Linux 系统 LVM 磁盘分区、格式化、挂载

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本文详细介绍了在Linux环境下如何使用fdisk进行磁盘分区，包括查看磁盘分区、创建新的分区并将其配置为Linux LVM。进一步讲解了如何通过pvcreate、vgcreate和lvcreate命令创建物理卷、卷组和逻辑卷，以及如何格式化、挂载逻辑卷，并设置开机自动挂载。

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查看磁盘分区：

fdisk -l

查看指定磁盘分区表：

fdisk -l

[root@SGH1VESPTST04 ~]# fdisk  -l

Disk /dev/sda: 644.2 GB, 644245094400 bytes, 1258291200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00077b3c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048      411647      204800   83  Linux
/dev/sda2          411648   104857599    52222976   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda3       104857600  1258291199   576716800   83  Linux 

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos7-root: 53.5 GB, 53473181696 bytes, 104439808 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

fdisk /dev/sda

n→p→回车→回车→+200G（或者回车：代表全部分给）→p→n→t→8e→p→w

reboot

fdisk -l

[root@SGH1VESPTST04 ~]# fdisk  -l

Disk /dev/sda: 644.2 GB, 644245094400 bytes, 1258291200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00077b3c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048      411647      204800   83  Linux
/dev/sda2          411648   104857599    52222976   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda3       104857600  1258291199   576716800   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos7-root: 53.5 GB, 53473181696 bytes, 104439808 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

准备物理卷：

pvcreate /dev/sda3

使用以下命令检查物理卷的创建情况：

pvdisplay

使用下列命令可以删除物理卷：

pvremove /dev/sda3

准备卷组（VG）:

vgcreate vg_cc /dev/sda3

使用以下命令可以验证卷组：

vgdisplay

使用以下命令删除卷组：

vgremove vg_cc

创建逻辑卷（LV）:

lvcreate -L 150G -n lv_docker vg_cc

使用以下命令查看逻辑卷：

lvdisplay

现在逻辑卷已经准备好了，我们可以格式化和挂在逻辑卷

mkfs.xfs /dev/vg_cc/lv_docker

mkdir /var/lib/docker

mount /dev/vg_cc/lv_docker /var/lib/docker

一旦逻辑卷挂载，我们就可以在挂载点上/var/lib/docker 上写东西了。要创建其他挂载点，可以重复这个过程。

设置开机自启动：

查看分区挂载点的 UUID：

blkid

blkid | awk '{print $2}'

[root@SGH1VESPTST04 ~]# blkid
/dev/mapper/vg_centos7-root: UUID="919bf46a-4b59-4174-8bd2-9bb79f13a338" TYPE="xfs" 
/dev/sda2: UUID="5P1RHA-J4do-9YKR-e1uB-CysT-cmAq-QathT2" TYPE="LVM2_member" 
/dev/sda1: UUID="bb132ec7-b90e-45cd-8e3b-18539366bbff" TYPE="xfs" 
/dev/sda3: UUID="No5Jm6-4tRn-SUOv-g5Pj-ij3C-cAeR-Hj38yL" TYPE="LVM2_member" 
/dev/mapper/vg_cc-lv_docker: UUID="8103761e-e905-4130-9ee1-1b1e82417cfe" TYPE="xfs" 
/dev/mapper/vg_cc-lv_kubelet: UUID="169c4dba-9d04-41ca-b9e5-d7b1d39b82d5" TYPE="xfs" 
/dev/mapper/vg_cc-lv_glusterfs: UUID="1120d1d4-283c-4fa4-87d6-87777bc77c07" TYPE="xfs" 
[root@SGH1VESPTST04 ~]#

echo "UUID=8103761e-e905-4130-9ee1-1b1e82417cfe /dev/mapper/vg_cc-lv_docker xfs defaults 0 0" >>/etc/fstab

cat /etc/fstab

[root@SGH1VESPTST04 ~]# cat /etc/fstab 

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Fri Jan 26 16:50:17 2018
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/vg_centos7-root                     /                               xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=bb132ec7-b90e-45cd-8e3b-18539366bbff       /boot                           xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=169c4dba-9d04-41ca-b9e5-d7b1d39b82d5       /dev/mapper/vg_cc-lv_kubelet    xfs     defaults        0 0 
UUID=1120d1d4-283c-4fa4-87d6-87777bc77c07       /dev/mapper/vg_cc-lv_glusterfs  xfs     defaults        0 0 
UUID=8103761e-e905-4130-9ee1-1b1e82417cfe       /dev/mapper/vg_cc-lv_docker     xfs     defaults        0 0 
[root@SGH1VESPTST04 ~]#

df -Th

[root@SGH1VESPTST04 ~]# 
[root@SGH1VESPTST04 ~]# df -Th
Filesystem                     Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_centos7-root    xfs        50G  1.6G   49G   4% /
devtmpfs                       devtmpfs   16G     0   16G   0% /dev
tmpfs                          tmpfs      16G     0   16G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                          tmpfs      16G  8.5M   16G   1% /run
tmpfs                          tmpfs      16G     0   16G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                      xfs       197M  167M   31M  85% /boot
tmpfs                          tmpfs     3.2G     0  3.2G   0% /run/user/10159
/dev/mapper/vg_cc-lv_docker    xfs       150G   33M  150G   1% /var/lib/docker
/dev/mapper/vg_cc-lv_glusterfs xfs       300G   33M  300G   1% /gluster
/dev/mapper/vg_cc-lv_kubelet   xfs       100G   33M  100G   1% /var/lib/kubelet
[root@SGH1VESPTST04 ~]#