本文介绍三种Android语音识别方法：使用Intent调用语音识别程序、应用程序直接调用语音识别库和服务方式调用语音识别程序。提供了具体实现代码示例。
Android语音识别的具体实现实例
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Google语音识别
http://www.apkbus.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=3473
http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/wangkuifeng0118/article/details/7251813
本质上这三个实例的代码均来自Android源码
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Android语音识别方法一：使用intent调用语音识别程序
1.说明
以下例程功能为：在应用程序中使用intent来调出语言识别界面，录音并识别后将识别的字串返回给应用程序。注意：使用前需要安装语音识别程序如语音搜索。
2.本例参考自android例程：
development/samples/ApiDemos/src/com/example/android/apis/app/VoiceRecognition.java
3.核心代码及说明
package com.android.mystt1;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.pm.ResolveInfo;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.speech.RecognizerIntent;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ListView;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class MyStt1Activity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
private static final int VOICE_RECOGNITION_REQUEST_CODE = 1234;
private ListView mList; // 显示识别后字串的list控件
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
Button speakButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_speak); // 识别按钮
mList = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list);
PackageManager pm = getPackageManager();
List activities = pm.queryIntentActivities(
new Intent(RecognizerIntent.ACTION_RECOGNIZE_SPEECH), 0); //本地识别程序
// new Intent(RecognizerIntent.ACTION_WEB_SEARCH), 0); // 网络识别程序
if (activities.size() != 0) {
speakButton.setOnClickListener(this);
} else { // 若检测不到语音识别程序在本机安装，测将扭铵置灰
speakButton.setEnabled(false);
speakButton.setText("Recognizer not present");
}
}
public void onClick(View v) {
if (v.getId() == R.id.btn_speak) {
startMysttActivityActivity();
}
}
private void startMysttActivityActivity() { // 开始识别
Intent intent = new Intent(RecognizerIntent.ACTION_RECOGNIZE_SPEECH);
intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_LANGUAGE_MODEL,
RecognizerIntent.LANGUAGE_MODEL_FREE_FORM);
intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_PROMPT, "Speech recognition demo");
startActivityForResult(intent, VOICE_RECOGNITION_REQUEST_CODE);
// 调出识别界面
}
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
if (requestCode == VOICE_RECOGNITION_REQUEST_CODE && resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
// Fill the list view with the strings the recognizer thought it could have heard
ArrayList matches = data.getStringArrayListExtra(
RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_RESULTS);
mList.setAdapter(new ArrayAdapter(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,
matches));
}
// 语音识别后的回调，将识别的字串在list中显示
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
}
}
Android语音识别方法二：应用程序自己调用语音识别库
1.说明
以下例程功能为：应用程序自身调用语言识别函数，程序以循环方式等待录音并识别后的字串。
2.本例参考自android代码：
frameworks/base/core/java/android/speech/srec/Recognizer.java中注释部分
3.核心代码及说明
package com.android.mystt2;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.speech.srec.Recognizer;
import android.speech.srec.MicrophoneInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import android.util.Log;
public class MyStt2Activity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
private TextView mText;
private static final String TAG = "MyStt3Activity";
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
Button speakButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_speak); // 识别扭按
mText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text); // 显示识别后的字串
speakButton.setOnClickListener(this);
}
public void onClick(View v) {
if (v.getId() == R.id.btn_speak) {
test();
}
}
void test() {
try {
