NanoHTTPD----SimpleWebServer初始化

这篇博客介绍了如何使用NanoHTTPD创建一个简单的Web服务器。首先,SimpleWebServer类继承自NanoHTTPD,初始化过程中设置默认的index文件。接着,在main函数中,通过调用ServerRunner的executeInstance方法启动SimpleWebServer实例,从而启动服务器。

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SimpleWebServer继承于NanoHTTPD

启动的时候,首先初始化index文件

    public static final List<String> INDEX_FILE_NAMES = new ArrayList<String>() {

        {
            add("index.html");
            add("index.htm");
        }
    };

初始化 mimeType和LICENCE

    public static Map<String, String> mimeTypes() {
        if (MIME_TYPES == null) {
            MIME_TYPES = new HashMap<String, String>();
            loadMimeTypes(MIME_TYPES, "META-INF/nanohttpd/default-mimetypes.properties");
            loadMimeTypes(MIME_TYPES, "META-INF/nanohttpd/mimetypes.properties");
            if (MIME_TYPES.isEmpty()) {
                LOG.log(Level.WARNING, "no mime types found in the classpath! please provide mimetypes.properties");
            }
        }
        return MIME_TYPES;
    }
看一下这个文件default-mimetypes.properties

然后进入main函数

    /**
     * Starts as a standalone file server and waits for Enter.
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Defaults
        int port = 8080;//端口号

        String host = null; // bind to all interfaces by default
        List<File> rootDirs = new ArrayList<File>();
        boolean quiet = false;
        String cors = null;
        Map<String, String> options = new HashMap<String, String>();

        // Parse command-line, with short and long versions of the options.
        for (int i = 0; i < args.length; ++i) {//解析命令行参数
            if ("-h".equalsIgnoreCase(args[i]) || "--host".equalsIgnoreCase(args[i])) {//主机
                host = args[i + 1];
            } else if ("-p".equalsIgnoreCase(args[i]) || "--port".equalsIgnoreCase(args[i])) {//端口
                port = Integer.parseInt(args[i + 1]);
            } else if ("-q".equalsIgnoreCase(args[i]) || "--quiet".equalsIgnoreCase(args[i])) {//安静模式
                quiet = true;
            } else if ("-d".equalsIgnoreCase(args[i]) || "--dir".equalsIgnoreCase(args[i])) {//根目录
                rootDirs.add(new File(args[i + 1]).getAbsoluteFile());
            } else if (args[i].startsWith("--cors")) {
                cors = "*";
                int equalIdx = args[i].indexOf('=');
                if (equalIdx > 0) {
                    cors = args[i].substring(equalIdx + 1);
                }
            } else if ("--licence".equalsIgnoreCase(args[i])) {//许可证
                System.out.println(SimpleWebServer.LICENCE + "\n");
            } else if (args[i].startsWith("-X:")) {
                int dot = args[i].indexOf('=');
                if (dot > 0) {
                    String name = args[i].substring(0, dot);
                    String value = args[i].substring(dot + 1, args[i].length());
                    options.put(name, value);
                }
            }
        }

        if (rootDirs.isEmpty()) {//如果为空,添加当前目录
            rootDirs.add(new File(".").getAbsoluteFile());
        }
        options.put("host", host);
        options.put("port", "" + port);
        options.put("quiet", String.valueOf(quiet));
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (File dir : rootDirs) {
            if (sb.length() > 0) {
                sb.append(":");
            }
            try {
                sb.append(dir.getCanonicalPath());
            } catch (IOException ignored) {
            }
        }
        options.put("home", sb.toString());
        ServiceLoader<WebServerPluginInfo> serviceLoader = ServiceLoader.load(WebServerPluginInfo.class);
        for (WebServerPluginInfo info : serviceLoader) {
            String[] mimeTypes = info.getMimeTypes();
            for (String mime : mimeTypes) {
                String[] indexFiles = info.getIndexFilesForMimeType(mime);
                if (!quiet) {
                    System.out.print("# Found plugin for Mime type: \"" + mime + "\"");
                    if (indexFiles != null) {
                        System.out.print(" (serving index files: ");
                        for (String indexFile : indexFiles) {
                            System.out.print(indexFile + " ");
                        }
                    }
                    System.out.println(").");
                }
                registerPluginForMimeType(indexFiles, mime, info.getWebServerPlugin(mime), options);
            }
        }
        ServerRunner.executeInstance(new SimpleWebServer(host, port, rootDirs, quiet, cors));
    }

最后调用ServerRunner.executeInstance启动SimpleWebServer,这里构造了一个SimpleWebServer

    public SimpleWebServer(String host, int port, List<File> wwwroots, boolean quiet, String cors) {
        super(host, port);
        this.quiet = quiet;
        this.cors = cors;
        this.rootDirs = new ArrayList<File>(wwwroots);

        init();
    }
quite表示安静模式,是否打印客户端请求的相关信息,cors用于跨域访问

继承NanoHTTPD

    /**
     * Constructs an HTTP server on given hostname and port.
     */
    public NanoHTTPD(String hostname, int port) {
        this.hostname = hostname;
        this.myPort = port;
        setTempFileManagerFactory(new DefaultTempFileManagerFactory());//设置临时文件管理类
        setAsyncRunner(new DefaultAsyncRunner());
    }

这里设置默认的线程策略为DefaultAsyncRunner

再看ServerRunner的executeInstance

 public static void executeInstance(NanoHTTPD server) {
        try {
            server.start(NanoHTTPD.SOCKET_READ_TIMEOUT, false);
        } catch (IOException ioe) {
            System.err.println("Couldn't start server:\n" + ioe);
            System.exit(-1);
        }

