以前做的mysql练习题~

于 2020-02-24 12:16:38 发布
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CC 4.0 BY-SA版权
原文链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/476b52ee4f1b

数据表介绍

--1.学生表
Student(SId,Sname,Sage,Ssex)
--SId 学生编号,Sname 学生姓名,Sage 出生年月,Ssex 学生性别

--2.课程表
Course(CId,Cname,TId)
--CId 课程编号,Cname 课程名称,TId 教师编号

--3.教师表
Teacher(TId,Tname)
--TId 教师编号,Tname 教师姓名

--4.成绩表
SC(SId,CId,score)
--SId 学生编号,CId 课程编号,score 分数

学生表 Student

create table Student(SId varchar(10),Sname varchar(10),Sage datetime,Ssex varchar(10));
insert into Student values('01' , '赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , '男');
insert into Student values('02' , '钱电' , '1990-12-21' , '男');
insert into Student values('03' , '孙风' , '1990-12-20' , '男');
insert into Student values('04' , '李云' , '1990-12-06' , '男');
insert into Student values('05' , '周梅' , '1991-12-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('06' , '吴兰' , '1992-01-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('07' , '郑竹' , '1989-01-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('09' , '张三' , '2017-12-20' , '女');
insert into Student values('10' , '李四' , '2017-12-25' , '女');
insert into Student values('11' , '李四' , '2012-06-06' , '女');
insert into Student values('12' , '赵六' , '2013-06-13' , '女');
insert into Student values('13' , '孙七' , '2014-06-01' , '女');

科目表 Course

 

create table Course(CId varchar(10),Cname nvarchar(10),TId varchar(10));
insert into Course values('01' , '语文' , '02');
insert into Course values('02' , '数学' , '01');
insert into Course values('03' , '英语' , '03');

教师表 Teacher

 

create table Teacher(TId varchar(10),Tname varchar(10));
insert into Teacher values('01' , '张三');
insert into Teacher values('02' , '李四');
insert into Teacher values('03' , '王五');

成绩表 SC

 

create table SC(SId varchar(10),CId varchar(10),score decimal(18,1));
insert into SC values('01' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('01' , '02' , 90);
insert into SC values('01' , '03' , 99);
insert into SC values('02' , '01' , 70);
insert into SC values('02' , '02' , 60);
insert into SC values('02' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '02' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('04' , '01' , 50);
insert into SC values('04' , '02' , 30);
insert into SC values('04' , '03' , 20);
insert into SC values('05' , '01' , 76);
insert into SC values('05' , '02' , 87);
insert into SC values('06' , '01' , 31);
insert into SC values('06' , '03' , 34);
insert into SC values('07' , '02' , 89);
insert into SC values('07' , '03' , 98);

 

 


-- 查询" 01 "课程比" 02 "课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数

SELECT 
stu.*,sc1.score,sc2.score,sc1.CId
FROM
sc sc1
join
sc sc2 on sc1.SId = sc2.SId
join
student stu on sc1.SId = stu.SId
where
sc1.score >sc2.score  and sc1.CId = '01' and sc2.CId='02'

select * from Student RIGHT JOIN (
    select t1.SId, class1, class2 from
          (select SId, score as class1 from sc where sc.CId = '01')as t1, 
          (select SId, score as class2 from sc where sc.CId = '02')as t2
    where t1.SId = t2.SId AND t1.class1 > t2.class2
)r 
on Student.SId = r.SId;

select * from  (
    select t1.SId, class1, class2 
    from
        (SELECT SId, score as class1 FROM sc WHERE sc.CId = '01') AS t1, 
        (SELECT SId, score as class2 FROM sc WHERE sc.CId = '02') AS t2
    where t1.SId = t2.SId and t1.class1 > t2.class2
) r 
LEFT JOIN Student
ON Student.SId = r.SId;

-- 1.1 查询同时存在" 01 "课程和" 02 "课程的情况
SELECT
stu.*,sc1.*,sc2.*
FROM
student stu
JOIN
sc sc1 on stu.SId = sc1.SId and sc1.CId = '01'
JOIN
sc sc2 on stu.SId = sc2.SId and sc2.CId = '02'

select * from 
    (select * from sc where sc.CId = '01') as t1, 
    (select * from sc where sc.CId = '02') as t2
where t1.SId = t2.SId;


