struts2 表单验证

于 2016-03-07 22:07:07 发布
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CC 4.0 BY-SA版权
分类专栏： Java 文章标签： java ee Strtus2
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。
本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/minihoop/article/details/50822309
本文深入探讨了JavaScript校验的局限性，并详细介绍了如何使用Struts2进行表单验证，包括硬编码方式和XML配置方式。通过提供实际的代码示例，文章展示了如何实现属性级别和动作级别的校验，以及如何处理错误信息。

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Javascript校验的局限性


单纯通过js无法满足安全要求，struts2提供了两种表单验证的功能：

1 硬编码方式---易理解，不易维护

2 xml配置方式---易维护，以管理，不侵入源代码


硬编码方式步骤：

1 创建struts2项目

2 编写普通表单

3 在jsp中加入<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>

4 在表单中加入两种struts2中提供的两种校验级别错误

<s:fielderror   cssStyle=" " />

<s:actionerror  cssStyle=" " />

通常发生属性级别的校验错误，通常被放入fielderror对象中；如果发生action级别的校验错误，通常

被放入actionerror对象中

5 创建Action类，在struts.xml中配置

一定要配置一个result，name为input,value为校验失败要跳转到的页面

6 Action类中创建校验方法，方法命名规则validate+要验证的方法名（首字母大写）

即使Action中有很多方法，也可以分开校验

7 完善校验方法中具体的判断

错误信息分为两种：FieldError和ActionError

将错误信息放入到Field域中：this.addFeildError("username","username format error");

将错误信息放入到Action域中:this.addActionError("password format error");

实际上会将错误信息放入到struts2默认的map集合中

页面可以通过${errors.username[0]}来获取单独的属性错误信息

action.CheckAction.java

<span style="font-size:18px;">package action;

import java.util.regex.Pattern;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class CheckAction extends ActionSupport {
	private String username;
	private String password;
	private String submitPassword;
	private int age;
	private String email;
	private String phone;
	@Override
	public String execute() throws Exception {
		
		return "success";
	}
	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}
	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	public String getSubmitPassword() {
		return submitPassword;
	}
	public void setSubmitPassword(String submitPassword) {
		this.submitPassword = submitPassword;
	}
	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	public String getEmail() {
		return email;
	}
	public void setEmail(String email) {
		this.email = email;
	}
	public String getPhone() {
		return phone;
	}
	public void setPhone(String phone) {
		this.phone = phone;
	}
	
	public void validateExecute(){
		if(null==username||username.length()<6||username.length()>11){
			this.addFieldError("username", "username error");
		}
		if(null==password||password.length()<6||password.length()>11){
			this.addFieldError("password", "password error");
		}
		if(null==submitPassword||submitPassword.length()<6||submitPassword.length()>11){
			this.addFieldError("submitPassword", "submitPassword error");
		}
		if(!password.equals(submitPassword)){
			this.addFieldError("submitPassword", "submitPassword don't match password");
		}
		if(age<0||age>150){
			this.addFieldError("age", "age is out of range");
		}
		Pattern emailPattern=Pattern.compile("^([A-Za-z0-9])+@([A-Za-z0-9])+(\\.)([A-Za-z0-9])+$");
		if(null==email||!emailPattern.matcher(email).matches()){
			this.addFieldError("email", "email format error");
		}
		Pattern phonePattern=Pattern.compile("^((\\(\\d{3}\\))|(\\d{3}\\-))?13[0-9]\\d{8}|15[89]\\d{8}");
		
		if(phone==null||phonePattern.matcher(phone).matches()){
			this.addFieldError("phone", "phone format error");
			this.addActionError("phone format error");
		}
		/*
		 * 错误信息被默认放到struts2默认Map集合errors
		 */
	}
	

}
</span>
struts.xml
<span style="font-size:18px;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd">
<struts>
<!--表单校验
要求：
用户名：不为空，大于6位小于11位
密码：不为空，大于6位小于11位，两次输入的密码一致
年龄：不为空 0-150岁
邮箱：不为空，符合邮箱格式
电话：不为空，符合电话号码格式

  -->
<package name="action" extends="struts-default">
<action name="checkAction" class="action.CheckAction">
<result name="suceess">/success.jsp</result>
<result name="input">/index.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>    
</span>

index.jsp 

<span style="font-size:18px;"><%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<%
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
  
  </head>
  
  <body>
  <s:fielderror cssStyle="color:red"/>
  <hr>
  <s:actionerror cssStyle="color:red"/>
 <form method="post" action="<%=path %>/checkAction.action">
 username:<input type="text" name="username">${errors.username[0]}<br>
 password:<input type="password" name="password">${erros.password[0]}<br>
 submitPassword:<input type="password" name="submitPassword">${erros.submitPassword[0]}<br>
 age:<input type="text" name="age">${errors.age[0]}<br>
 phone:<input type="text" name="phone">${errors.phone[0]}<br>
 email:<input type="text" name="email">${errors.email[0]}<br>
 <button type="submit">submit</button>
 
