linux输入yum后提示： -bash: /usr/bin/yum: No such file or directory的解决方法

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本文介绍如何在CentOS系统中安装Python环境及YUM包管理器，并解决安装过程中遇到的依赖问题。

一、首先了解Linux系统下这两个命令的区别

yum：

属于：RedHat系列

常见系统有：Redhat、Centos、Fedora等

apt-get：

属于：Debian系列

常见系统：Debian、Ubuntu等

# 查看当前系统版本

cat /etc/redhat-release

网易镜像系统官网：http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/

可以修改需要的版本

# 下载yum相关依赖，前提创建目录，便于查找

# 创建存放目录
1 mkdir /usr/local/src/python
2 mkdir /usr/local/src/yum

# 下载yum依赖
cd /usr/local/src/yum   # yum 目录

rpm -ivh --nodeps http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh --nodeps http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch.rpm

rpm -ivh --nodeps http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-168.el7.centos.noarch.rpm

# 运行python -bash: python: command not found，yum 运行依赖需要python环境，所以python环境也要安装

# 下载python依赖
cd /usr/local/src/python   # 进入目录

#wget http://vault.centos.org/7.2.1511/os/x86_64/Packages/python-2.7.5-34.el7.x86_64.rpm
#wget http://vault.centos.org/7.2.1511/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm
#wget http://vault.centos.org/7.2.1511/os/x86_64/Packages/python-pycurl-7.19.0-17.el7.x86_64.rpm
#wget http://vault.centos.org/7.2.1511/os/x86_64/Packages/python-devel-2.7.5-34.el7.x86_64.rpm
#wget http://vault.centos.org/7.2.1511/os/x86_64/Packages/python-libs-2.7.5-34.el7.x86_64.rpm
#wget http://vault.centos.org/7.2.1511/os/x86_64/Packages/python-urlgrabber-3.10-7.el7.noarch.rpm
#wget http://vault.centos.org/7.2.1511/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-python-4.11.3-17.el7.x86_64.rpm

# 安装python

1、rpm -ivh python-* rpm-python-* 
   出现安装包的依赖问题，此时如下解决即可：
warning: python-2.7.5-34.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
	libcrypto.so.10()(64bit) is needed by python-libs-2.7.5-34.el7.x86_64
	libcrypto.so.10(OPENSSL_1.0.1)(64bit) is needed by python-libs-2.7.5-34.el7.x86_64
	libcrypto.so.10(OPENSSL_1.0.1_EC)(64bit) is needed by python-libs-2.7.5-34.el7.x86_64
	libcrypto.so.10(libcrypto.so.10)(64bit) is needed by python-libs-2.7.5-34.el7.x86_64
	libgdbm.so.4()(64bit) is needed by python-libs-2.7.5-34.el7.x86_64
	libnsl.so.1()(64bit) is needed by python-libs-2.7.5-34.el7.x86_64
	libnsl.so.1(GLIBC_2.2.5)(64bit) is needed by python-libs-2.7.5-34.el7.x86_64
	libreadline.so.6()(64bit) is needed by python-libs-2.7.5-34.el7.x86_64
	libssl.so.10()(64bit) is needed by python-libs-2.7.5-34.el7.x86_64
	libssl.so.10(libssl.so.10)(64bit) is needed by python-libs-2.7.5-34.el7.x86_64
	liblua-5.1.so()(64bit) is needed by rpm-python-4.11.3-17.el7.x86_64
	librpm.so.3()(64bit) is needed by rpm-python-4.11.3-17.el7.x86_64
	librpmbuild.so.3()(64bit) is needed by rpm-python-4.11.3-17.el7.x86_64
	librpmio.so.3()(64bit) is needed by rpm-python-4.11.3-17.el7.x86_64
	librpmsign.so.1()(64bit) is needed by rpm-python-4.11.3-17.el7.x86_64
	rpm = 4.11.3-17.el7 is needed by rpm-python-4.11.3-17.el7.x86_64

 
2、rpm -ivh python-* rpm-python-* --nodeps --force
             --nodeps --force为不考虑依赖包，强制安装。

安装完后即可运行python:

# 安装yum

cd /usr/local/src/yum 
rpm -ivh yum-*   # 如果无法安装成功参考上面代码

运行yum,完美解决

如果以上还不能解决你的问题，那就别折腾，试试万能重装大法！