-- 
-- 1.2 查询存在" 01 "课程但可能不存在" 02 "课程的情况(不存在时显示为 null )
SELECT
stu.*,sc1.*,sc2.*
FROM
student stu
JOIN
sc sc1 on stu.SId = sc1.SId and sc1.CId = '01'
left join
sc sc2 on stu.SId = sc2.SId and sc2.CId = '02'


select * from 
(select * from sc where sc.CId = '01') as t1
left join 
(select * from sc where sc.CId = '02') as t2
on t1.SId = t2.SId;

select * from 
(select * from sc where sc.CId = '02') as t2
right join 
(select * from sc where sc.CId = '01') as t1
on t1.SId = t2.SId;
-- 
-- 1.3 查询不存在" 01 "课程但存在" 02 "课程的情况

select
student.*,sc.*
from 
sc
join 
student on sc.SId = student.SId
where
sc.CId = '02'
and
sc.SId not in 
(select sc1.SId  from sc sc1 where sc1.CId = '01')

-- 
-- 查询平均成绩大于等于 60 分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩
select
stu.*,sc1.score
from
student stu
join
(
select avg(sc.score)score,sc.SId from sc GROUP BY sc.SId HAVING score>=60
)sc1 on stu.SId = sc1.SId


select Student.SId, Student.Sname, r.ss from Student right join(
      select SId, AVG(score) AS ss from sc
      GROUP BY SId
      HAVING AVG(score)> 60
)r on Student.SId = r.SId;

select s.SId,ss,Sname from(
select SId, AVG(score) as ss from sc  
GROUP BY SId 
HAVING AVG(score)> 60
)r left join 
(select Student.SId, Student.Sname from
Student)s on s.SId = r.SId;
-- 
-- 查询在 SC 表存在成绩的学生信息

select 
DISTINCT student.*
from 
student
join 
sc on student.SId = sc.SId

-- 
-- 查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩(没成绩的显示为 null )

select 
student.SId,student.Ssex,student.Sname,student.Sage,sum(score)
from 
student
left join 
sc on student.SId = sc.SId
GROUP BY
student.SId,student.Ssex,student.Sname,student.Sage

--  没成绩不显示
select
student.*,sc1.score
from
student,(select SId,sum(score)as score from sc GROUP BY SId)as sc1
where student.SId = sc1.SId

-- 
-- 查询「李」姓老师的数量

select 
count(*)
from
teacher
where Tname like '李%'
-- 
-- 查询学过「张三」老师授课的同学的信息

select
student.*,sc.*
from
student 
join
sc on sc.SId = student.SId
join
(select course.CId from course,teacher where course.TId =teacher.TId  and teacher.Tname = '张三') c1 on sc.CId = c1.CId

-- 
-- 查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息
select
*
from student
WHERE student.SId not in (
select 
sc.SId
from sc
GROUP BY sc.SId 
HAVING
count(sc.CId) = (select count(*) from course)
)


-- 
-- 查询至少有一门课与学号为" 01 "的同学所学相同的同学的信息

select
DISTINCT student.*
from 
student
join 
sc sc2 on student.SId = sc2.SId
join 
(select sc.CId from sc where sc.SId = '01') sc1
on sc2.CId = sc1.CId

select * from student 
where student.sid in (
    select sc.sid from sc 
    where sc.cid in(
        select sc.cid from sc 
        where sc.sid = '01'
    )
);

--  难点$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

-- 查询和" 01 "号的同学学习的课程 完全相同的其他同学的信息 

-- 先获取01同学所学的所有课程编号b们，
-- (select cid from sc where sid='01') b
-- 问题转化为，查询b表中课程都学过的所有学生sid,有了sid剩下的就好办啦
-- 所有课程都学过这个可以用双重not exist来表达
select sid
from student
where not exists (
select 1 from (select cid from sc where sid='01') b
where not exists(
select 1 from sc where sc.sid=student.sid and sc.cid=b.cid
)
)

-- 如果cid顺序不对,则结果错误,所以需要在group_concat中排序组合的字段
select
x.sid
from
(select sid, group_concat(cid order by cid)gro from sc  group by sid  )x
join 
(select group_concat(cid order by cid)gro from sc where sid = '01')y
on x.gro = y.gro


--  学习了全部课程的学生   双重not exists否定为肯定

select
student.*
from
student
where not exists (
select 1 from course
where not EXISTS(
	select 1 from sc where sc.CId = course.CId and student.SId = sc.SId
)
)