        System.out.println("Server started, Hit Enter to stop.\n");

        try {
            System.in.read();//等待读取命令行输入
        } catch (Throwable ignored) {
        }

        server.stop();//断开服务器
        System.out.println("Server stopped.\n");
    }

这里直接调用server的start函数启动server

/**
     * Start the server.
     * 启动Server
     * @param timeout
     *            timeout to use for socket connections.
     * @param daemon
     *            start the thread daemon or not.
     * @throws IOException
     *             if the socket is in use.
     */
    public void start(final int timeout, boolean daemon) throws IOException {//启动server端
        this.myServerSocket = this.getServerSocketFactory().create();
        this.myServerSocket.setReuseAddress(true);//表示在连接还在timewait状态时,就可复用其端口,这个对于大量连接且经常有timewait时适用

        ServerRunnable serverRunnable = createServerRunnable(timeout);//创建Runnable 服务端处理主要线程操作
        this.myThread = new Thread(serverRunnable);//创建线程
        this.myThread.setDaemon(daemon);
        this.myThread.setName("NanoHttpd Main Listener");
        this.myThread.start();//启动线程
        while (!serverRunnable.hasBinded() && serverRunnable.getBindException() == null) {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(10L);
            } catch (Throwable e) {
                // on android this may not be allowed, that's why we
                // catch throwable the wait should be very short because we are
                // just waiting for the bind of the socket
            }
        }
        if (serverRunnable.getBindException() != null) {
            throw serverRunnable.getBindException();
        }
    }

这里首先创建一个ServerSocket,然后会创建一个ServerRunnable,启动线程执行他的run

public void run() {
        try {
            httpd.getMyServerSocket().bind(httpd.hostname != null ? new InetSocketAddress(httpd.hostname, httpd
                    .myPort) : new InetSocketAddress(httpd.myPort));//绑定端口地址
            hasBinded = true;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            this.bindException = e;
            return;
        }
        do {
            try {
                final Socket finalAccept = httpd.getMyServerSocket().accept();//接受请求
                if (this.timeout > 0) {
                    finalAccept.setSoTimeout(this.timeout);//连接状态timeout秒没有收到数据的话强制断开客户端
                }
                final InputStream inputStream = finalAccept.getInputStream();
                httpd.asyncRunner.exec(httpd.createClientHandler(finalAccept, inputStream));
                //首先以socket和inputStream参数创建一个ClientHandler,然后调用NanoHTTPD的asyncRunner执行这个handler
            } catch (IOException e) {
                NanoHTTPD.LOG.log(Level.FINE, "Communication with the client broken", e);
            }
        } while (!httpd.getMyServerSocket().isClosed());
    }

这里绑定ServerSocket,然后接受请求,等待客户端的连接。下一节我们分析一下请求的处理过程




NanoHTTPD是一个免费、轻量级的(只有一个Java文件) HTTP服务器,可以很好地嵌入到Java程序中。支持 GET, POST, PUT, HEAD 和 DELETE 请求,支持文件上传,占用内存很小。可轻松定制临时文件使用和线程模型。NanoHTTPD for JDK 1.1https://github.com/NanoHttpd/nanohttpd/tree/nanohttpd-for-java1.1示例代码:package fi.iki.elonen.debug;   import fi.iki.elonen.NanoHTTPD; import fi.iki.elonen.ServerRunner;   import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map;   public class DebugServer extends NanoHTTPD {     public DebugServer() {         super(8080);     }       public static void main(String[] args) {         ServerRunner.run(DebugServer.class);     }       @Override public Response serve(IHTTPSession session) {         Map<String, List<String>> decodedQueryParameters =             decodeParameters(session.getQueryParameterString());           StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();         sb.append("<html>");         sb.append("<head><title>Debug Server</title></head>");         sb.append("<body>");         sb.append("<h1>Debug Server</h1>");           sb.append("<p><blockquote><b>URI</b> = ").append(             String.valueOf(session.getUri())).append("<br />");           sb.append("<b>Method</b> = ").append(             String.valueOf(session.getMethod())).append("</blockquote></p>");           sb.append("<h3>Headers</h3><p><blockquote>").             append(toString(session.getHeaders())).append("</blockquote></p>");           sb.append("<h3>Parms</h3><p><blockquote>").             append(toString(session.getParms())).append("</blockquote></p>");           sb.append("<h3>Parms (multi values?)</h3><p><blockquote>").             append(toString(decodedQueryParameters)).append("</blockquote></p>");           try {             Map<String, String> files = new HashMap<String, String>();             session.parseBody(files);             sb.append("<h3>Files</h3><p><blockquote>").                 append(toString(files)).append("</blockquote></p>");         } catch (Exception e) {             e.printStackTrace();         }           sb.append("</body>");         sb.append("</html>");         return new Response(sb.toString());     }       private String toString(Map<String, ? extends Object> map) {         if (map.size() == 0) {             return "";         }         return unsortedList(map);     }       private String unsortedList(Map<String, ? extends Object> map) {         StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();         sb.append("<ul>");         for (Map.Entry entry : map.entrySet()) {             listItem(sb, entry);         }         sb.append("</ul>");         return sb.toString();     }       private void listItem(StringBuilder sb, Map.Entry entry) {         sb.append("<li><code><b>").append(entry.getKey()).             append("</b> = ").append(entry.getValue()).append("</code></li>");     } } 标签:NanoHTTPD
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