 </form>
  </body>
</html>
</span>


xml配置方式实现步骤

1 创建struts2项目

2 编写普通表单

3 在jsp中加入<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>

4 在表单中加入两种struts2中提供的两种校验级别错误

<s:fielderror   cssStyle=" " />

<s:actionerror  cssStyle=" " />

通常发生属性级别的校验错误，通常被放入fielderror对象中；如果发生action级别的校验错误，通常

被放入actionerror对象中

       单属性方式页面错误信息:${errors.username[0]}

对象方式页面错误信息:${errors.user["username"][0]} 

5 创建Action类，在struts.xml中配置

一定要配置一个result，name为input,value为校验失败要跳转到的页面

6 在action类的同包下创建一个xml配置文件

该文件用于写检验信息

命名规则：Action名-validation.xml

7 编写xml配置文件的校验信息


bean.Users.java

<span style="font-size:18px;">package bean;

public class Users {

	private String username;
	private String password;
	private String submitPassword;
	private int age;
	private String email;
	private String phone;
	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}
	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	public String getSubmitPassword() {
		return submitPassword;
	}
	public void setSubmitPassword(String submitPassword) {
		this.submitPassword = submitPassword;
	}
	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	public String getEmail() {
		return email;
	}
	public void setEmail(String email) {
		this.email = email;
	}
	public String getPhone() {
		return phone;
	}
	public void setPhone(String phone) {
		this.phone = phone;
	}
}
</span>


action.CheckAction.java
<span style="font-size:18px;">package action;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

import bean.Users;

public class CheckAction extends ActionSupport {
	private Users user;

	@Override
	public String execute() throws Exception {
		
		return "success";
	}

	public Users getUser() {
		return user;
	}

	public void setUser(Users user) {
		this.user = user;
	}
	

}
</span>
bean.CheckAction-validation.xml 

<span style="font-size:18px;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE validators>
<validators>

<field name="user.username">

<field-validator type="requiredstring">
<param name="trim">true</param>
<message>用户名不为空</message>
</field-validator>

<!--验证用户名只能是字幕或数字，长度为6-12  -->
<field-validator type="regex">
<param name="expression">
<![CDATA[(\w{6,25})]]>
</param>
<message>输入的用户名必须为6-12个字母或数字</message>
</field-validator>

</field>

<field name="user.password">

<field-validator type="requiredstring">
<param name="trim">true</param>
<message>密码不为空</message>
</field-validator>

<!--验证密码只能是字母或数字，长度为6-12  -->
<field-validator type="stringlength">
<param name="minLength">6</param>
<param name="maxLength">12</param>
<message>输入的密码必须为6-12个字母或数字</message>
</field-validator>

<field-validator type="fieldexression">
<param name="expression">
<![CDATA[(user.submitPassword==user.password)]]>
</param>
<message>两次密码必须一致</message>
</field-validator>

</field>

<field name="user.age">

<field-validator type="int">
<param name="min">0</param>
<param name="max">150</param>
<message>年龄范围不正确</message>
</field-validator>

</field>

<field name="user.email">

<field-validator type="email">
<message>邮箱格式不正确</message>
</field-validator>

</field>

<field name="user.phone">

<field-validator type="regex">
<param name="expression">
<![CDATA[^((\(\d{3}\))|(\d{3}\-))?13[0-9]\d{8}|15[89]\d{8}]]>
</param>
<message>电话号码格式不正确</message>
</field-validator>

</field>

</validators></span>


struts.xml 

<span style="font-size:18px;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="action" extends="struts-default">
<action name="checkAction" class="action.CheckAction">
<result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
<result name="input">/index.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>

</struts>    
</span>

index.jsp 

<span style="font-size:18px;"><%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<%
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
  
  </head>
  
  <body>
  <s:fielderror cssStyle="color:red"/>
  <hr>
  <s:actionerror cssStyle="color:red"/>
 <form method="post" action="<%=path %>/checkAction.action">
 username:<input type="text" name="user.username">${errors["user.username"][0]}<br>
 password:<input type="password" name="user.password">${erros["user.password"][0]}<br>
 submitPassword:<input type="password" name="user.submitPassword">${erros["user.submitPassword"][0]}<br>
 age:<input type="text" name="user.age">${errors["user.age"][0]}<br>
 phone:<input type="text" name="user.phone">${errors["user.phone"][0]}<br>
 email:<input type="text" name="user.email">${errors["user.email"][0]}<br>
 <button type="submit">submit</button>
 
 </form>
  </body>
</html>
</span>
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