本文介绍如何使用WindowManager在Android中创建并管理悬浮窗口。包括设置悬浮窗类型、位置、尺寸及监听网络状态等功能。
WindowManager主要用来管理窗口的一些状态、属性、view增加、删除、更新、窗口顺序、消息收集和处理等，可以通过为WindowManager的静态属性LayoutParams设置相关啊参数来管理当前显示的View的特性。
WindowManager学习
WindowManager常用方法
一般来说WindowManager常用的方法有如下一些：
// 添加显示一个view
public void addView(View view, ViewGroup.LayoutParams params);
// 更新当前view的信息
public void updateViewLayout(View view, ViewGroup.LayoutParams params);
// 从窗口中移除当前view
public void removeView(View view);WindowManager.LayoutParams
WindowManager的静态类LayoutParams.通过它可以设置和获得当前窗口的一些属性，一般常用的设置有如下：
- type
type是用来确定悬浮窗的类型，一般我们取值TYPE_PHONE，表示在所有应用程序之上。有如下取值：
* @see #TYPE_BASE_APPLICATION
* @see #TYPE_APPLICATION
* @see #TYPE_APPLICATION_STARTING
* @see #TYPE_APPLICATION_PANEL
* @see #TYPE_APPLICATION_MEDIA
* @see #TYPE_APPLICATION_SUB_PANEL
* @see #TYPE_APPLICATION_ABOVE_SUB_PANEL
* @see #TYPE_APPLICATION_ATTACHED_DIALOG
* @see #TYPE_STATUS_BAR
* @see #TYPE_SEARCH_BAR
* @see #TYPE_PHONE
* @see #TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT
* @see #TYPE_TOAST
* @see #TYPE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY
* @see #TYPE_PRIORITY_PHONE
* @see #TYPE_STATUS_BAR_PANEL
* @see #TYPE_SYSTEM_DIALOG
* @see #TYPE_KEYGUARD_DIALOG
* @see #TYPE_SYSTEM_ERROR
* @see #TYPE_INPUT_METHOD
* @see #TYPE_INPUT_METHOD_DIALOG- flags
用于确定悬浮窗的行为，比如说不可聚焦，非模态对话框等等。有如下取值：
* @see #FLAG_ALLOW_LOCK_WHILE_SCREEN_ON
* @see #FLAG_DIM_BEHIND
* @see #FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE
* @see #FLAG_NOT_TOUCHABLE
* @see #FLAG_NOT_TOUCH_MODAL
* @see #FLAG_TOUCHABLE_WHEN_WAKING
* @see #FLAG_KEEP_SCREEN_ON
* @see #FLAG_LAYOUT_IN_SCREEN
* @see #FLAG_LAYOUT_NO_LIMITS
* @see #FLAG_FULLSCREEN
* @see #FLAG_FORCE_NOT_FULLSCREEN
* @see #FLAG_SECURE
* @see #FLAG_SCALED
* @see #FLAG_IGNORE_CHEEK_PRESSES
* @see #FLAG_LAYOUT_INSET_DECOR
* @see #FLAG_ALT_FOCUSABLE_IM
* @see #FLAG_WATCH_OUTSIDE_TOUCH
* @see #FLAG_SHOW_WHEN_LOCKED
* @see #FLAG_SHOW_WALLPAPER
* @see #FLAG_TURN_SCREEN_ON
* @see #FLAG_DISMISS_KEYGUARD
* @see #FLAG_SPLIT_TOUCH
* @see #FLAG_HARDWARE_ACCELERATED
* @see #FLAG_LOCAL_FOCUS_MODE
* @see #FLAG_DRAWS_SYSTEM_BAR_BACKGROUNDSgravity值用于确定悬浮窗的对齐方式，一般设为左上角对齐，这样当拖动悬浮窗的时候方便计算坐标。
x值用于确定悬浮窗的位置，如果要横向移动悬浮窗，就需要改变这个值。
- y值用于确定悬浮窗的位置，如果要纵向移动悬浮窗，就需要改变这个值。
- width值用于指定悬浮窗的宽度。
- height值用于指定悬浮窗的高度。
一个简单的悬浮窗口
这里，我使用WindowManager实现了一个简单的悬浮窗口的功能，用来显示当前网络的连接状态以及内存的使用情况。效果如下：
悬浮窗口的实现
下面看一下悬浮窗口的具体实现：
- 添加权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW" />- 获取WindowMnager服务
mWindowManager = (WindowManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);- 设置LayoutParams
mLayoutParams = new WindowManager.LayoutParams();
mLayoutParams.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT; //设置当前类型为显示在其他应用之上的
mLayoutParams.format = PixelFormat.RGBA_8888; // 背景色设置
mLayoutParams.alpha = 0.8f; // 透明度设置
mLayoutParams.flags = WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE; // 这里设置为不可聚焦
mLayoutParams.gravity = Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL | Gravity.LEFT; // 初始显示水平靠左，垂直居中
// 设置宽度高度都是WRAP_CONTENT
mLayoutParams.width = WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
mLayoutParams.height = WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
// 设置悬浮窗口相对屏幕的起始位置，这里0表示相对屏幕左上角
mLayoutParams.x = 0;
mLayoutParams.y = 0;- 添加悬浮窗口
mWindowManager.addView(mLayout,mLayoutParams);此时我们的悬浮窗口已经可以正常显示了。下面我为其添加一个监听网络状态的功能。
创建ConnectionReceiver
这里创建ConnectionReceiver继承自BroadcastReceiver用来监听网络状态的改变，记住一定要在AndroidManifest.xml中注册，还需要添加下面权限：
