一级缓存是SqlSession级别的缓存。在操作数据库时需要构造sqlSession对象,在对象中有一个数据结构(HashMap)用于存储缓存数据。不同的sqlSession之间的缓存数据区域(HashMap)是互不影响的,当执行commit(insert delete update)时会清除一级缓存,避免脏数据
二级缓存是mapper级别的缓存,多个SqlSession操作同一个Mapper的sql语句,多个SqlSession操作数据库得到的数据会存在二级缓存中,二级缓存是跨SqlSession的
二级缓存与一级缓存的区别,二级缓存的范围更大,多个sqlSession可以共享一个UserMapper的二级缓存区域。每一个Mapper都有一个二级缓存区域(按namespace分),其他mapper也有自己的二级缓存区域(按namespace分)
每一个namespace的mapper都有一个二级缓存区域,两个mapper的namespace如果相同,这两个mapper执行sql查询到的数据将存在同一个二级缓存的区域中
禁用二级缓存:在statement中设置useCache=false,可以禁用当前select语句的二级缓存
刷新二级缓存:在statement中设置flushCache=”true”,刷新缓存(清空),一般执行commit操作后都需要刷新缓存
SqlMapConfig.xml配置
<settings>
<!-- 开启二级缓存 -->
<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
<!-- 懒加载 -->
<setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>
<!-- false:按需加载 true:积极加载 -->
<setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="false"/>
</settings>
Mapper.xml
<mapper namespace="cn.itcast.mybatis.mapper.UserMapper">
<!-- <cache flushInterval="" eviction="" size="" readOnly=""/>-->
<cache flushInterval="100"/><!-- 设置刷新缓存的时间是0.1s -->
<select id="findUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="cn.itcast.mybatis.po.User" useCache="true"><!-- useCache="false"禁用二级缓存 -->
select * from user where id = #{id}
</select>
<insert id="insertUser" parameterType="cn.itcast.mybatis.po.User" flushCache="true"><!-- flushCache="true"表示刷新缓存,默认为true -->
insert into user(username) values(#{username})
</insert>
</mapper>
test.java
public class MybatisFirst {
private static String resource = null;
private static InputStream inputStream;
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
static{
resource = "SqlMapConfig.xml";
try {
inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
}
@Test//测试二级缓存
public void testFindUserById() throws Exception{
//定义三个sqlSession,测试二级缓存
SqlSession sqlSession1 = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
SqlSession sqlSession2 = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
SqlSession sqlSession3 = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
UserMapper userMapper1 = sqlSession1.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
User user1 = userMapper1.findUserById(6);
System.out.println(user1);
System.out.println("-----------------------");
User user2 = userMapper1.findUserById(6);//此处会查询一级缓存
System.out.println(user2);
sqlSession1.close();
//此段代码commit会情况Mapper下的二级缓存,否则有可能脏读
/* User user3 = new User();
user3.setUsername("张明明");
UserMapper userMapper3 = sqlSession3.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
userMapper3.insertUser(user3);
sqlSession3.commit();//提交事物,会刷新(清空)二级缓存
*/
// Thread.sleep(10000);//假设设置的刷新缓存时间是100ms,这里暂停10s,不会从缓存中读数据
//二级缓存,如果上面没有commit(),则不会刷新缓存
UserMapper userMapper2 = sqlSession2.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
User user4 = userMapper2.findUserById(6);//已经开启二级缓存,多个sqlSession共享一个Mapper的二级缓存区
System.out.println(user4);
sqlSession2.close();
}
}