InputStream audio = new MicrophoneInputStream(11025, 11025 * 5); //设置输入参数
String cdir = Recognizer.getConfigDir(null); // 获取语音识别配置目录
Recognizer recognizer = new Recognizer(cdir + "/baseline11k.par");
Recognizer.Grammar grammar = recognizer.new Grammar(cdir
+ "/grammars/VoiceDialer.g2g");
grammar.setupRecognizer();
grammar.resetAllSlots();
grammar.compile();
recognizer.start(); // 开始识别
while (true) { // 循环等待识别结果
switch (recognizer.advance()) {
case Recognizer.EVENT_INCOMPLETE:
case Recognizer.EVENT_STARTED:
case Recognizer.EVENT_START_OF_VOICING:
case Recognizer.EVENT_END_OF_VOICING:
continue; // 未完成，继续等待识别结果
case Recognizer.EVENT_RECOGNITION_RESULT:
for (int i = 0; i < recognizer.getResultCount(); i++) { String result = recognizer.getResult(i,
Recognizer.KEY_LITERAL);
Log.d(TAG, "result " + result);
mText.setText(result);
} // 识别到字串，显示并退出循环
break;
case Recognizer.EVENT_NEED_MORE_AUDIO:
recognizer.putAudio(audio) // 需要更多音频数据;
continue;
default:
break;
}
break;
}
recognizer.stop();
recognizer.destroy();
audio.close(); // 回收资源
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.d(TAG, "error", e);
mText.setText("error " + e);
}
}
}
Android语音识别方法三：使用Service调用语音识别程序
1.说明
以下例程功能为：在应用程序中使用通于访问service调用语言识别功能，录音并识别后将识别的字串通过Listener返回给应用程序。注意：使用前需要安装语音识别服务，如编译安装源码中的development/samples/VoiceRecogitionService。
2.本例参考自android源码
a)后台服务
参见development/samples/VoiceRecognitionService/*
此处实现了一个模拟的后台服务，它并未实现真的语音识别，而只是一个框架以示例，编译并安装它，即可在设置的语音输入与输出中看到它，它包含了一个设置界面，当连接这个Service时，如果设置了Letters，则直接返回abc，如果设置了Numbers，则直接返回123
你可以自己实现，用于连接android源码自带的识别引擎srec.
b)前台程序
参见frameworks/base/core/java/android/speech/Recognition*
它与后台Service交互，此段代码实现在应用程序界面中
3.核心代码及说明
package com.android.mystt3;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.speech.RecognitionListener;
import android.speech.RecognizerIntent;
import android.speech.SpeechRecognizer;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import android.util.Log;
public class MyStt3Activity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
private TextView mText;
private SpeechRecognizer sr;
private static final String TAG = "MyStt3Activity";
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
Button speakButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_speak); // 识别按钮
mText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text); // 显示识别字串
speakButton.setOnClickListener(this);
sr = SpeechRecognizer.createSpeechRecognizer(this); // 初始化识别工具，得到句柄
sr.setRecognitionListener(new listener()); // 注册回调类及函数
}
class listener implements RecognitionListener // 回调类的实现
{
public void onReadyForSpeech(Bundle params)
{
Log.d(TAG, "onReadyForSpeech");
}
public void onBeginningOfSpeech()
{
Log.d(TAG, "onBeginningOfSpeech");
}
public void onRmsChanged(float rmsdB)
{
Log.d(TAG, "onRmsChanged");
}
public void onBufferReceived(byte[] buffer)
{
Log.d(TAG, "onBufferReceived");
}
public void onEndOfSpeech()
{
Log.d(TAG, "onEndofSpeech");
}
public void onError(int error)
{
Log.d(TAG, "error " + error);
mText.setText("error " + error);
}
public void onResults(Bundle results) // 返回识别到的数据
{
String str = new String();
Log.d(TAG, "onResults " + results);
ArrayList data = results.getStringArrayList(SpeechRecognizer.RESULTS_RECOGNITION);
for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); i++)
{
Log.d(TAG, "result " + data.get(i));
str += data.get(i);
}
mText.setText(str); // 显示被识别的数据
}
public void onPartialResults(Bundle partialResults)
{
Log.d(TAG, "onPartialResults");
}
public void onEvent(int eventType, Bundle params)
{
Log.d(TAG, "onEvent " + eventType);
}
}
public void onClick(View v) {
if (v.getId() == R.id.btn_speak) {
sr.startListening(new Intent(RecognizerIntent.ACTION_RECOGNIZE_SPEECH));
}
}
}
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