Nginx安装笔记(二)

3、编译安装PHP（FastCGI模式）

tar -zxvf php-5.2.10.tar.gz
//下面一步针对php-5.3.3的版本不需要执行，直接编译即可
gzip -cd php-5.2.10-fpm-0.5.11.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.10 -p1
cd php-5.2.10/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-ftp
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
make install
cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
cd ../
curl http://pear.php.net/go-pear | /usr/local/php/bin/php

　　4、编译安装PHP5扩展模块

-----------------------------------memcache---------------------------------------
tar -zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
cd memcache-2.2.5/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

-----------------------------------eaccelerator------------------------------------
tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2
cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.3/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

-----------------------------------PDO_MYSQL------------------------------------
tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
make
make install
cd ../

-----------------------------------PDO_MYSQL------------------------------------
tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz
cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

-----------------------------------imagick------------------------------------
tar zxvf imagick-2.2.2.tgz
cd imagick-2.2.2/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

　　5、修改php.ini文件
　　   手工修改： 

      查找/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"
　　修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"
　　并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：
　　extension = "memcache.so"
　　extension = "pdo_mysql.so"
　　extension = "imagick.so"

　　再查找output_buffering = Off
　　修改为output_buffering = On

　　   自动修改：若嫌手工修改麻烦，可执行以下shell命令，自动完成对php.ini文件的修改：

sed -i 's#extension_dir = "./"#extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"\nextension = "memcache.so"\nextension = "pdo_mysql.so"\nextension = "imagick.so"\n#' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's#output_buffering = Off#output_buffering = On#' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i "s#; always_populate_raw_post_data = On#always_populate_raw_post_data = On#g" /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

　　6、配置eAccelerator加速PHP：

mkdir -p /usr/local/eaccelerator_cache
cat >>/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini<<EOF
[eaccelerator]
zend_extension=”/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so”
eaccelerator.shm_size=”64″
eaccelerator.cache_dir=”/usr/local/eaccelerator_cache”
eaccelerator.enable=”1″
eaccelerator.optimizer=”1″
eaccelerator.check_mtime=”1″
eaccelerator.debug=”0″
eaccelerator.filter=”"
eaccelerator.shm_max=”0″
eaccelerator.shm_ttl=”3600″
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period=”3600″
eaccelerator.shm_only=”0″
eaccelerator.compress=”1″
eaccelerator.compress_level=”9″
eaccelerator.keys = “disk_only”
eaccelerator.sessions = “disk_only”
eaccelerator.content = “disk_only”
EOF

　　7、创建www用户和组，以及供虚拟主机使用的目录：

/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www
mkdir -p /web/www
chmod +w /web/www
chown -R www:www /web/www
mkdir -p /www/html/www.lnmp.com
chmod +w /www/html/www.lnmp.com
chown -R www:www /www/html/www.lnmp.com

 

 

　　8、创建php-fpm配置文件（php-fpm是为PHP打的一个FastCGI管理补丁，可以平滑变更php.ini配置而无需重启php-cgi）：
　　在/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/目录中创建php-fpm.conf文件：

rm -f /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

　　输入以下内容（如果您安装 Nginx + PHP 用于程序调试，请将以下的<value name="display_errors">0</value>改为<value name="display_errors">1</value>，以便显示PHP错误信息，否则，Nginx 会报状态为500的空白错误页）：  

 

<?xml version="1.0" ?>   
<configuration>   
   
  All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix     
   
  <section name="global_options">   
   
      Pid file     
      <value name="pid_file">/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value>   
   
      Error log file     
      <value name="error_log">/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value>   
   
      Log level     
      <value name="log_level">notice</value>   
   
      When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...     
      <value name="emergency_restart_threshold">10</value>   
   
      ... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.     
      Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.     
      <value name="emergency_restart_interval">1m</value>   
   
      Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master     
      <value name="process_control_timeout">5s</value>   
   
      Set to 'no' to debug fpm     
      <value name="daemonize">yes</value>   
   
  </section>   
   
  <workers>   
   
      <section name="pool">   
   
          Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.     
          <value name="name">default</value>   
   
          Address to accept fastcgi requests on.     
          Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'     
          <value name="listen_address">127.0.0.1:9000</value>   
   
          <value name="listen_options">   
   
              Set listen(2) backlog     
              <value name="backlog">-1</value>   
   
              Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.     
              In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.     
              Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.     
              <value name="owner"></value>   
              <value name="group"></value>   
              <value name="mode">0666</value>   
          </value>   
   
          Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.     
          <value name="php_defines">   
              <value name="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i</value>   
              <value name="display_errors">1</value>   
          </value>   
   
          Unix user of processes     
              <value name="user">www</value>   
   
          Unix group of processes     
              <value name="group">www</value>   
   
          Process manager settings     
          <value name="pm">   
   
              Sets style of controling worker process count.     
              Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like'     
              <value name="style">static</value>   
   
              Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.     
              Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.     
              Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi     
              Used with any pm_style.     
              <value name="max_children">128</value>   
   
              Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style     
              <value name="apache_like">   
   
                  Sets the number of server processes created on startup.     
                  Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected     
                  <value name="StartServers">20</value>   
   
                  Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.     
                  Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected     
                  <value name="MinSpareServers">5</value>   
   
                  Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.     
                  Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected     
                  <value name="MaxSpareServers">35</value>       
              </value>       
          </value>   
   
          The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated     
          Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason     
          '0s' means 'off'     
          <value name="request_terminate_timeout">0s</value>   
   
          The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file     
          '0s' means 'off'     
          <value name="request_slowlog_timeout">0s</value>   
   
          The log file for slow requests     
          <value name="slowlog">logs/slow.log</value>   
   
          Set open file desc rlimit     
          <value name="rlimit_files">65535</value>   
   
          Set max core size rlimit     
          <value name="rlimit_core">0</value>   
   
          Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path     
          <value name="chroot"></value>   
   
          Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path     
          <value name="chdir"></value>   
   
          Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log.     
          If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs     
          <value name="catch_workers_output">yes</value>   
   
          How much requests each process should execute before respawn.     
          Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.     
          For endless request processing please specify 0     
          Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS     
          <value name="max_requests">102400</value>   
   
          Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.     
          Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)     
          Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.     
          <value name="allowed_clients">127.0.0.1</value>   
   
          Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH     
          All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment     
          <value name="environment">   
              <value name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value>   
              <value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value>   
              <value name="TMP">/tmp</value>   
              <value name="TMPDIR">/tmp</value>   
              <value name="TEMP">/tmp</value>   
              <value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value>   
              <value name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value>   
              <value name="MALLOC_CHECK_">2</value>   
          </value>       
      </section>       
  </workers>       
</configuration> 

　　9、启动php-cgi进程，监听127.0.0.1的9000端口，进程数为200（如果服务器内存小于3GB，可以只开启64个进程），用户为www：

ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start

　　注：/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm还有其他参数，包括：start|stop|quit|restart|reload|logrotate，修改php.ini后不重启php-cgi，重新加载配置文件使用reload。