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />关键代码如下：
String action = intent.getAction();
if (action.equals(ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION)) {
mConnectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager)context.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo netInfo = mConnectivityManager.getActiveNetworkInfo();
if(netInfo != null && netInfo.isAvailable()) {
if (netInfo.getType()==ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI){
MywindowView.netName = "wifi";
} else if(netInfo.getType()==ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE){
MywindowView.netName = "流量";
}
} else {
MywindowView.netName = "不可用";
}
if (null != WindowService.mywindowView) {
WindowService.mywindowView.upateWindowLayout(MywindowView.getUsedPercentValue(context));
}可以看到这里主要是在当前网络连接状态发生改变的时候，根据当前网络状态的类型，改变需要显示的值，然后通过upateWindowLayout方法来刷新悬浮窗口的显示。
为悬浮窗添加OnTouchListener
这里为当前悬浮窗口添加OnTouchListener，使其根据手指的滑动而滑动到指定地方。
mLayout.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener() {
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
int action = event.getAction();
switch (action) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
// event.getRawX()是相对于屏幕左上角的坐标
// 这里减去当前显示layout的宽度的一半，表示移动的时候将从中间开始移动，否则每次都会以左上角来作为移动的起点
mLayoutParams.x = Math.round(event.getRawX()) - mLayout.getMeasuredWidth() / 2;
mLayoutParams.y = Math.round(event.getRawY()) - mScreenHeight / 2;
mWindowManager.updateViewLayout(mLayout,mLayoutParams);
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
mLayoutParams.x = Math.round(event.getRawX()) - mLayout.getMeasuredWidth() / 2;
// 判断是否超过屏幕的一半
if (mLayoutParams.x > mScreenWidth / 2) {
mLayoutParams.x = mScreenWidth;
} else {
mLayoutParams.x = 0;
}
mLayoutParams.y = Math.round(event.getRawY() - mScreenHeight / 2);
// 更新当前view的显示
mWindowManager.updateViewLayout(mLayout,mLayoutParams);
break;
default:
break;
}
return true;
}
});显示内存的使用情况
这里可以显示内存的使用百分比。关键代码如下：
/**
* 获得内存的使用百分比
* @param context
* @return
*/
public static String getUsedPercentValue(Context context) {
String dir = "/proc/meminfo";
try {
FileReader fr = new FileReader(dir);
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(fr, 2048);
String memoryLine = br.readLine();
String subMemoryLine = memoryLine.substring(memoryLine.indexOf("MemTotal:"));
br.close();
long totalMemorySize = Integer.parseInt(subMemoryLine.replaceAll("\\D+", ""));
long availableSize = getAvailableMemory(context) / 1024;
int percent = (int) ((totalMemorySize - availableSize) / (float) totalMemorySize * 100);
return percent + "%";
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "无结果";
}
/**
* 获取当前可用内存，返回数据以字节为单位。
* @return 当前可用内存。
*/
private static long getAvailableMemory(Context context) {
ActivityManager am = (ActivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
ActivityManager.MemoryInfo mi = new ActivityManager.MemoryInfo();
am.getMemoryInfo(mi);
return mi.availMem;
}在后台Service中刷新悬浮窗口
下面我们在Service中每间隔1秒，刷新当前悬浮窗口的显示，主要是为了刷新内存的使用情况。
Timer timer = new Timer();
timer.schedule(new TimerTask() {
@Override
public void run() {
handler.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
Log.d(TAG,"the usedPercent is ："+MywindowView.getUsedPercentValue(WindowService.this));
WindowService.mywindowView.upateWindowLayout(MywindowView.getUsedPercentValue(WindowService.this));
}
});
}
},0,1000);完整代码
上面的代码看起来比较乱，下面附上完整的代码：
- MywindowView.java
package reacthello.myapplication;