--  难点$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$


-- 
-- 查询没学过"张三"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名
select 
student.SId,student.Sname
from 
student
where
SId not in 
(select
sc.SId
from
sc
join
course on sc.CId = course.CId
join 
teacher on teacher.TId = course.TId and teacher.Tname = '张三'
)

select * from student
    where student.sid not in(
        select sc.sid from sc where sc.cid in(
            select course.cid from course where course.tid in(
                select teacher.tid from teacher where tname = "张三"
            )
        )
    );
		
select * from student
where student.sid not in(
    select sc.sid from sc,course,teacher 
    where
        sc.cid = course.cid
        and course.tid = teacher.tid
        and teacher.tname= "张三"
);

-- 
-- 查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号，姓名及其平均成绩
select
student.sid, student.sname, x.avg
from
student
join 
(
select
SId,avg(score)avg
from
sc
where 
score <60
GROUP BY
SId
HAVING
count(*)>1
)x on student.SId = x.SId

select student.sid, student.sname, AVG(sc.score) from student,sc
where 
    student.sid = sc.sid and sc.score<60
group by sc.sid 
having count(*)>1;

-- 
-- 检索" 01 "课程分数小于 60，按分数降序排列的学生信息

select
student.*,sc.score
from
student,sc
where
student.SId = sc.SId and
sc.CId= '01'
and
sc.score<60
order by sc.score desc

select
student.*,sc.score
from
student
join
sc on student.SId = sc.SId
where
sc.CId= '01'
and
sc.score<60
order by sc.score desc

-- 
-- 按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的所有课程的成绩以及平均成绩
select
student.*, avg(sc.score) avgS
from
student
join
sc on student.SId = sc.SId
GROUP BY
student.SId
ORDER BY avgS desc

select
student.*, avg(sc.score) avgS
from
student,sc
where
student.SId = sc.SId
GROUP BY
student.SId
ORDER BY avgS desc


-- 
-- 查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分：

select
sc.CId,max(sc.score),min(sc.score),avg(sc.score)
from
sc
GROUP BY
sc.CId

-- 以如下形式显示：课程 ID，课程 name，最高分，最低分，平均分，及格率，中等率，优良率，优秀率
-- 
-- 及格为>=60，中等为：70-80，优良为：80-90，优秀为：>=90

select 
sc.CId ,
max(sc.score)as 最高分,
min(sc.score)as 最低分,
AVG(sc.score)as 平均分,
count(*)as 选修人数,
sum(case when sc.score>=60 then 1 else 0 end )/count(*)as 及格率,
sum(case when sc.score>=70 and sc.score<80 then 1 else 0 end )/count(*)as 中等率,
sum(case when sc.score>=80 and sc.score<90 then 1 else 0 end )/count(*)as 优良率,
sum(case when sc.score>=90 then 1 else 0 end )/count(*)as 优秀率 
from sc
GROUP BY sc.CId
ORDER BY count(*)DESC, sc.CId ASC


-- 
-- 要求输出课程号和选修人数，查询结果按人数降序排列，若人数相同，按课程号升序排列
select
sc.CId,sum(sc.CId) sumS
from
sc
GROUP BY
sc.CId
ORDER BY
sum(sc.Cid) desc,sc.CId asc

-- 
-- 按各科成绩进行排序，并显示排名， Score 重复时保留名次空缺
-- 可以用变量，但也有更为简单的方法，即自交（左交）
-- 用sc中的score和自己进行对比，来计算“比当前分数高的分数有几个”。

select a.cid, a.sid, a.score, count(b.score)+1 as rank
from sc as a 
left join sc as b 
on a.score<b.score and a.cid = b.cid
group by a.cid, a.sid,a.score
order by a.cid, rank ASC;


--  难点$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
-- 
-- 查询学生的总成绩，并进行排名，总分重复时保留名次空缺
-- 16.1 查询学生的总成绩，并进行排名，总分重复时不保留名次空缺
select
x.CId,x.SId,x.sum,count(y.sum)+1 count
from
(select sum(score)sum,SId,CId  from sc GROUP BY SId)x
left join
(select sum(score)sum,SId,CId  from sc GROUP BY SId)y on x.SId = x.SId and x.sum <y.sum
GROUP BY x.SId,x.sum
ORDER BY count

set @crank=0;
select q.sid, total, @crank := @crank +1 as rank from(
select sc.sid, sum(sc.score) as total from sc
group by sc.sid
order by total desc)q;

