linux top command

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本文介绍了top命令的基本操作方法，包括查看帮助信息、调整显示列、选择排序依据及切换排序顺序等。通过这些交互式指令，用户可以灵活地监控Linux系统的进程状态和资源使用情况。

启动top命令后

1. 输入h,查看帮助

Help for Interactive Commands - procps version 3.2.7 Window 1:Def: Cumulative mode Off. System: Delay 3.0 secs; Secure mode Off. Z,B Global: 'Z' change color mappings; 'B' disable/enable bold l,t,m Toggle Summaries: 'l' load avg; 't' task/cpu stats; 'm' mem info 1,I Toggle SMP view: '1' single/separate states; 'I' Irix/Solaris mode f,o . Fields/Columns: 'f' add or remove; 'o' change display order F or O . Select sort field <,> . Move sort field: '<' next col left; '>' next col right R,H . Toggle: 'R' normal/reverse sort; 'H' show threads c,i,S . Toggle: 'c' cmd name/line; 'i' idle tasks; 'S' cumulative time x,y . Toggle highlights: 'x' sort field; 'y' running tasks z,b . Toggle: 'z' color/mono; 'b' bold/reverse (only if 'x' or 'y') u . Show specific user only n or # . Set maximum tasks displayed k,r Manipulate tasks: 'k' kill; 'r' renice d or s Set update interval W Write configuration file q Quit ( commands shown with '.' require a visible task display window ) Press 'h' or '?' for help with Windows, any other key to continue

2. 输入o，移动显示列号

Current Fields: AEHIOTWQNMKbcdfgplrsuvyzXj for window 1:Def Upper case letter moves field left, lower case right * A: PID = Process Id 0x00000001 PF_ALIGNWARN * E: USER = User Name 0x00000002 PF_STARTING * H: PR = Priority 0x00000004 PF_EXITING * I: NI = Nice value 0x00000040 PF_FORKNOEXEC * O: VIRT = Virtual Image (kb) 0x00000100 PF_SUPERPRIV * T: SHR = Shared Mem size (kb) 0x00000200 PF_DUMPCORE * W: S = Process Status 0x00000400 PF_SIGNALED * Q: RES = Resident size (kb) 0x00000800 PF_MEMALLOC * N: %MEM = Memory usage (RES) 0x00002000 PF_FREE_PAGES (2.5) * M: TIME+ = CPU Time, hundredths 0x00008000 debug flag (2.5) * K: %CPU = CPU usage 0x00024000 special threads (2.5) b: PPID = Parent Process Pid 0x001D0000 special states (2.5) c: RUSER = Real user name 0x00100000 PF_USEDFPU (thru 2.4) d: UID = User Id f: GROUP = Group Name g: TTY = Controlling Tty p: SWAP = Swapped size (kb) l: TIME = CPU Time r: CODE = Code size (kb) s: DATA = Data+Stack size (kb) u: nFLT = Page Fault count v: nDRT = Dirty Pages count y: WCHAN = Sleeping in Function z: Flags = Task Flags <sched.h> * X: COMMAND = Command name/line j: P = Last used cpu (SMP)

3. 输入O，选择排序列

Current Sort Field: M for window 1:Def Select sort field via field letter, type any other key to return a: PID = Process Id If a selected sort field can't be b: PPID = Parent Process Pid shown due to screen width or your c: RUSER = Real user name field order, the '<' and '>' keys d: UID = User Id will be unavailable until a field e: USER = User Name within viewable range is chosen. f: GROUP = Group Name g: TTY = Controlling Tty Note2: h: PR = Priority Field sorting uses internal values, i: NI = Nice value not those in column display. Thus, j: P = Last used cpu (SMP) the TTY & WCHAN fields will violate k: %CPU = CPU usage strict ASCII collating sequence. l: TIME = CPU Time (shame on you if WCHAN is chosen) * M: TIME+ = CPU Time, hundredths n: %MEM = Memory usage (RES) o: VIRT = Virtual Image (kb) p: SWAP = Swapped size (kb) q: RES = Resident size (kb) r: CODE = Code size (kb) s: DATA = Data+Stack size (kb) t: SHR = Shared Mem size (kb) u: nFLT = Page Fault count v: nDRT = Dirty Pages count w: S = Process Status x: COMMAND = Command name/line y: WCHAN = Sleeping in Function z: Flags = Task Flags <sched.h>

4. 输入R，正排或者逆排