import android.app.ActivityManager;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.PixelFormat;
import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
import android.net.NetworkInfo;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.TextView;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* Created by admin on 2016/2/8.
*/
public class MywindowView extends View {
private WindowManager mWindowManager;
private WindowManager.LayoutParams mLayoutParams;
private Context mContext;
private int mScreenWidth;
private int mScreenHeight;
private LinearLayout mLayout;
private TextView mnetText;
public static String netName = "";
public MywindowView(Context context) {
super(context);
this.mContext = context;
initManager();
}
/**
* 初始化工作
*/
public void initManager() {
mWindowManager = (WindowManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
mLayoutParams = new WindowManager.LayoutParams();
mLayoutParams.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT; //设置当前类型为显示在其他应用之上的
mLayoutParams.format = PixelFormat.RGBA_8888; // 背景色设置
mLayoutParams.alpha = 0.8f; // 透明度设置
mLayoutParams.flags = WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE; // 这里设置为不可聚焦
mLayoutParams.gravity = Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL | Gravity.LEFT; // 初始显示水平靠左，垂直居中
// 设置宽度高度都是WRAP_CONTENT
mLayoutParams.width = WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
mLayoutParams.height = WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
// 设置悬浮窗口相对屏幕的起始位置，这里0表示相对屏幕左上角
mLayoutParams.x = 0;
mLayoutParams.y = 0;
//获取屏幕的宽和高
mScreenWidth = mWindowManager.getDefaultDisplay().getWidth();
mScreenHeight = mWindowManager.getDefaultDisplay().getHeight();
}
public void showWindowView() {
mLayout = (LinearLayout) LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.window_layout,null);
mnetText = (TextView) mLayout.findViewById(R.id.traffic_show);
ConnectivityManager connectMgr = (ConnectivityManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo netInfo = connectMgr.getActiveNetworkInfo();
if(netInfo != null && netInfo.isAvailable()) {
if (netInfo.getType()==ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI){
netName = "wifi";
} else if(netInfo.getType()==ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE){
netName = "流量";
}
} else {
netName = "不可用";
}
mnetText.setText(netName+":"+getUsedPercentValue(mContext));
mLayout.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener() {
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
int action = event.getAction();
switch (action) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
// event.getRawX()是相对于屏幕左上角的坐标
// 这里减去当前显示layout的宽度的一半，表示移动的时候将从中间开始移动，否则每次都会以左上角来作为移动的起点
mLayoutParams.x = Math.round(event.getRawX()) - mLayout.getMeasuredWidth() / 2;
mLayoutParams.y = Math.round(event.getRawY()) - mScreenHeight / 2;
mWindowManager.updateViewLayout(mLayout,mLayoutParams);
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
mLayoutParams.x = Math.round(event.getRawX()) - mLayout.getMeasuredWidth() / 2;
// 判断是否超过屏幕的一半
if (mLayoutParams.x > mScreenWidth / 2) {
mLayoutParams.x = mScreenWidth;
} else {
mLayoutParams.x = 0;
}
mLayoutParams.y = Math.round(event.getRawY() - mScreenHeight / 2);
// 更新当前view的显示
mWindowManager.updateViewLayout(mLayout,mLayoutParams);
break;
default:
break;
}
return true;
}
});
// 将当前layout和其LayoutParams添加到Window中显示
mWindowManager.addView(mLayout,mLayoutParams);
}