--  难点$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$


-- 
-- 统计各科成绩各分数段人数：课程编号，课程名称，[100-85]，[85-70]，[70-60]，[60-0] 及所占百分比
select course.cname, course.cid,
sum(sc.score<=100 and sc.score>85) as "[100-85]",
sum(sc.score<=85 and sc.score>70) as "[85-70]",
sum(sc.score<=70 and sc.score>60) as "[70-60]",
sum(case when sc.score<=60 and sc.score>0 then 1 else 0 end) as "[60-0]"
from sc left join course
on sc.cid = course.cid
group by sc.cid;



--  难点$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
-- 
-- 查询各科成绩前三名的记录,先按照班级分组,然后各组中成绩互相比较,找出左边成绩比右边成绩小的个数少于三个的分数,相当于找出三个最大的;
select * from sc
where (
select count(*) from sc as a 
where sc.cid = a.cid and sc.score<=a.score 
)< 4
order by cid asc, sc.score desc;


select 
s1.*,count(*) 
from 
sc s1 
join 
sc s2 on s1.CId = s2.CId and s1.score <= s2.score
GROUP BY
s1.CId,s1.SId
HAVING 
count(*) <4
order by CId,score desc

select 
a.sid,a.cid,a.score 
from sc a 
left join sc b on a.cid = b.cid and a.score<b.score
group by a.cid, a.sid
having count(b.cid)<3
order by a.cid;

--  难点$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

-- 
-- 查询每门课程被选修的学生数
select cid, count(sid) from sc 
group by cid;
-- 如果成绩单有学生和科目成绩重复
select
sc.CId,count(sc.SId)
from 
(select DISTINCT sc.CId,sc.SId from sc)sc
GROUP BY
sc.CId


-- 
-- 查询出只选修两门课程的学生学号和姓名
select 
student.*
from 
student
join  
sc on student.SId = sc.SId
GROUP BY 
sc.SId
HAVING
count(*)= 2


select student.sid, student.sname from student
where student.sid in
(select sc.sid from sc
group by sc.sid
having count(sc.cid)=2
);

-- 
-- 查询男生、女生人数
select
Ssex,count(*)
from 
student
GROUP BY
Ssex

-- 
-- 查询名字中含有「风」字的学生信息
select
*
from 
student
where Sname LIKE '%风%'

-- 
-- 查询同名同性学生名单，并统计同名人数
select 
student.Sname,count(*) cou
FROM
student
GROUP BY
student.Sname
HAVING cou>1

-- 
-- 查询 1990 年出生的学生名单
select *
from student
where YEAR(student.Sage)=1990;

select *
from student
where DATE_FORMAT(Sage,'%Y')=1990;

-- 
-- 查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩降序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程编号升序排列
select
sc.CId,avg(sc.score)av
from 
sc
GROUP BY sc.CId
order by av desc,CId

-- 
-- 查询平均成绩大于等于 85 的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩
select
student.*,avg(sc.score) as avg
from
student
join 
sc on student.SId = sc.SId
GROUP BY sc.SId
HAVING avg >= 85

select student.sid, student.sname, AVG(sc.score) as aver from student, sc
where student.sid = sc.sid
group by sc.sid
having aver > 85;

-- 
-- 查询课程名称为「数学」，且分数低于 60 的学生姓名和分数
select
student.Sname,sc.score
from
student
join 
sc on student.SId = sc.SId  
join 
course on sc.CId  = course.CId 
where sc.score<60 and course.Cname = '数学'

select student.sname, sc.score from student, sc, course
where student.sid = sc.sid
and course.cid = sc.cid
and course.cname = "数学"
and sc.score < 60;
-- 
-- 查询所有学生的课程及分数情况（存在学生没成绩，没选课的情况）
select
student.*,sc.score,course.*
from
student
left join 
sc on student.SId = sc.SId
left join 
course on course.CId = sc.CId
order by SId


-- 
-- 查询任何一门课程成绩在 70 分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数
select
student.Sname,sc.score,course.Cname
from
student
join
sc on student.SId = sc.SId
join 
course on course.CId = sc.CId
where 
sc.score > 70

select student.sname, course.cname,sc.score from student,course,sc
where sc.score>70
and student.sid = sc.sid
and sc.cid = course.cid;
-- 
-- 查询不及格的课程
select
DISTINCT course.*
from
course 
join 
sc on course.CId = sc.CId
where 
sc.score < 60

select cid from sc
where score< 60
group by cid;
-- 
-- 查询课程编号为 01 且课程成绩在 80 分以上的学生的学号和姓名
select 
student.SId,student.Sname
from 
sc
join 
student on sc.SId = student.SId
where
sc.CId = '01' and sc.score >=80

select student.sid,student.sname 
from student,sc
where cid="01"
and score>=80
and student.sid = sc.sid;
-- 
-- 求每门课程的学生人数
select
sc.CId,count(*) as '学生人数'
from 
sc
GROUP BY sc.CId

