CentOS7 系统配置国内 yum 源和epel源

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本文介绍如何在CentOS7系统中配置使用国内的YUM源，包括网易和阿里的开源镜像，以及EPEL源的安装与配置过程。

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CentOS7 系统配置国内 yum 源和epel源

1.首先进入/etc/yum.repos.d/ 目录下，新建一个repo_bak目录，用于保存系统中原来的repo文件
2.在CentOS中配置使用网易和阿里的开源镜像
3.清除系统yum缓存并生成新的yum缓存
4.安装epel源
5.使用阿里开源镜像提供的epel源
6.再次清除系统yum缓存，并重新生成新的yum缓存
7.查看系统可用的yum源和所有的yum源

1.首先进入/etc/yum.repos.d/ 目录下，新建一个repo_bak目录，用于保存系统中原来的repo文件

[root@bogon ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# mkdir repo_bak
[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# mv *.repo repo_bak/

2.在CentOS中配置使用网易和阿里的开源镜像

到网易和阿里开源镜像站点下载系统对应版本的repo文件

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# ls
Centos-7.repo CentOS-Base-163.repo repo.bak
或者手动下载repo文件并上传到/etc/yum.repos.d/目录

网易开源镜像站：http://mirrors.163.com/.help/centos.html
阿里开源镜像站：https://opsx.alibaba.com/mirror?lang=zh-cn

3.清除系统yum缓存并生成新的yum缓存

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# ls # 列出/etc/yum.repos.d/目录下的文件
Centos-7.repo CentOS-Base-163.repo repo.bak

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum clean all # 清除系统所有的yum缓存
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Cleaning repos: base extras updates
Cleaning up everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum makecache # 生成yum缓存
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
(1/12): base/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 6.7 MB 00:00:02
(2/12): base/7/x86_64/group_gz | 156 kB 00:00:02
(3/12): base/7/x86_64/other_db | 2.5 MB 00:00:01
(4/12): base/7/x86_64/primary_db | 5.7 MB 00:00:02
(5/12): extras/7/x86_64/prestodelta | 51 kB 00:00:01
(6/12): extras/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 494 kB 00:00:02
(7/12): extras/7/x86_64/other_db | 86 kB 00:00:00
(8/12): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 130 kB 00:00:01
(9/12): updates/7/x86_64/prestodelta | 406 kB 00:00:01
(10/12): updates/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 2.1 MB 00:00:01
(11/12): updates/7/x86_64/other_db | 354 kB 00:00:00
(12/12): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 3.6 MB 00:00:01
Determining fastest mirrors
Metadata Cache Created

4.安装epel源

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum list | grep epel-release
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
epel-release.noarch 7-9 extras

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum install -y epel-release
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
–> Running transaction check
—> Package epel-release.noarch 0:7-9 will be installed
–> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

Package Arch Version Repository Size

Installing:
epel-release noarch 7-9 extras 14 k

Transaction Summary

Install 1 Package

Total download size: 14 k
Installed size: 24 k
Downloading packages:
epel-release-7-9.noarch.rpm | 14 kB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : epel-release-7-9.noarch 1/1
Verifying : epel-release-7-9.noarch 1/1

Installed:
epel-release.noarch 0:7-9

Complete!
[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# ls # epel源安装成功，比原来多了一个epel.repo和epel-testing.repo文件
Centos-7.repo CentOS-Base-163.repo epel.repo epel-testing.repo repo.bak

5.使用阿里开源镜像提供的epel源

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-7.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo # 下载阿里开源镜像的epel源文件
–2018-03-08 20:22:14-- http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
Resolving mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)… 183.2.199.237, 113.96.109.95, 113.96.109.93, …
Connecting to mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|183.2.199.237|:80… connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response… 200 OK
Length: 1084 (1.1K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/epel-7.repo’

100%[==============================================>] 1,084 --.-K/s in 0s

2018-03-08 20:22:14 (130 MB/s) - ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/epel-7.repo’ saved [1084/1084]

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS7-Base-163.repo Centos-7.repo epel-7.repo epel.repo epel-testing.repo repo_bak

6.再次清除系统yum缓存，并重新生成新的yum缓存

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-debuginfo is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-source is listed more than once in the configuration
Cleaning repos: base epel extras updates
Cleaning up everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-debuginfo is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-source is listed more than once in the configuration
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
(1/18): base/7/x86_64/group_gz | 156 kB 00:00:01
(2/18): base/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 6.7 MB 00:00:07
(3/18): base/7/x86_64/primary_db | 5.7 MB 00:00:06
(4/18): epel/x86_64/group_gz | 266 kB 00:00:01
(5/18): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 899 kB 00:00:02
(6/18): epel/x86_64/prestodelta | 7.1 kB 00:00:00
(7/18): base/7/x86_64/other_db | 2.5 MB 00:00:05
(8/18): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 6.3 MB 00:00:04
(9/18): extras/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 636 kB 00:00:00
(10/18): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 166 kB 00:00:00
(11/18): extras/7/x86_64/other_db | 108 kB 00:00:00
(12/18): extras/7/x86_64/prestodelta | 102 kB 00:00:01
(13/18): epel/x86_64/other_db | 3.0 MB 00:00:01
(14/18): epel/x86_64/filelists_db | 10 MB 00:00:09
(15/18): updates/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 3.5 MB 00:00:02
(16/18): updates/7/x86_64/prestodelta | 771 kB 00:00:02
(17/18): updates/7/x86_64/other_db | 621 kB 00:00:00
(18/18): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.0 MB 00:00:03
Determining fastest mirrors

epel: mirrors.aliyun.com
Metadata Cache Created

7.查看系统可用的yum源和所有的yum源

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum repolist enabled
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-debuginfo is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-source is listed more than once in the configuration
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

epel: mirrors.aliyun.com
repo id repo name status
base/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base - 163.com 9,591
epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 12,382
extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras - 163.com 390
updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates - 163.com 1,941
repolist: 24,304

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum repolist all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-debuginfo is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-source is listed more than once in the configuration
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

epel: mirrors.aliyun.com
repo id repo name status
base/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base - 163.com enabled: 9,591
centosplus/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Plus - 163.com disabled
contrib/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com disabled
epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 enabled: 12,382
epel-debuginfo/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 - Debug disabled
epel-source Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 - Source disabled
epel-testing/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - Testing - x86_64 disabled
epel-testing-debuginfo/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - Testing - x86_64 - Debug disabled
epel-testing-source/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - Testing - x86_64 - Source disabled
extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras - 163.com enabled: 390
updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates - 163.com enabled: 1,941
repolist: 24,304