Spring MVC 环境搭建

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已于 2022-03-20 22:08:09 修改

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分类专栏： spring 文章标签： mvc spring java

于 2022-03-19 20:19:46 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/nininini20/article/details/123564919

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1、模板创建webapp项目

后面的文件名、文件存放地址等配置按照自己需要的配置就好

2、修改配置文件pom.xml

在<dependencys>标签中添加依赖

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.3.16</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>5.3.16</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.16</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

3、添加tomcat插件

pom.xml文件中的<build>标签下的<plugins>标签中添加插件，然后配置项目运行相关配置

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
  <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.2</version>
  <configuration>
    <port>8080</port>
    <path>/spring-mvc</path>
  </configuration>
</plugin>

4、web.xml中配置前端控制器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee 
   http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
  
  <!-- 配置Spring MVC前端核心控制器 -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>
      org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
    </servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <!-- contextConfigLocation为默认值-->
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc-config.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <!-- 配置服务器启动后立即加载Spring MVC配置文件 -->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <!--/:拦截所有请求（除了jsp）-->
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

5、配置处理器映射信息和视图解析器

在resources文件夹中创建springmvc-config.xml文件

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!-- 配置包扫描器，扫描@Controller注解的类 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima.controller" />
    <!-- 加载MVC注解驱动 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
    <bean class=
                  "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>
</beans>

6、配置TestController测试类

package com.itheima.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/firstController")
public class TestController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/test")
    public String test(){
        System.out.println("TestController Test...");
        // 设定具体跳转页面
        return "hello";
    }
}

7、在/WEB-INF/pages目录下创建hello.jsp文件

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h2>Spring MVC FirstController!</h2>
</body>
</html>