/**
* 更新显示
* @param percentMem
*/
public void upateWindowLayout(String percentMem) {
if (null != mnetText) {
mnetText.setText(netName +":"+ percentMem);
mWindowManager.updateViewLayout(mLayout,mLayoutParams);
}
}
/**
* 获得内存的使用百分比
* @param context
* @return
*/
public static String getUsedPercentValue(Context context) {
String dir = "/proc/meminfo";
try {
FileReader fr = new FileReader(dir);
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(fr, 2048);
String memoryLine = br.readLine();
String subMemoryLine = memoryLine.substring(memoryLine.indexOf("MemTotal:"));
br.close();
long totalMemorySize = Integer.parseInt(subMemoryLine.replaceAll("\\D+", ""));
long availableSize = getAvailableMemory(context) / 1024;
int percent = (int) ((totalMemorySize - availableSize) / (float) totalMemorySize * 100);
return percent + "%";
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "无结果";
}
/**
* 获取当前可用内存，返回数据以字节为单位。
* @return 当前可用内存。
*/
private static long getAvailableMemory(Context context) {
ActivityManager am = (ActivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
ActivityManager.MemoryInfo mi = new ActivityManager.MemoryInfo();
am.getMemoryInfo(mi);
return mi.availMem;
}
}
- WindowService.java
一个后台的service，用来启动当前悬浮窗口的。
package reacthello.myapplication;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;
import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;
public class WindowService extends Service {
public static MywindowView mywindowView;
private Handler handler = new Handler();
public static String TAG = WindowService.class.getSimpleName();
public WindowService() {
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
mywindowView = new MywindowView(this);
mywindowView.showWindowView();
Timer timer = new Timer();
timer.schedule(new TimerTask() {
@Override
public void run() {
handler.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
Log.d(TAG,"the usedPercent is ："+MywindowView.getUsedPercentValue(WindowService.this));
WindowService.mywindowView.upateWindowLayout(MywindowView.getUsedPercentValue(WindowService.this));
}
});
}
},0,1000);
}
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
// TODO: Return the communication channel to the service.
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented");
}
}
- ConnectionReceiver.java
package reacthello.myapplication;
/**
* Created by admin on 2016/2/8.
*/
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
import android.net.NetworkInfo;
public class ConnectionReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
private ConnectivityManager mConnectivityManager;
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
if (action.equals(ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION)) {
mConnectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager)context.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo netInfo = mConnectivityManager.getActiveNetworkInfo();
if(netInfo != null && netInfo.isAvailable()) {
if (netInfo.getType()==ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI){
MywindowView.netName = "wifi";
} else if(netInfo.getType()==ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE){
MywindowView.netName = "流量";
}
} else {
MywindowView.netName = "不可用";
}
if (null != WindowService.mywindowView) {
WindowService.mywindowView.upateWindowLayout(MywindowView.getUsedPercentValue(context));
}
}
}
}
ok，上面是使用到的主要的类，其他的就不贴上来了。
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