatchedResource>WEB-INF/web.xml</WatchedResource>

</Context>

其中 docBase="/usr/share/tomcat7/ROOT.war"指向应用部署所在文件地址。

4、重启tomcat

sudo service tomcat7 restart

提示信息如下：

 * Stopping Tomcat servlet engine tomcat7
   ...done.
 * Starting Tomcat servlet engine tomcat7
   ...done.

5、启动完毕后登陆应用地址查看。如还不成功请则将ROOT.xml文件拷贝到如下目录中，重复tomcat即可。

/var/lib/tomcat7/conf/Catalina/localhost