-- 
-- 成绩不重复，查询选修「张三」老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩

select
student.*,x.score
from
student
join 
(select
sc.score,sc.SId
from
sc
join 
course on sc.CId = course.CId
join
teacher on teacher.TId = course.TId
where 
teacher.Tname = '张三'
HAVING
score = max(sc.score)
)x on student.SId = x.SId

select student.*, sc.score, sc.cid from student, teacher, course,sc 
where teacher.tid = course.tid
and sc.sid = student.sid
and sc.cid = course.cid
and teacher.tname = "张三"
having max(sc.score);

select student.*, sc.score, sc.cid from student, teacher, course,sc 
where teacher.tid = course.tid
and sc.sid = student.sid
and sc.cid = course.cid
and teacher.tname = "张三"
order by score desc
limit 1;

-- 
-- 成绩有重复的情况下，查询选修「张三」老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩
select
student.*,sc.score
from 
sc
join
student
on sc.SId = student.SId
join
(
select  sc.score, sc.cid from  teacher, course,sc 
where teacher.tid = course.tid
and sc.cid = course.cid
and teacher.tname = "张三"
having max(sc.score)
)x on sc.score = x.score and sc.CId = x.cid

select student.*, sc.score, sc.cid from student, teacher, course,sc 
where teacher.tid = course.tid
and sc.sid = student.sid
and sc.cid = course.cid
and teacher.tname = "张三"
and sc.score = (
    select Max(sc.score) 
    from sc,student, teacher, course
    where teacher.tid = course.tid
    and sc.sid = student.sid
    and sc.cid = course.cid
    and teacher.tname = "张三"
);


-- 
-- 查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学生编号、课程编号、学生成绩

select  a.cid, a.sid,  a.score 
from 
sc as a
join 
sc as b
on a.sid = b.sid
and a.cid != b.cid
and a.score = b.score
group by cid, sid;

-- 
-- 查询每门功成绩最好的前两名
select
s1.CId,s1.score,s1.SId
from
sc s1
join 
sc s2 on s1.CId = s2.CId and s1.score <= s2.score
GROUP BY
s1.CId,s1.SId
HAVING
count(*) < 3

select a.sid,a.cid,a.score 
from sc as a 
left join sc as b 
on a.cid = b.cid and a.score<b.score
group by a.cid, a.sid
having count(b.cid)<2
order by a.cid;

-- 
-- 统计每门课程的学生选修人数（超过 5 人的课程才统计）。
select
sc.CId
from
sc
GROUP BY
sc.CId
HAVING
count(*)>5

select sc.cid, count(sid) as cc from sc
group by cid
having cc >5;

-- 
-- 检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号

select
sc.SId
from 
sc
GROUP BY
sc.SId
HAVING
count(*)>=2


select sid, count(cid) as cc from sc
group by sid
having cc>=2;
-- 
-- 查询选修了全部课程的学生信息
select student.*
from sc ,student 
where sc.SId=student.SId
GROUP BY sc.SId
HAVING count(*) = (select DISTINCT count(*) from course )

--  如果成绩表中有重复学科成绩,下面更加准确

select
student.*
from
student
where not exists (
select 1 from course
where not EXISTS(
	select 1 from sc where sc.CId = course.CId and student.SId = sc.SId
)
)


-- 
-- 查询各学生的年龄，只按年份来算
select
student.SId,student.Sname,(YEAR(now())-YEAR(student.Sage))
from 
student

-- 
-- 按照出生日期来算，当前月日 < 出生年月的月日则，年龄减一

select student.SId as 学生编号,student.Sname  as  学生姓名,
TIMESTAMPDIFF(YEAR,student.Sage,CURDATE()) as 学生年龄
from student

-- 
-- 查询本周过生日的学生
-- WEEKOFYEAR 返回所在的第几周
select *
from student 
where WEEKOFYEAR(student.Sage)=WEEKOFYEAR(CURDATE());

-- 
-- 查询下周过生日的学生
select *
from student 
where WEEKOFYEAR(student.Sage)=WEEKOFYEAR(CURDATE())+1;

-- 
-- 查询本月过生日的学生
select *
from student 
where MONTH(student.Sage)=MONTH(CURDATE());
-- 
-- 查询下月过生日的学生
select *
from student 
where MONTH(student.Sage)=MONTH(CURDATE())+1;

 

myth_gy
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