Ubuntu18.04+GTK安装

原创已于 2023-06-19 22:57:14 修改 · 2.9k 阅读

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于 2023-06-19 22:53:26 首次发布

在Ubuntu18中，由于系统已包含gnome桌面，故搭建GTK开发环境时无需额外安装。主要步骤包括：安装GNU编译链接工具、gtk（推荐使用`libgtk-3-dev`）、pkg-config，然后通过pkg-config检查GTK+3.0的头文件和库路径。若安装失败，可尝试更换国内软件源如阿⾥云、清华或网易源。最后，通过编译和运行GTK示例程序验证环境配置成功。

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由于Ubuntu18已经回归到了主流Linux桌⾯gnome上，所以我们搭建gtk开发环境的时候，不需要再额外安装gnome了

GTK的安装流程：

1）安装GNU编译链接⼯具

sudo apt-get install build-essential

2）安装gtk，可以使⽤如下指令同时安装两个版本gtk2和gtk3:

sudo apt-get install gnome-core-devel

如果安装失败，可以直接安装gtk3，命令如下：

sudo apt-get install libgtk-3-dev

3）安装pkg-config⽤于⾃动查找gtk的头⽂件位置

sudo apt-get install pkg-config

安装完成后，可以使⽤以下命令来校验安装是否成功，并查看GTK+3.0所包含的所有头⽂件以及库的路径：

pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-3.0

4）GUI验证

使⽤官⽅给出的⽰例来测试是否能够运⾏，Getting Started With GTK+，编译指令如下：

gcc main.c -o main `pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-3.0`

GTK-GUI 特别说明：

如果下载安装失败，建议更换国内软件源：

#阿⾥云源

#⽹易源

#搜狐源

#清华源

#中科⼤源

#中科大
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

#清华源
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

#阿里云
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse