29 专业英语2

本文探讨了软件需求定义阶段的目标,即生成清晰、完整、一致且可测试的技术需求规格说明。文章详细介绍了需求定义团队如何通过迭代过程,将系统的宽泛需求转化为详细的功能规格和准则,以及如何从高级需求和系统概念中导出详细需求。

122[单项选择题]The prototyping method is a dynamic design processes. which requires people who use prototyping method to have the following capability of ( ).

AProficient program expertise

BImmediately acquire requirement

CCoordinate & organize eloquently

DHandle tools smartly

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】本题的含义是,原型设计方法是一个动态的设计过程,需要使用原型法的人具备以下能力,选项B,需要具备及时获取需求的能力

123[单项选择题]Estimating schedule activity costs involves developing an(1 )of the costs of the resources needed to complete each schedule activity. Cost estimating includes identifying and considering various costing alternatives. For example, in most application areas, additional work during a design phase is widely held to have the potential for reducing the cost of the execution phase and product operations. The cost estimating process considers whether the expected savings can offset the cost of the additional design work. Cost estimates are generally expressed in units of (2 )to facilitate comparisons both within and across projects. The(3 )describes the business need, justification, requirements, and current boundaries for the project. It provides important information about project requirements that is considered during cost estimating.

facilitate comparisons both within and across projects. The(3 )describes the business need, justification, requirements, and current boundaries for the project. It provides important information about project requirements that is considered during cost estimating.

Aproject scope statement

Bstatement of work

Cproject management plan

Dproject policy

参考答案:A
解析:算计划活动的成本涉及及估算完成每项计划活动所需资源的近似成本。成本估算包括识别和考虑各种成本计算方案。例如,在大多数的应用领域,普遍在涉及阶段多做些额外工作以降低执行阶段和产品运行时的潜在成本。成本估算过程考虑预期的成本节省是否能够弥补额外设计工作的成本。成本估算一般以货币单位表示,以利于在项目内和项目间进行比较。项目范围说明书描述了项目的商业要求、理由、需求和当前边界。它提供了关于在成本估算时必须考虑的项目需求的中重要信息。

Estimating schedule activity costs involves developing an(1 )of the costs of the resources needed to complete each schedule activity. Cost estimating includes identifying and considering various costing alternatives. For example, in most application areas, additional work during a design phase is widely held to have the potential for reducing the cost of the execution phase and product operations. The cost estimating process considers whether the expected savings can offset the cost of the additional design work. Cost estimates are generally expressed in units of     (2)to facilitate comparisons both within and across projects. The(3 )describes the business need, justification, requirements, and current boundaries for the project. It provides important information about project requirements that is considered during cost estimating.

Aactivity

Bwork

Ccurrency

Dtime

参考答案:C
解析:算计划活动的成本涉及及估算完成每项计划活动所需资源的近似成本。成本估算包括识别和考虑各种成本计算方案。例如,在大多数的应用领域,普遍在涉及阶段多做些额外工作以降低执行阶段和产品运行时的潜在成本。成本估算过程考虑预期的成本节省是否能够弥补额外设计工作的成本。成本估算一般以货币单位表示,以利于在项目内和项目间进行比较。项目范围说明书描述了项目的商业要求、理由、需求和当前边界。它提供了关于在成本估算时必须考虑的项目需求的中重要信息。

Estimating schedule activity costs involves developing an(1 )of the costs of the resources needed to complete each schedule activity. Cost estimating includes identifying and considering various costing alternatives. For example, in most application areas, additional work during a design phase is widely held to have the potential for reducing the cost of the execution phase and product operations. The cost estimating process considers whether the expected savings can offset the cost of the additional design work. Cost estimates are generally expressed in units of     (2)to facilitate comparisons both within and across projects. The(3 )describes the business need, justification, requirements, and current boundaries for the project. It provides important information about project requirements that is considered during cost estimating.

Aaccuracy

B approximation

C specification

D  summary

参考答案:B
解析:算计划活动的成本涉及及估算完成每项计划活动所需资源的近似成本。成本估算包括识别和考虑各种成本计算方案。例如,在大多数的应用领域,普遍在涉及阶段多做些额外工作以降低执行阶段和产品运行时的潜在成本。成本估算过程考虑预期的成本节省是否能够弥补额外设计工作的成本。成本估算一般以货币单位表示,以利于在项目内和项目间进行比较。项目范围说明书描述了项目的商业要求、理由、需求和当前边界。它提供了关于在成本估算时必须考虑的项目需求的中重要信息。

【题目解析】算计划活动的成本涉及及估算完成每项计划活动所需资源的近似成本。成本估算包括识别和考虑各种成本计算方案。例如,在大多数的应用领域,普遍在涉及阶段多做些额外工作以降低执行阶段和产品运行时的潜在成本。成本估算过程考虑预期的成本节省是否能够弥补额外设计工作的成本。成本估算一般以货币单位表示,以利于在项目内和项目间进行比较。项目范围说明书描述了项目的商业要求、理由、需求和当前边界。它提供了关于在成本估算时必须考虑的项目需求的中重要信息。

124[单项选择题]Information is no good to you if you can’t ( ) it.The location dimension of information means having access to access to information no where you are.

Aaccess

Bmake

Clearn

Dbring

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】如果你不能获得(access )信息,它对你来说是没用用途的。信息的空间维度意味着无论你身在何处都可以获得信息

125[单项选择题]The( )technique involves using project characteristics in a mathematical model to predict total project costs. Models can be simple or complex.

ACost Aggregation

BReserve Analysis

CParametric Estimating

DFunding Limit Reconciliation

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】参数估算设计在一个数学模型中利用项目特性来预测整体项目成本。模型可以是简单的也可以是复杂的。

126[单项选择题]For nearly  ten years,  the Unified Modeling Language  (UML) has been  the  industrystandard  for  visualizing,  specifying,  constructing,  and documenting  the(1) of  a software-intensive system. As the (2)standard modeling language, the UML facilitates communication and reduces confusion among project  (3) The recent standardization of UML 2.0 has  further extended  the  language’s scope and viability.  Its  inherent expressiveness allows  users  to (4) everything  from  enterprise  information  systems  and  distributed Web-based applications to real-time embedded systems. The UML  is not  limited  to modeling software. In fact,  it  is expressive enough  to model (5) systems, such as workflow in the legal system, the structure and behavior of a patien healthcare system, software engineering in aircraft combat systems, and the design  of hardware. To understand the UML, you need to form a conceptual model of the language, and this requires learning three major elements: the UML’s basic building blocks, the rules that dictate how  those  building  blocks may  be  put  together,  and  some  common mechanisms  that  apply throughout the UML.

For nearly  ten years,  the Unified Modeling Language  (UML) has been  the  industrystandard  for  visualizing,  specifying,  constructing,  and documenting  the(1)of  a software-intensive system. As the (2)standard modeling language, the UML facilitates communication and reduces confusion among project  (3) The recent standardization of UML 2.0 has  further extended  the  language’s scope and viability.  Its  inherent expressiveness allows  users  to (4) everything  from  enterprise  information  systems  and  distributed Web-based applications to real-time embedded systems. The UML  is not  limited  to modeling software. In fact,  it  is expressive enough  to model (5) systems, such as workflow in the legal system, the structure and behavior of a patien healthcare system, software engineering in aircraft combat systems, and the design  of hardware. To understand the UML, you need to form a conceptual model of the language, and this requires learning three major elements: the UML’s basic building blocks, the rules that dictate how  those  building  blocks may  be  put  together,  and  some  common mechanisms  that  apply throughout the UML.

Anon-hardware

Bnon-software

Chardware

Dsoftware

参考答案:B
解析:近十年来,统一建模语言(UML)己经成为工业标准,它可用来可视化、规范化说 明、构建以及文档化软件密集系统中的开发制品。作为事实上的工业标准,UML能够方 便项目相关人员的沟通并减少理解上的二义问题。UML 2.0标准扩宽了该语言的应用范围,它所具有的表达能力能够让用户对企业信息系统、分布式Web系统和嵌入式实时系统进行建模。
UML不仅能够对软件系统进行建模,实际上,它具有足够的能力去对法律系统中的 工作流、病人监护系统中的结构和行为、飞行战斗系统和硬件系统进行建模。
为了理解UML,需要具备该语言的概念模型,这需要学习三个主要元素:UML的基本构造块,基本构造块的关系规则和应用这些构造块与规则的通用机制。
(1) D (2) C (3) D (4) A (5) B

For nearly  ten years,  the Unified Modeling Language  (UML) has been  the  industrystandard  for  visualizing,  specifying,  constructing,  and documenting  the(1)of  a software-intensive system. As the (2)standard modeling language, the UML facilitates communication and reduces confusion among project  (3) The recent standardization of UML 2.0 has  further extended  the  language’s scope and viability.  Its  inherent expressiveness allows  users  to (4) everything  from  enterprise  information  systems  and  distributed Web-based applications to real-time embedded systems. The UML  is not  limited  to modeling software. In fact,  it  is expressive enough  to model (5) systems, such as workflow in the legal system, the structure and behavior of a patien healthcare system, software engineering in aircraft combat systems, and the design  of hardware. To understand the UML, you need to form a conceptual model of the language, and this requires learning three major elements: the UML’s basic building blocks, the rules that dictate how  those  building  blocks may  be  put  together,  and  some  common mechanisms  that  apply throughout the UML.

Amodel

Bcode

Ctest

Dmodify

参考答案:A
解析:近十年来,统一建模语言(UML)己经成为工业标准,它可用来可视化、规范化说 明、构建以及文档化软件密集系统中的开发制品。作为事实上的工业标准,UML能够方 便项目相关人员的沟通并减少理解上的二义问题。UML 2.0标准扩宽了该语言的应用范围,它所具有的表达能力能够让用户对企业信息系统、分布式Web系统和嵌入式实时系统进行建模。
UML不仅能够对软件系统进行建模,实际上,它具有足够的能力去对法律系统中的 工作流、病人监护系统中的结构和行为、飞行战斗系统和硬件系统进行建模。
为了理解UML,需要具备该语言的概念模型,这需要学习三个主要元素:UML的基本构造块,基本构造块的关系规则和应用这些构造块与规则的通用机制。
(1) D (2) C (3) D (4) A (5) B

For nearly  ten years,  the Unified Modeling Language  (UML) has been  the  industrystandard  for  visualizing,  specifying,  constructing,  and documenting  the(1)of  a software-intensive system. As the (2)standard modeling language, the UML facilitates communication and reduces confusion among project  (3) The recent standardization of UML 2.0 has  further extended  the  language’s scope and viability.  Its  inherent expressiveness allows  users  to (4) everything  from  enterprise  information  systems  and  distributed Web-based applications to real-time embedded systems. The UML  is not  limited  to modeling software. In fact,  it  is expressive enough  to model (5) systems, such as workflow in the legal system, the structure and behavior of a patien healthcare system, software engineering in aircraft combat systems, and the design  of hardware. To understand the UML, you need to form a conceptual model of the language, and this requires learning three major elements: the UML’s basic building blocks, the rules that dictate how  those  building  blocks may  be  put  together,  and  some  common mechanisms  that  apply throughout the UML.

Aclasses

Bcomponents

Csequences

Dartifacts

参考答案:D
解析:近十年来,统一建模语言(UML)己经成为工业标准,它可用来可视化、规范化说 明、构建以及文档化软件密集系统中的开发制品。作为事实上的工业标准,UML能够方 便项目相关人员的沟通并减少理解上的二义问题。UML 2.0标准扩宽了该语言的应用范围,它所具有的表达能力能够让用户对企业信息系统、分布式Web系统和嵌入式实时系统进行建模。
UML不仅能够对软件系统进行建模,实际上,它具有足够的能力去对法律系统中的 工作流、病人监护系统中的结构和行为、飞行战斗系统和硬件系统进行建模。
为了理解UML,需要具备该语言的概念模型,这需要学习三个主要元素:UML的基本构造块,基本构造块的关系规则和应用这些构造块与规则的通用机制。
(1) D (2) C (3) D (4) A (5) B

For nearly  ten years,  the Unified Modeling Language  (UML) has been  the  industrystandard  for  visualizing,  specifying,  constructing,  and documenting  the(1)of  a software-intensive system. As the (2)standard modeling language, the UML facilitates communication and reduces confusion among project  (3) The recent standardization of UML 2.0 has  further extended  the  language’s scope and viability.  Its  inherent expressiveness allows  users  to (4) everything  from  enterprise  information  systems  and  distributed Web-based applications to real-time embedded systems. The UML  is not  limited  to modeling software. In fact,  it  is expressive enough  to model (5) systems, such as workflow in the legal system, the structure and behavior of a patien healthcare system, software engineering in aircraft combat systems, and the design  of hardware. To understand the UML, you need to form a conceptual model of the language, and this requires learning three major elements: the UML’s basic building blocks, the rules that dictate how  those  building  blocks may  be  put  together,  and  some  common mechanisms  that  apply throughout the UML.

Ainvestors

Bdevelopers

Cdesigners

Dstakeholders

参考答案:D
解析:近十年来,统一建模语言(UML)己经成为工业标准,它可用来可视化、规范化说 明、构建以及文档化软件密集系统中的开发制品。作为事实上的工业标准,UML能够方 便项目相关人员的沟通并减少理解上的二义问题。UML 2.0标准扩宽了该语言的应用范围,它所具有的表达能力能够让用户对企业信息系统、分布式Web系统和嵌入式实时系统进行建模。
UML不仅能够对软件系统进行建模,实际上,它具有足够的能力去对法律系统中的 工作流、病人监护系统中的结构和行为、飞行战斗系统和硬件系统进行建模。
为了理解UML,需要具备该语言的概念模型,这需要学习三个主要元素:UML的基本构造块,基本构造块的关系规则和应用这些构造块与规则的通用机制。
(1) D (2) C (3) D (4) A (5) B

For nearly  ten years,  the Unified Modeling Language  (UML) has been  the  industrystandard  for  visualizing,  specifying,  constructing,  and documenting  the(1)of  a software-intensive system. As the (2)standard modeling language, the UML facilitates communication and reduces confusion among project  (3) The recent standardization of UML 2.0 has  further extended  the  language’s scope and viability.  Its  inherent expressiveness allows  users  to (4) everything  from  enterprise  information  systems  and  distributed Web-based applications to real-time embedded systems. The UML  is not  limited  to modeling software. In fact,  it  is expressive enough  to model (5) systems, such as workflow in the legal system, the structure and behavior of a patien healthcare system, software engineering in aircraft combat systems, and the design  of hardware. To understand the UML, you need to form a conceptual model of the language, and this requires learning three major elements: the UML’s basic building blocks, the rules that dictate how  those  building  blocks may  be  put  together,  and  some  common mechanisms  that  apply throughout the UML.

Areal

Blegal

Cde facto

Dillegal

参考答案:C
解析:近十年来,统一建模语言(UML)己经成为工业标准,它可用来可视化、规范化说 明、构建以及文档化软件密集系统中的开发制品。作为事实上的工业标准,UML能够方 便项目相关人员的沟通并减少理解上的二义问题。UML 2.0标准扩宽了该语言的应用范围,它所具有的表达能力能够让用户对企业信息系统、分布式Web系统和嵌入式实时系统进行建模。
UML不仅能够对软件系统进行建模,实际上,它具有足够的能力去对法律系统中的 工作流、病人监护系统中的结构和行为、飞行战斗系统和硬件系统进行建模。
为了理解UML,需要具备该语言的概念模型,这需要学习三个主要元素:UML的基本构造块,基本构造块的关系规则和应用这些构造块与规则的通用机制。
(1) D (2) C (3) D (4) A (5) B

【题目解析】近十年来,统一建模语言(UML)己经成为工业标准,它可用来可视化、规范化说 明、构建以及文档化软件密集系统中的开发制品。作为事实上的工业标准,UML能够方 便项目相关人员的沟通并减少理解上的二义问题。UML 2.0标准扩宽了该语言的应用范围,它所具有的表达能力能够让用户对企业信息系统、分布式Web系统和嵌入式实时系统进行建模。
UML不仅能够对软件系统进行建模,实际上,它具有足够的能力去对法律系统中的 工作流、病人监护系统中的结构和行为、飞行战斗系统和硬件系统进行建模。
为了理解UML,需要具备该语言的概念模型,这需要学习三个主要元素:UML的基本构造块,基本构造块的关系规则和应用这些构造块与规则的通用机制。
(1) D (2) C (3) D (4) A (5) B

127[单项选择题]Supervision will manage the inplenentation and the configuration of the different,types of project docunents,not including( ).

Aconpile

Bfornat

Cversion

Dchange

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】本题是含义主要是,监理针对项目的各种类型的实施和配置文档进行管理,所以选项A不是监理所需要管理的内容,选择答案A正确。

128[单项选择题]Project manager believes that modifying the project scop may provide added value for the customer.The project manager should( ).

Achange the scope baseline

Bcontact the customer to determine if the change adds value

Ccall a meeting of the change control board

Dchange the project’s objectives

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】项目经理相信范围变更会给客户带来更多的价值,项目经理应该先联系客户以确认变更是否能够带来价值(contact the customer to determine if the change adds value)

129[单项选择题]The strategies for handling risk comprise of two main types:negative risks, and positive risks.The goal of the plan is to minimize threats and maximize opportunities.When dealing with negative risks,there are three main response strategies( ),Transfer ,Mitigate .

AChallenge

BExploit

CAvoid

DEnhance

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】风险应对策略包括两种类型:负面风险的应对策略和正向风险的应对策略。风险应对计划的目标是最小化威胁,并且最大化机会。处理负面风险有三种典型的战略:回避、转移和减轻。
选项A是挑战,选项B是开发,选项C是避免,选项D是提高。

130[单项选择题]ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) technology combines connection oriented mechanism and () mechanism.

Acircuit switching

Bpacket switching

Cmessage switching

Dvoice switching

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】ATM(异步传输)技术结合了面向连接机制和()机制的技术
A、电路交换
B、报文交换
C、信息交换
D、语音交换

131[单项选择题]System analysis is traditionally done top-down using structured analysis based on ( ).

Adata inheritance

Bfunctional decomposition

Cobject abstraction

Dinformation generalization

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】传统的系统分析是以功能分解(functional decomposition)为基础,利用结构化分析自顶向下完成。

132[单项选择题]During the risk analysis process. it is determined that one identified risk event cannot be avoided, mitigated, or insured. This risk event is a critical item that could cause the project to fail if it occurs. The best option for the project manager is to: ( )

AContinue to search for an insurance company that would assume the risk

BPlace special emphasis on the risk event to intensely manage that item and all interfacing items

CPlay down the risk and the team will find a means of overcoming any failure

DIgnore the risk assessment because any assigned value is a point estimate which is never precisely the expected state of nature

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】在项目风险分析过程中,可以确定一个已被识别的风险事件是不可能避免.减轻或转移的。该风险亊件是项目的一个关键因素•如果它发生了.則可能导致项目失败。对于项目经理而言,最好的选择是不断地寻找保险公司以规避风险•

133[单项选择题]The purpose of the requirements definition phase is to produce a clear, complete, consistent, and testable  (1)  of the technical requirements for the software product.During the requirements definition phase, the requirements definition team uses an iterative process to expand a broad statement of the system requirements into a complete and detailed specification of each function that the software must perform and each  (2)  that it must meet.The starting point is usually a set of high-level requirements from the  (3)  that describe the project or problem.In either case, the requirements definition team formulates an overall concept for the system and then defines  (4)  showing how the system will be operated, publishes the system and operations concept document, and conducts a system concept review(SCR).Following the SCR, the team derives  (5)  requirements for the system from the high level requirements and the system and operations concept. Using structured or object-oriented analysis, the team specifies the software functions and algorithms needed to satisfy each detailed requirement.

1.The purpose of the requirements definition phase is to produce a clear, complete, consistent, and testable  (1)  of the technical requirements for the software product.During the requirements definition phase, the requirements definition team uses an iterative process to expand a broad statement of the system requirements into a complete and detailed specification of each function that the software must perform and each  (2)  that it must meet.The starting point is usually a set of high-level requirements from the  (3)  that describe the project or problem.In either case, the requirements definition team formulates an overall concept for the system and then defines  (4)  showing how the system will be operated, publishes the system and operations concept document, and conducts a system concept review(SCR).Following the SCR, the team derives  (5)  requirements for the system from the high level requirements and the system and operations concept. Using structured or object-oriented analysis, the team specifies the software functions and algorithms needed to satisfy each detailed requirement.

Acriterion

Bstandard

Cmodel

Dsystem

参考答案:A
解析:需求定义阶段的作用就是为软件产品产生一个清晰的、完整的、一致的、可测试的技术需求规格说明。在需求定义阶段,需求定义团队通过迭代过程把有关节系统需求的宽泛的陈述扩展成系列化统必须实现的各个功能的、完整而详细的规格说明,以及系列化统应该满足的各种准则。这个过程的起点通常是由用户提供的描述项目或问题的一组高级需求。在任何情况下,需求定义团队应该阐明与系统有关的整体概念,并且设定一种能够显示系统如何运作的情景,发布有关系统和运行的概念文档,并进行系统概念的评审(SCR)。在SCR之后,团队应该根据高级需求和系统运行概念导出详细的系统需求。通过结构化的或面向对象的分析技术,团队可以规范系统功能,说明满足每一细节需求的算法。

2.The purpose of the requirements definition phase is to produce a clear, complete, consistent, and testable  (1)  of the technical requirements for the software product.During the requirements definition phase, the requirements definition team uses an iterative process to expand a broad statement of the system requirements into a complete and detailed specification of each function that the software must perform and each  (2)  that it must meet.The starting point is usually a set of high-level requirements from the  (3)  that describe the project or problem.In either case, the requirements definition team formulates an overall concept for the system and then defines  (4)  showing how the system will be operated, publishes the system and operations concept document, and conducts a system concept review(SCR).Following the SCR, the team derives  (5)  requirements for the system from the high level requirements and the system and operations concept. Using structured or object-oriented analysis, the team specifies the software functions and algorithms needed to satisfy each detailed requirement.

Acotailed

Boutlined

Ctotal

Dcomplete

参考答案:A
解析:需求定义阶段的作用就是为软件产品产生一个清晰的、完整的、一致的、可测试的技术需求规格说明。在需求定义阶段,需求定义团队通过迭代过程把有关节系统需求的宽泛的陈述扩展成系列化统必须实现的各个功能的、完整而详细的规格说明,以及系列化统应该满足的各种准则。这个过程的起点通常是由用户提供的描述项目或问题的一组高级需求。在任何情况下,需求定义团队应该阐明与系统有关的整体概念,并且设定一种能够显示系统如何运作的情景,发布有关系统和运行的概念文档,并进行系统概念的评审(SCR)。在SCR之后,团队应该根据高级需求和系统运行概念导出详细的系统需求。通过结构化的或面向对象的分析技术,团队可以规范系统功能,说明满足每一细节需求的算法。

3.The purpose of the requirements definition phase is to produce a clear, complete, consistent, and testable  (1)  of the technical requirements for the software product.During the requirements definition phase, the requirements definition team uses an iterative process to expand a broad statement of the system requirements into a complete and detailed specification of each function that the software must perform and each  (2)  that it must meet.The starting point is usually a set of high-level requirements from the  (3)  that describe the project or problem.In either case, the requirements definition team formulates an overall concept for the system and then defines  (4)  showing how the system will be operated, publishes the system and operations concept document, and conducts a system concept review(SCR).Following the SCR, the team derives  (5)  requirements for the system from the high level requirements and the system and operations concept. Using structured or object-oriented analysis, the team specifies the software functions and algorithms needed to satisfy each detailed requirement.

Arules

Bprinciples

Cscenarios

Dscenes

参考答案:C
解析:需求定义阶段的作用就是为软件产品产生一个清晰的、完整的、一致的、可测试的技术需求规格说明。在需求定义阶段,需求定义团队通过迭代过程把有关节系统需求的宽泛的陈述扩展成系列化统必须实现的各个功能的、完整而详细的规格说明,以及系列化统应该满足的各种准则。这个过程的起点通常是由用户提供的描述项目或问题的一组高级需求。在任何情况下,需求定义团队应该阐明与系统有关的整体概念,并且设定一种能够显示系统如何运作的情景,发布有关系统和运行的概念文档,并进行系统概念的评审(SCR)。在SCR之后,团队应该根据高级需求和系统运行概念导出详细的系统需求。通过结构化的或面向对象的分析技术,团队可以规范系统功能,说明满足每一细节需求的算法。

4.The purpose of the requirements definition phase is to produce a clear, complete, consistent, and testable  (1)  of the technical requirements for the software product.During the requirements definition phase, the requirements definition team uses an iterative process to expand a broad statement of the system requirements into a complete and detailed specification of each function that the software must perform and each  (2)  that it must meet.The starting point is usually a set of high-level requirements from the  (3)  that describe the project or problem.In either case, the requirements definition team formulates an overall concept for the system and then defines  (4)  showing how the system will be operated, publishes the system and operations concept document, and conducts a system concept review(SCR).Following the SCR, the team derives  (5)  requirements for the system from the high level requirements and the system and operations concept. Using structured or object-oriented analysis, the team specifies the software functions and algorithms needed to satisfy each detailed requirement.

Aproducer

Bcustomer

Cprogrammer

Danalyser

参考答案:B
解析:需求定义阶段的作用就是为软件产品产生一个清晰的、完整的、一致的、可测试的技术需求规格说明。在需求定义阶段,需求定义团队通过迭代过程把有关节系统需求的宽泛的陈述扩展成系列化统必须实现的各个功能的、完整而详细的规格说明,以及系列化统应该满足的各种准则。这个过程的起点通常是由用户提供的描述项目或问题的一组高级需求。在任何情况下,需求定义团队应该阐明与系统有关的整体概念,并且设定一种能够显示系统如何运作的情景,发布有关系统和运行的概念文档,并进行系统概念的评审(SCR)。在SCR之后,团队应该根据高级需求和系统运行概念导出详细的系统需求。通过结构化的或面向对象的分析技术,团队可以规范系统功能,说明满足每一细节需求的算法。

5.The purpose of the requirements definition phase is to produce a clear, complete, consistent, and testable  (1)  of the technical requirements for the software product.During the requirements definition phase, the requirements definition team uses an iterative process to expand a broad statement of the system requirements into a complete and detailed specification of each function that the software must perform and each  (2)  that it must meet.The starting point is usually a set of high-level requirements from the  (3)  that describe the project or problem.In either case, the requirements definition team formulates an overall concept for the system and then defines  (4)  showing how the system will be operated, publishes the system and operations concept document, and conducts a system concept review(SCR).Following the SCR, the team derives  (5)  requirements for the system from the high level requirements and the system and operations concept. Using structured or object-oriented analysis, the team specifies the software functions and algorithms needed to satisfy each detailed requirement.

Afunction

Bdefinition

Cspecification

Dstatement

参考答案:C
解析:需求定义阶段的作用就是为软件产品产生一个清晰的、完整的、一致的、可测试的技术需求规格说明。在需求定义阶段,需求定义团队通过迭代过程把有关节系统需求的宽泛的陈述扩展成系列化统必须实现的各个功能的、完整而详细的规格说明,以及系列化统应该满足的各种准则。这个过程的起点通常是由用户提供的描述项目或问题的一组高级需求。在任何情况下,需求定义团队应该阐明与系统有关的整体概念,并且设定一种能够显示系统如何运作的情景,发布有关系统和运行的概念文档,并进行系统概念的评审(SCR)。在SCR之后,团队应该根据高级需求和系统运行概念导出详细的系统需求。通过结构化的或面向对象的分析技术,团队可以规范系统功能,说明满足每一细节需求的算法。

【题目解析】需求定义阶段的作用就是为软件产品产生一个清晰的、完整的、一致的、可测试的技术需求规格说明。在需求定义阶段,需求定义团队通过迭代过程把有关节系统需求的宽泛的陈述扩展成系列化统必须实现的各个功能的、完整而详细的规格说明,以及系列化统应该满足的各种准则。这个过程的起点通常是由用户提供的描述项目或问题的一组高级需求。在任何情况下,需求定义团队应该阐明与系统有关的整体概念,并且设定一种能够显示系统如何运作的情景,发布有关系统和运行的概念文档,并进行系统概念的评审(SCR)。在SCR之后,团队应该根据高级需求和系统运行概念导出详细的系统需求。通过结构化的或面向对象的分析技术,团队可以规范系统功能,说明满足每一细节需求的算法。

134[单项选择题]The ( ) process ascertains which risks have the potential of affecting the project and documenting the risks’ characteristics.

ARisk Identification

BQuantitative Risk Analysis

CQualitative Risk Analysis

DRisk Monitoring and Control

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】项目风险管理主要包括风险管理计划编制、风险识别、定性风险分析、定量风险分析、风险应对计划编制和风险监控。
其中,风险识别过程是确定哪些风险可能会对项目产生影响,并将这些风险的特征形成文档。选项A是风险识别,选项B是定量风险分析,选项C是定性风险分析,选项D是风险监控。

135[单项选择题]The customer asks your project to be completed 6 months earlier than planned.You think this target can be reached by-overlapping project activities. This approach is known as ().

Abalance engjneering

Bfast-tracking

Cleveling

Dcrashing

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】客户要求你的项目比计划提前6个月完成,你认为这个目标可以通过重叠项目活动来达到。这种方法被称为()。
A、平衡技术 
B、快速跟进 
C、分级 
D、赶工

136[单项选择题]To document your code can increase program  (1)  and make program easier to(2)

1.To document your code can increase program  (1)  and make program easier to(2)

Aexecute

Binterpret

Ccompile

Dmaintain

参考答案:D
解析:将您的程序代码文档化可以增加程序的可读性,并使程序易于维护

2.To document your code can increase program  (1)  and make program easier to(2)

Areliability

Bsecurity

Creadability

Dusability

参考答案:C
解析:将您的程序代码文档化可以增加程序的可读性,并使程序易于维护

【题目解析】将您的程序代码文档化可以增加程序的可读性,并使程序易于维护

137[单项选择题]the () is primarily concerned with acceptance of the deliverables.while quality control is primarily concerned with correctness of the deliverables and meeting the quality requirements specified for the deliverables

Averify scope

Bdefine scope

Cquality assurance

Dvalidate scope

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】验证主要关注的是接受交付,而质量控制主要关心的是交付的正确性,并满足交付规定的质量要求
A、确认范围
B、定义范围
C、质量保证
D、验证范围

138[单项选择题]The Border Gateway Protocol(BGP) is an interautonomous system  (1)  protocol. The primary function of a BGP speaking system is to exchange network  (2)  information with other BGP system. This network reachability information includes information on the list of Autonomous System(ASs) that reachability information traverses. BGP-4 provides a new set of mechanisms for supporting  (3)  interdomain routing. These mechanisms include support for advertising an IP  (4)  and eliminate the concept of network class within BGP. BGP-4 also introduces mechanisms that allow aggregation of routes, including  (5)  of AS paths. These changes provide support for the proposed supernetting scheme.

The Border Gateway Protocol(BGP) is an interautonomous system  (1)  protocol. The primary function of a BGP speaking system is to exchange network  (2)  information with other BGP system. This network reachability information includes information on the list of Autonomous System(ASs) that reachability information traverses. BGP-4 provides a new set of mechanisms for supporting  (3)  interdomain routing. These mechanisms include support for advertising an IP  (4)  and eliminate the concept of network class within BGP. BGP-4 also introduces mechanisms that allow aggregation of routes, including  (5)  of AS paths. These changes provide support for the proposed supernetting scheme.

Areservation

Brelation

Caggregation

Dconnection

参考答案:C
解析:边界网关协议BGP是自治系统间的路由协议。BGP发布系统的基本功能就是与其他BGP系统交换网络可到达性信息。这种网络可到达性倍息包含了可到达性信息穿越的自治系统的列表。BGP-4提供了一系列新的机制来支持无类别的域间路由。这些机制包括支持发布IP前缀,从而在BGP中排除了网络类别的概念。BGP-4也引入了路由聚合机制,包括AS通路的聚合。这些改变提供了对提议的超网方案的支持。
(1) C (2) B (3) D (4) A (5) C

The Border Gateway Protocol(BGP) is an interautonomous system  (1)  protocol. The primary function of a BGP speaking system is to exchange network  (2)  information with other BGP system. This network reachability information includes information on the list of Autonomous System(ASs) that reachability information traverses. BGP-4 provides a new set of mechanisms for supporting  (3)  interdomain routing. These mechanisms include support for advertising an IP  (4)  and eliminate the concept of network class within BGP. BGP-4 also introduces mechanisms that allow aggregation of routes, including  (5)  of AS paths. These changes provide support for the proposed supernetting scheme.

Aprefix

Bsuffix

Cinfix

Dreflex

参考答案:A
解析:边界网关协议BGP是自治系统间的路由协议。BGP发布系统的基本功能就是与其他BGP系统交换网络可到达性信息。这种网络可到达性倍息包含了可到达性信息穿越的自治系统的列表。BGP-4提供了一系列新的机制来支持无类别的域间路由。这些机制包括支持发布IP前缀,从而在BGP中排除了网络类别的概念。BGP-4也引入了路由聚合机制,包括AS通路的聚合。这些改变提供了对提议的超网方案的支持。
(1) C (2) B (3) D (4) A (5) C

3.The Border Gateway Protocol(BGP) is an interautonomous system  (1)  protocol. The primary function of a BGP speaking system is to exchange network  (2)  information with other BGP system. This network reachability information includes information on the list of Autonomous System(ASs) that reachability information traverses. BGP-4 provides a new set of mechanisms for supporting  (3)  interdomain routing. These mechanisms include support for advertising an IP  (4)  and eliminate the concept of network class within BGP. BGP-4 also introduces mechanisms that allow aggregation of routes, including  (5)  of AS paths. These changes provide support for the proposed supernetting scheme.

Aconnecting

Bresolving

Crouting

Dsupernetting

参考答案:C
解析:边界网关协议BGP是自治系统间的路由协议。BGP发布系统的基本功能就是与其他BGP系统交换网络可到达性信息。这种网络可到达性倍息包含了可到达性信息穿越的自治系统的列表。BGP-4提供了一系列新的机制来支持无类别的域间路由。这些机制包括支持发布IP前缀,从而在BGP中排除了网络类别的概念。BGP-4也引入了路由聚合机制,包括AS通路的聚合。这些改变提供了对提议的超网方案的支持。
(1) C (2) B (3) D (4) A (5) C

The Border Gateway Protocol(BGP) is an interautonomous system  (1)  protocol. The primary function of a BGP speaking system is to exchange network  (2)  information with other BGP system. This network reachability information includes information on the list of Autonomous System(ASs) that reachability information traverses. BGP-4 provides a new set of mechanisms for supporting  (3)  interdomain routing. These mechanisms include support for advertising an IP  (4)  and eliminate the concept of network class within BGP. BGP-4 also introduces mechanisms that allow aggregation of routes, including  (5)  of AS paths. These changes provide support for the proposed supernetting scheme.

Asecubility

Breachability

Ccapability

Dreliability

参考答案:B
解析:边界网关协议BGP是自治系统间的路由协议。BGP发布系统的基本功能就是与其他BGP系统交换网络可到达性信息。这种网络可到达性倍息包含了可到达性信息穿越的自治系统的列表。BGP-4提供了一系列新的机制来支持无类别的域间路由。这些机制包括支持发布IP前缀,从而在BGP中排除了网络类别的概念。BGP-4也引入了路由聚合机制,包括AS通路的聚合。这些改变提供了对提议的超网方案的支持。
(1) C (2) B (3) D (4) A (5) C

The Border Gateway Protocol(BGP) is an interautonomous system  (1)  protocol. The primary function of a BGP speaking system is to exchange network  (2)  information with other BGP system. This network reachability information includes information on the list of Autonomous System(ASs) that reachability information traverses. BGP-4 provides a new set of mechanisms for supporting  (3)  interdomain routing. These mechanisms include support for advertising an IP  (4)  and eliminate the concept of network class within BGP. BGP-4 also introduces mechanisms that allow aggregation of routes, including  (5)  of AS paths. These changes provide support for the proposed supernetting scheme.

Aanswerless

Bconnectionless

Cconfirmless

Dclassless

参考答案:D
解析:边界网关协议BGP是自治系统间的路由协议。BGP发布系统的基本功能就是与其他BGP系统交换网络可到达性信息。这种网络可到达性倍息包含了可到达性信息穿越的自治系统的列表。BGP-4提供了一系列新的机制来支持无类别的域间路由。这些机制包括支持发布IP前缀,从而在BGP中排除了网络类别的概念。BGP-4也引入了路由聚合机制,包括AS通路的聚合。这些改变提供了对提议的超网方案的支持。
(1) C (2) B (3) D (4) A (5) C

【题目解析】边界网关协议BGP是自治系统间的路由协议。BGP发布系统的基本功能就是与其他BGP系统交换网络可到达性信息。这种网络可到达性倍息包含了可到达性信息穿越的自治系统的列表。BGP-4提供了一系列新的机制来支持无类别的域间路由。这些机制包括支持发布IP前缀,从而在BGP中排除了网络类别的概念。BGP-4也引入了路由聚合机制,包括AS通路的聚合。这些改变提供了对提议的超网方案的支持。
(1) C (2) B (3) D (4) A (5) C

有图139[单项选择题]PDM includes four types of dependencies or precedence relationships.( ),the initiation of the successor activity, depends upon the initiation of the redecessor activity.

AStart-to-Start

BFinish-to-Finish

CStart-to-Finish

DFinish-to-Start

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】前导图法包括四种活动依赖或前导关系。开始----开始(S-S),后续活

140[单项选择题]The quality managenet plan should describe how the project managenet team will implenent its quality( ).

Aimprovement

Bcontrol

Cpolicy

Dinfcrnation

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】本题的含义是:质量计划应当描述项目管理团队将如何实现他们的质量方针

141[单项选择题]Which is the second layer from the bottom in Open System Interconnection Reference Model ? ()

AApplication

BData link

CNetwork

DSession

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】本题的含义的OSI的参与模型从下往上的第二层是哪层?
第7层 应用层(APPlicalionLayer)
第6层 表示层(PresenlstianLsyer)
第5层 会话层(session layer)
第4层 转输层(TransponLayer)
第3层 网络层(NelworkLayet)
第2层 数据链层(DslaLlmkLayer)
第1层 物理层(PhysicalLayer)

142[单项选择题]Stakeholder management refers to managing communications to satisfy needs of, and resolve issues with,project stakeholders. The ( ) is useful responsible for stakeholder management.

APMO B. CIO C. CCB D. PM

B*|项目干系人管理是指为满足干系人的需要而与之沟通,并解决所发生的问题,通常,项目经理(PM)负责项目干系人管理。

C项目管理办公室

D首席信息官

E变更控制委员会。

【参考答案】B

143[单项选择题]( )is the application of planned, systematic quality activities toensure that the project will employ all processes needed to meet requirements.

AQuality assurance (QA)

BQuality planning

CQuality control (QC)

DQuality costs

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】质量计划是质量管理的一部分,致力于制定质量目标,并规定必要的运行过程和相关资源以实现项目质量目标。
质量控制就是项目团队的管理人员采取有效措施,监督项目的具体实施结果,判断它们是否符合项目有关的质量标准,并消除产生不良结果原因的途径。
质量成本是指为满足质量要求所付出的主要成本。
质量保证是通过对质量计划的系统实施,确保项目需要的相关过程达到预期要求的质量活动。选项A是质量保证(QA),选项B是质量计划,选项C是质量控制(QC),
选项D是质量成本。因此应选择A。

144[单项选择题]which type of the backup process backs up files that have been modified since the last time all data was backed up?( )

AIncremental backup

BFull backup

CPartial backup

DDifferential backup

【参考答案】A

145[单项选择题]( )estimating is a technique for estimating the duration or cost of an activity ou project using historical data from a similar activity or project.

AParametric

BAnalogous

CThree-point

DExpert judgment

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】()估计是一项技术,用于估计活动的时间或成本,使用历史数据从类似的活动或项目。
A、参数
B、类比
C、三点
D、专家判断

146[单项选择题]A( ) is used to communicate with another computer over telephone lines.

Akeyboard

Bmodem

Cmouse

Dprinter

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】本题要表达的含义是哪个装置被用于通过电话线与另外的计算机进行通信,在几个选项中•只有Modem能承担此项工作。所以应该选择B。

147[单项选择题]The most crucial time for project risk assessment is ( ).

Awhen a problem surfaces

Bduring the planning phase

Cduring the close-out phase

Dafter the project schedule has been published

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】进行项目风险评估最关键的时候是:规划阶段
A:问题出现时
B:规划阶段
C:结束阶段
D:项目进度公布后

148[单项选择题]The earned value technique is a commonly used method of performance measurement. It integrates project scope, cost, and schedule measures to help the project management team assess project performance. If a project ’ s Schedule Performance Index(SPI=EV/PV) value less than 1.0, it means that ( ).

Athe project is ahead of its planned schedule

Bless work was completed than was planned

Cthe cost overrun for work completed

Dthe cost under-run of performance to date

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】挣值分析技术是一种综合了范围、成本、进度指标的常用绩效测量方法。它帮助项目团队评价项目绩效。如果一个项目的进度绩效指数SPI值小于1,意味着()。
A.进度超前B.进度滞后 C成本超支 D成本结余
根据《系统集成项目管理工程师教程》(全国计算机专业技术资格考试办公室组编)第9.5.3小节的内容可知,SPI值小于1表示实际进度落后于计划进度。
因此,正确答案应选B。

149[单项选择题]A PM wanted to show management, visually,how quality controls were affecting processes. The best tool to accomplish this is ( )

ACause and effect diagrams

BControl charts

CFlowcharts

DHistograms

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】项目经理要想更直观地表示出质量控制是如何影响项目进度的,最好的工具是控制图(Control charts)。

150[单项选择题]Define Activities is the process of identifying the specific actions to be performed to produce the ( ).

Aproject elements

Bwork drafts

Cwork package

Dproject deliverables

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】活动定义过程识别为了生产项目的可交付物而必须执行的具体活动。

151[单项选择题]The project manager must maintain an effective communication link with the customer’s satisfaction with the progress of the project. The projectmanager maintains this link through( ).

APeriodic project reports, periodic visits to the customer, and telephonic exchanges

BSubordinates, project team members, and the project sponsor

COne-time reports, weekly reports, and monthely reports

DThe telephone, facsimile, and data transmission

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】项目经理在整个项目实施过程中都应该经常和客户之间保持有效的沟通,沟通方式一般采取例行的正式沟通,比如定期举行项目会议,定期提交项目进展报告。在每个项目里程碑的时候都应该有一次书面韵项目进度报告,这种进度报告是在项目计划的沟通规划中就已经确定。每个阶段的项目进度报告能够让客户了解项目的进展情况,如果在项目过程中遇到项目初期未预料到的风险可以及时规避或者及时协调各种资源解决。
正式的书面沟通方式清晰,二义性少以及可以作为备忘录,也可作为双方沟通的证据,但其缺点是缺乏人性化,如果某些用语较为生硬的话,容易使双方的关系出现矛盾。
而口头的沟通方式较为人性化,也容易使双方充分了解和沟通。因此还应该通过一些非正式沟通方式与客户进行交流,比如定期给客户打电话进行项目进展情况介绍或询问系统的使用情况,周期不宜超过一个星期,要让客户时刻感觉到他很重要。如果发生问题应该立刻约好时间亲自上门,尽量在最短的时间内把问题解决。
因此正确答案应选A。

152[单项选择题]Establishing a project management timetable involves listing milestones,activities,and()with intended start and finish dates,of which the scheduling of employees may be an element

Arelationships

Bresources

Cstakeholders

Ddeliverables

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】建立项目管理的时间表需要里程碑列表、各活动、以及含有估计开始和结束时间的(),其中员工的调度被看作为元素。
A,关系
B,资源
C,干系人
D,可交付物

153[单项选择题]Establishing a project ( ) involves listen milestones, activities, and deliverables with intended start and finish dates, of which the scheduling of employees may be an element

Acost management plan

Brisk management plan

Csoope management plan

Dmanagement schedule

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】建立一个项目的(),包括里程碑,活动和可交付成果的准备,开始和完成日期,其中的员工安排可能是其中的一个元素
A、成本管理计划
B、风险管理计划
C、范围管理计划
D、项目管理计划

154[单项选择题]The Develop Project Management Plan Process includes the actions necessary to define, prepare, integrate, and coordinate all constituent plans into a ( )

AProject Scope Statement

BProject Management Plan

CForecasts

DProject Charter

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】项目管理的过程开发计划,包括采取必要的定义,准备,集成和协调所有组成到()
A.项目范围说明书 
B.项目管理计划 
C.项目预测 
D.项目章程

155[单项选择题](1) analysis emphasizes the drawing of pictorial system models to document and validate both existing and/or proposed systems.Ultimately, the system models become the(2) for designing and constructing an improved system. (3) is such a technique. The emphasis in this technique is process-centered.Systems analysts draw a series of process models called (4) . (5) is another such technique that integrates data and process concerns into constructs called objects.

1.(1) analysis emphasizes the drawing of pictorial system models to document and validate both existing and/or proposed systems.Ultimately, the system models become the(2) for designing and constructing an improved system. (3) is such a technique. The emphasis in this technique is process-centered.Systems analysts draw a series of process models called (4) . (5) is another such technique that integrates data and process concerns into constructs called objects.

AStructured analysis

BInformation Engineering

CDiscovery Prototyping

DObject-Oriented analysis

参考答案:B
解析:模型驱动的分析方法强调通过绘制图形化的系统模型来说明和验证已有的或待开发的系统。这些系统模型最终会成为设计和构建改进后的系统的蓝图。结构化分析就是这样一种方法,它是以过程为中心的。在结构化分析方法中,系统分析员所绘制的一系列过程模型被称为DFD。面向对象分析是另外一种模型驱动的分析方法,它将数据和过程统一到了一个被称为(qiuzhikejiB)对象(qiuzhikejiB)的结构中。

2.(1) analysis emphasizes the drawing of pictorial system models to document and validate both existing and/or proposed systems.Ultimately, the system models become the(2) for designing and constructing an improved system. (3) is such a technique. The emphasis in this technique is process-centered.Systems analysts draw a series of process models called (4) . (5) is another such technique that integrates data and process concerns into constructs called objects.

APrototyping

BAccelerated

CModel-driven

DIterative

参考答案:C
解析:模型驱动的分析方法强调通过绘制图形化的系统模型来说明和验证已有的或待开发的系统。这些系统模型最终会成为设计和构建改进后的系统的蓝图。结构化分析就是这样一种方法,它是以过程为中心的。在结构化分析方法中,系统分析员所绘制的一系列过程模型被称为DFD。面向对象分析是另外一种模型驱动的分析方法,它将数据和过程统一到了一个被称为(qiuzhikejiB)对象(qiuzhikejiB)的结构中。

3.(1) analysis emphasizes the drawing of pictorial system models to document and validate both existing and/or proposed systems.Ultimately, the system models become the(2) for designing and constructing an improved system. (3) is such a technique. The emphasis in this technique is process-centered.Systems analysts draw a series of process models called (4) . (5) is another such technique that integrates data and process concerns into constructs called objects.

AStructured analysis

BInformation Engineering

CDiscovery Prototyping

DObject-Oriented analysis

参考答案:A
解析:模型驱动的分析方法强调通过绘制图形化的系统模型来说明和验证已有的或待开发的系统。这些系统模型最终会成为设计和构建改进后的系统的蓝图。结构化分析就是这样一种方法,它是以过程为中心的。在结构化分析方法中,系统分析员所绘制的一系列过程模型被称为DFD。面向对象分析是另外一种模型驱动的分析方法,它将数据和过程统一到了一个被称为(qiuzhikejiB)对象(qiuzhikejiB)的结构中。

4.(1) analysis emphasizes the drawing of pictorial system models to document and validate both existing and/or proposed systems.Ultimately, the system models become the(2) for designing and constructing an improved system. (3) is such a technique. The emphasis in this technique is process-centered.Systems analysts draw a series of process models called (4) . (5) is another such technique that integrates data and process concerns into constructs called objects.

APERT

BDFD

CERD

DUML

参考答案:D
解析:模型驱动的分析方法强调通过绘制图形化的系统模型来说明和验证已有的或待开发的系统。这些系统模型最终会成为设计和构建改进后的系统的蓝图。结构化分析就是这样一种方法,它是以过程为中心的。在结构化分析方法中,系统分析员所绘制的一系列过程模型被称为DFD。面向对象分析是另外一种模型驱动的分析方法,它将数据和过程统一到了一个被称为(qiuzhikejiB)对象(qiuzhikejiB)的结构中。

5.(1) analysis emphasizes the drawing of pictorial system models to document and validate both existing and/or proposed systems.Ultimately, the system models become the(2) for designing and constructing an improved system. (3) is such a technique. The emphasis in this technique is process-centered.Systems analysts draw a series of process models called (4) . (5) is another such technique that integrates data and process concerns into constructs called objects.

Aimage

Bpicture

Clayout

Dblueprint

参考答案:D
解析:模型驱动的分析方法强调通过绘制图形化的系统模型来说明和验证已有的或待开发的系统。这些系统模型最终会成为设计和构建改进后的系统的蓝图。结构化分析就是这样一种方法,它是以过程为中心的。在结构化分析方法中,系统分析员所绘制的一系列过程模型被称为DFD。面向对象分析是另外一种模型驱动的分析方法,它将数据和过程统一到了一个被称为(qiuzhikejiB)对象(qiuzhikejiB)的结构中。

【题目解析】模型驱动的分析方法强调通过绘制图形化的系统模型来说明和验证已有的或待开发的系统。这些系统模型最终会成为设计和构建改进后的系统的蓝图。结构化分析就是这样一种方法,它是以过程为中心的。在结构化分析方法中,系统分析员所绘制的一系列过程模型被称为DFD。面向对象分析是另外一种模型驱动的分析方法,它将数据和过程统一到了一个被称为"对象"的结构中。

156[单项选择题]A work breakdown structure (WBS) is a tool used to define and group a project’s discrete work elements in a way that helps organize and define the total work scope of the project. A WBS is most useful for( ) .

Aidentifying individual tasks for a project

Bscheduling the start of tasks

Cscheduling the end of tasks

Ddetermining potential delays

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】工作分解结构(WBS)是一个用于定义和组织项目离散工作要素的工具,帮助组织和定义项目的整个工作范围。工作分解结构最重要的作用是“_______”。

157[单项选择题]Earned value analysis is an example of()。

Aperformance reporting

Bplanning control

CIshikawa diagrams

Dintegrating the project components into a whole

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】挣值分析是()的例子 
A、绩效报告 
B、进度控制 
C、石川图 
D、结合项目组成为一个整体

158[单项选择题]Several risk response strategies are available. ( ) the risk simply gives another party responsibility for its management,it does not eliminate risk.

AAvoiding

BMitigating

CAccepting

DTransferring

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】风险的转移是把风险责任转移到第三方,并没有消除风险。

159[单项选择题])describes, in detail, the project’s deliverables and the work required to create those deliverables.

Aproject scope statement

B.project requirement

Cproject charter

D.product specification

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】项目范围说明书详细描述了项目的可交付物以及为创建这些可交付物所需的工作。

160[单项选择题]In order to complete work on your projects,you have been provided confidential information from all of your clients,A university contacts you to help it in its research. Such assistance would require you to provide the university with some of the client data from your files. What should you do?()。

ARelease the information,but remove all references to the clients’ names

BProvide high-level information only

CContact your clients and seek permission to disclose the information

DDisclose the information

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】为了完成你项目的工作,你已经获得了来自客户的机密信息,一个大学联系你帮助他们研究。这需要你提供给大学的一些客户的数据从您的文件。你们会做什么? 
A、 发布信息,但将去掉所有涉及到客户的名字 
B、 只提供高层次的信息 
C、联系你的客户,寻求许可,披露的信息 
D、信息披露

161[单项选择题]The inputs of developing project management plan do not include ( ).

Aproject charter

Bstakeholder management strategy

Cproject scope statement

Doutputs from planning processes

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】制定项目管理计划的输入小包括(72) :
A.项目章程 B.干系人管理策略
C.项目范围说明书 D.计划过程输出

162[单项选择题]Fair and (1) competition in government procurement around the world is good business and good public policy. Competitive pricing, product (2)and performance improvements result from competitive practices and help ensure that government authorities get the best (3 )for the public they serve.

Fair and (1)  competition in government procurement around the world is good business  and  good  public  policy.  Competitive  pricing,  product  (2)and  performance improvements result from competitive practices and help ensure that government authorities get the best  (3 )for the public they serve.

Arecession

Binnovation

Ccrisis

Dability

参考答案:B
解析:公平、公开(open)的竞争是世界各地的政府采购中良好的贸易政策和公共政策。富有竞争力的价格、产品的创新(innovation)和绩效的提高源于竞争性实践活动,并有助于确保政府为公众提供最有价值(value)的服务 .

Fair and (1)  competition in government procurement around the world is good business  and  good  public  policy.  Competitive  pricing,  product  (2)and  performance improvements result from competitive practices and help ensure that government authorities get the best  (3 )for the public they serve.

Ahelp

Bserver

Cvalue

Dpolicy

参考答案:C
解析:公平、公开(open)的竞争是世界各地的政府采购中良好的贸易政策和公共政策。富有竞争力的价格、产品的创新(innovation)和绩效的提高源于竞争性实践活动,并有助于确保政府为公众提供最有价值(value)的服务 .

Fair and (1)  competition in government procurement around the world is good business  and  good  public  policy.  Competitive  pricing,  product  (2)and  performance improvements result from competitive practices and help ensure that government authorities get the best  (3 )for the public they serve.

Aopen

Bcontinue

Ccontinue

Dcontinue

参考答案:A
解析:公平、公开(open)的竞争是世界各地的政府采购中良好的贸易政策和公共政策。富有竞争力的价格、产品的创新(innovation)和绩效的提高源于竞争性实践活动,并有助于确保政府为公众提供最有价值(value)的服务 .

【题目解析】公平、公开(open)的竞争是世界各地的政府采购中良好的贸易政策和公共政策。富有竞争力的价格、产品的创新(innovation)和绩效的提高源于竞争性实践活动,并有助于确保政府为公众提供最有价值(value)的服务 .

163[单项选择题](1 ) is a method of constructing a project schedule network diagram that uses boxes or rectangles,referred to as nodes,to represent activites and connects them with arrows that asow the dependencies.This method includes following types of dependcies orprecedence relationships: (2 )the initiation of the successor activity, depends upon the completion of the predecessor activity.(3)the initiation of the successor activity, depends upon the initiation of the predecessor activity.

1.(1 ) is a method of constructing a project schedule network diagram that uses boxes or rectangles,referred to as nodes,to represent activites and connects them with arrows that asow the dependencies.This method includes following types of dependcies orprecedence relationships: (2 )the initiation of the successor activity, depends upon the completion of the predecessor activity.(3)the initiation of the successor activity, depends upon the initiation of the predecessor activity.

APDM

BCPM

CCPM

DAOA

参考答案:A
解析: PDM是以一种方块或矩形(或称为节点)来表示活动,并将他们用表示依存关系的箭线连接起来,以构建项目进度网络图的方法。
这种方法包括了下列依存或前导关系:
完成-开始(F-S),后续活动的开始依赖于前置活动的完成。
开始-开始(S-S),后续活动的开始依赖于前置活动的启动。

(1 ) is a method of constructing a project schedule network diagram that uses boxes or rectangles,referred to as nodes,to represent activites and connects them with arrows that asow the dependencies.This method includes following types of dependcies orprecedence relationships: (2 )the initiation of the successor activity, depends upon the completion of the predecessor activity.(3)the initiation of the successor activity, depends upon the initiation of the predecessor activity.

AF-S

BF-F

CS-F

DS-S

参考答案:D
解析: PDM是以一种方块或矩形(或称为节点)来表示活动,并将他们用表示依存关系的箭线连接起来,以构建项目进度网络图的方法。
这种方法包括了下列依存或前导关系:
完成-开始(F-S),后续活动的开始依赖于前置活动的完成。
开始-开始(S-S),后续活动的开始依赖于前置活动的启动。

3.(1 ) is a method of constructing a project schedule network diagram that uses boxes or rectangles,referred to as nodes,to represent activites and connects them with arrows that asow the dependencies.This method includes following types of dependcies orprecedence relationships: (2 )the initiation of the successor activity, depends upon the completion of the predecessor activity.(3)the initiation of the successor activity, depends upon the initiation of the predecessor activity.

AF-S

BF-F

CS-F

DS-S

参考答案:A
解析: PDM是以一种方块或矩形(或称为节点)来表示活动,并将他们用表示依存关系的箭线连接起来,以构建项目进度网络图的方法。
这种方法包括了下列依存或前导关系:
完成-开始(F-S),后续活动的开始依赖于前置活动的完成。
开始-开始(S-S),后续活动的开始依赖于前置活动的启动。

【题目解析】PDM是以一种方块或矩形(或称为节点)来表示活动,并将他们用表示依存关系的箭线连接起来,以构建项目进度网络图的方法。
这种方法包括了下列依存或前导关系:
完成-开始(F-S),后续活动的开始依赖于前置活动的完成。
开始-开始(S-S),后续活动的开始依赖于前置活动的启动。

164[单项选择题]A data warehouse is a subject-oriented data set used for reporting and analusis. Data warehouses can be subdivided into ( ). Which store subsets of data from a warehouse.

A. OLTPs

Btransactions

Cdata sarts

DOLAPs

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】数据仓库是一个面向主题的用于报告和分析的数据集。数据仓库可以细分为数据集市,即从一个仓库中存储数据的子集。
A:联机事务处理
B:交易
C:数据集市
D:联机分析处理

165[单项选择题]Schedule control is concerned with all the followings except ()

Ainfluencing the factors that create schedule changes to ensure that the changes are beneficial

Bdetermining that the schedule has changed

Cmanaging the actual changes when and as they occur

Dchanging the schedule based on customer demands

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】进度计划控制不考虑以下哪一项? 
A、对造成进度计划变更的因素施加影响,保证变更是有利的 
B、确定进度计划已经变化 
C、管理实际发生的变更 
D、根据客户需求变更进度计划

166[单项选择题]Which of the folloeing represents the estimated value of the work actually accomplished?()

AAC

BCV

CPV

DEV

【参考答案】D

167[单项选择题]In requirements engineering, requirements elicitation is the practice of collecting the requirements of a system from users, customers and other stakeholders. In the following practices, ( ) is rarely used in requirements elicitation.

Abrain storming

Binterview

Cquestionnaire

DMonte Carlo analysis

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】在需求工程中,需求获取是从用户、客户和其他干系人中选择系统需求的过程。下列方法中,()不是需求获取的方法。
A. 头脑风暴法
B. 会谈
C. 调差问卷
D. 蒙特卡洛法

168[单项选择题]The project schedule is more than a document that lays out the activities over time to representthe time dimension of the project, it is a management tool to be used for decision making. As such , the schedule is used bythe roject management team to( ).

AMeasure, delay, record, distribute , analyze, and direct

BPlan, schedule, monitor, control, report, and forecast

CPromote, highlight, monitor, control, forecast, and report

DEmphasize, visualize, analyze, conceptualize, report and record

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】项目进度计划是根据项目的目标,在项目确定的范围内、依据确定需求和质量标准、并在项目成本预算许可下,制订出来的一个周密的项目活动安排。项目进度计划告诉所有团队成员每一项活动应该何时开始、何时结束,以及这些事情完成的先后顺序。
项目经理可以根据项目进度计划安排工作、监督实施、考察进度,识别项目进度方面存在的风险与偏差,并对不适应计划进度要求的情况进行及时调整。项目进度计划可以为项目经理监视和控制项目活动提供依据;帮助确定如何最好地分配资源以期实现项目目标;帮助项目经理分析和预测进度延误对项目的影响;为各类项目管理人员对项目进展情况的跟踪和检查提供依据。
因此正确答案应选B

169[单项选择题]The project ( )is a key input to quality planning since it documents major project deliverables, the project objectives that serve to define important stakeholder requirements, thresholds, and acceptance criteria.

Awork performance information

Bscope statement

Cchange requests

Dprocess analysis

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】项目范围说明书是制定质量计划的一项关键输入,这是因为它记载了项目的主要可交付成果以及用于确定重要项目干系人需求的项目目标、限值和验收标准。

170[单项选择题]A project management technique that is currently in widespread use is the   (71)  . The purpose of this technique is to detail, in hierarchical fashion, all of the activities that are required to  meet project objectives.There are some special activities called   (72)  . which are events that signify the ccomplishment or completion of major deliverables during the project. Most system development methodologies also provide (73), whose purpose is to contain the various pieces of relevant information - feasibility assessments,schedules, needs analysis, and so forth - in a single place so that they can be presented to project clients and other related parties. Several types of important network diagrams are used in project management.  (74)  was developed to make clear the interdependence between project tasks before those tasks are scheduled.  (75) offers the advantage of clearly showing overlapping tasks.

1.A project management technique that is currently in widespread use is the   (71)  . The purpose of this technique is to detail, in hierarchical fashion, all of the activities that are required to  meet project objectives.There are some special activities called   (72)  . which are events that signify the ccomplishment or completion of major deliverables during the project. Most system development methodologies also provide (73), whose purpose is to contain the various pieces of relevant information - feasibility assessments,schedules, needs analysis, and so forth - in a single place so that they can be presented to project clients and other related parties. Several types of important network diagrams are used in project management.  (74)  was developed to make clear the interdependence between project tasks before those tasks are scheduled.  (75) offers the advantage of clearly showing overlapping tasks.

ANetwork Diagram

BCPM

CGantt chart

DPERT

参考答案:D
解析:(71) C: (72) B; (73) C; (74) D; (75) A。目前被广泛使用的一种项目管理技术就是工作分解结构(Work Breakdown Structure), 其目的是采用层次结构的方式,详细地描述为了达到项目的目标所需要进行的一些活动。在这些活动中有一些被称为里程碑(milestones)的特殊活动.这些活动中包含了标志项目的主要交付产品己经完成的事件•大多数系统开发方法都提供了基线计划(baseline plan),其目的是将一系列相关信息.如可行性评估、进度安排和需求分析等包含在一起,便于向项目的客户及相关团体展示。在项目管理中还用到了一些重要的网络图形。在对项目任务进行安排之前,可以使用PERT图清晰地展示这些任务之间的内在依赖关系。Gamt图通常应用于具有现实并行关系的任务的场合.

2.A project management technique that is currently in widespread use is the   (71)  . The purpose of this technique is to detail, in hierarchical fashion, all of the activities that are required to  meet project objectives.There are some special activities called   (72)  . which are events that signify the ccomplishment or completion of major deliverables during the project. Most system development methodologies also provide (73), whose purpose is to contain the various pieces of relevant information - feasibility assessments,schedules, needs analysis, and so forth - in a single place so that they can be presented to project clients and other related parties. Several types of important network diagrams are used in project management.  (74)  was developed to make clear the interdependence between project tasks before those tasks are scheduled.  (75) offers the advantage of clearly showing overlapping tasks.

AStructure Chan

BOrganizational Structure

CWork Breakdown Structure

DFunctional decomposition diagram

参考答案:C
解析:(71) C: (72) B; (73) C; (74) D; (75) A。目前被广泛使用的一种项目管理技术就是工作分解结构(Work Breakdown Structure), 其目的是采用层次结构的方式,详细地描述为了达到项目的目标所需要进行的一些活动。在这些活动中有一些被称为里程碑(milestones)的特殊活动.这些活动中包含了标志项目的主要交付产品己经完成的事件•大多数系统开发方法都提供了基线计划(baseline plan),其目的是将一系列相关信息.如可行性评估、进度安排和需求分析等包含在一起,便于向项目的客户及相关团体展示。在项目管理中还用到了一些重要的网络图形。在对项目任务进行安排之前,可以使用PERT图清晰地展示这些任务之间的内在依赖关系。Gamt图通常应用于具有现实并行关系的任务的场合.

3.A project management technique that is currently in widespread use is the   (71)  . The purpose of this technique is to detail, in hierarchical fashion, all of the activities that are required to  meet project objectives.There are some special activities called   (72)  . which are events that signify the ccomplishment or completion of major deliverables during the project. Most system development methodologies also provide (73), whose purpose is to contain the various pieces of relevant information - feasibility assessments,schedules, needs analysis, and so forth - in a single place so that they can be presented to project clients and other related parties. Several types of important network diagrams are used in project management.  (74)  was developed to make clear the interdependence between project tasks before those tasks are scheduled.  (75) offers the advantage of clearly showing overlapping tasks.

AGantt chart

BNetwork Diagram

CPERT

DCPM

参考答案:A
解析:(71) C: (72) B; (73) C; (74) D; (75) A。目前被广泛使用的一种项目管理技术就是工作分解结构(Work Breakdown Structure), 其目的是采用层次结构的方式,详细地描述为了达到项目的目标所需要进行的一些活动。在这些活动中有一些被称为里程碑(milestones)的特殊活动.这些活动中包含了标志项目的主要交付产品己经完成的事件•大多数系统开发方法都提供了基线计划(baseline plan),其目的是将一系列相关信息.如可行性评估、进度安排和需求分析等包含在一起,便于向项目的客户及相关团体展示。在项目管理中还用到了一些重要的网络图形。在对项目任务进行安排之前,可以使用PERT图清晰地展示这些任务之间的内在依赖关系。Gamt图通常应用于具有现实并行关系的任务的场合.

4.A project management technique that is currently in widespread use is the   (71)  . The purpose of this technique is to detail, in hierarchical fashion, all of the activities that are required to  meet project objectives.There are some special activities called   (72)  . which are events that signify the ccomplishment or completion of major deliverables during the project. Most system development methodologies also provide (73), whose purpose is to contain the various pieces of relevant information - feasibility assessments,schedules, needs analysis, and so forth - in a single place so that they can be presented to project clients and other related parties. Several types of important network diagrams are used in project management.  (74)  was developed to make clear the interdependence between project tasks before those tasks are scheduled.  (75) offers the advantage of clearly showing overlapping tasks.

Afeasibility checkpoints

Bmilestones

Citerations

Dphases

参考答案:B
解析:(71) C: (72) B; (73) C; (74) D; (75) A。目前被广泛使用的一种项目管理技术就是工作分解结构(Work Breakdown Structure), 其目的是采用层次结构的方式,详细地描述为了达到项目的目标所需要进行的一些活动。在这些活动中有一些被称为里程碑(milestones)的特殊活动.这些活动中包含了标志项目的主要交付产品己经完成的事件•大多数系统开发方法都提供了基线计划(baseline plan),其目的是将一系列相关信息.如可行性评估、进度安排和需求分析等包含在一起,便于向项目的客户及相关团体展示。在项目管理中还用到了一些重要的网络图形。在对项目任务进行安排之前,可以使用PERT图清晰地展示这些任务之间的内在依赖关系。Gamt图通常应用于具有现实并行关系的任务的场合.

5.A project management technique that is currently in widespread use is the   (71)  . The purpose of this technique is to detail, in hierarchical fashion, all of the activities that are required to  meet project objectives.There are some special activities called   (72)  . which are events that signify the ccomplishment or completion of major deliverables during the project. Most system development methodologies also provide (73), whose purpose is to contain the various pieces of relevant information - feasibility assessments,schedules, needs analysis, and so forth - in a single place so that they can be presented to project clients and other related parties. Several types of important network diagrams are used in project management.  (74)  was developed to make clear the interdependence between project tasks before those tasks are scheduled.  (75) offers the advantage of clearly showing overlapping tasks.

Astatement of work

Bproject planning

Cbaseline plan

Dinformation system planning

参考答案:C
解析:(71) C: (72) B; (73) C; (74) D; (75) A。目前被广泛使用的一种项目管理技术就是工作分解结构(Work Breakdown Structure), 其目的是采用层次结构的方式,详细地描述为了达到项目的目标所需要进行的一些活动。在这些活动中有一些被称为里程碑(milestones)的特殊活动.这些活动中包含了标志项目的主要交付产品己经完成的事件•大多数系统开发方法都提供了基线计划(baseline plan),其目的是将一系列相关信息.如可行性评估、进度安排和需求分析等包含在一起,便于向项目的客户及相关团体展示。在项目管理中还用到了一些重要的网络图形。在对项目任务进行安排之前,可以使用PERT图清晰地展示这些任务之间的内在依赖关系。Gamt图通常应用于具有现实并行关系的任务的场合.

【题目解析】(71) C: (72) B; (73) C; (74) D; (75) A。目前被广泛使用的一种项目管理技术就是工作分解结构(Work Breakdown Structure), 其目的是采用层次结构的方式,详细地描述为了达到项目的目标所需要进行的一些活动。在这些活动中有一些被称为里程碑(milestones)的特殊活动.这些活动中包含了标志项目的主要交付产品己经完成的事件•大多数系统开发方法都提供了基线计划(baseline plan),其目的是将一系列相关信息.如可行性评估、进度安排和需求分析等包含在一起,便于向项目的客户及相关团体展示。在项目管理中还用到了一些重要的网络图形。在对项目任务进行安排之前,可以使用PERT图清晰地展示这些任务之间的内在依赖关系。Gamt图通常应用于具有现实并行关系的任务的场合.

171[单项选择题]Changes may be requested by any stakeholder involved with the project, but changes can be authorized only by ( ).

Aexecutive IT manager

Bproject manger

Cchange control board

Dproject sponsor

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】项目变更可以由IT经理executive IT manager、项目管理者project manager、项目发起人project sponsor等任意项目干系人发起,但只有变更控制委员会change control board授权通过,所以选C。

172[单项选择题]( )assesses the priority of identified risks using their probability of occurring, the corresponding impact on project objectives if the risks do occur, as well as other factors such as the time frame and risk tolerance of the project constraints of cost, schedule, scope and quality.

AQuantitative Risk Analysis

BQualitative Risk Analysis

CEnterprise Environmental Factors

DRisk Management Plan

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】定性风险分析(Qualitative Risk Analysis)利用分析发生概率、风险一旦发生对项目产生的影响以及其他因素(如时间框架和项目制约条件,即成本、进度、范围和质量的风险承受度水平),对已识别风险进行优先级的评估。

173[单项选择题]It  should  go  without  saying  that  the  focus  of  UML  is  modeling.  However,  what  that means, exactly, can be an open-ended question.  (1)  is a means to capture ideas, relationships,decisions,  and  requirements  in  a  well-defined  notation  that  can  be  applied  to  many  different domains.  Modeling  not  only  means  different  things  to  different  people,  but  also  it  can  use different pieces  of UML depending on what you are trying to  convey. In general, a UML model is  made  up  of  one  or  more  (2)  .  A  diagram  graphically  represents  things,  and  the relationships between these things. These  (3)  can be representations of real-world objects,pure software constructs, or a description of the behavior of some other objects. It is common for an  individual  thing  to  show  up  on  multiple  diagrams;  each  diagram  represents  a  particular interest,  or  view,  of  the  thing  being  modeled.  UML  2.0  divides  diagrams  into  two  categories:structural  diagrams  and  behavioral  diagrams.  (4)  are  used  to  capture  the  physical organization of the things in your system, i.e., how one object relates to another.  (5)  focus on  the  behavior  of  elements  in  a  system.  For  example,  you  can  use  behavioral  diagrams  to capture requirements, operations, and internal state changes for elements.

It  should  go  without  saying  that  the  focus  of  UML  is  modeling.  However,  what  that means, exactly, can be an open-ended question.  (1)  is a means to capture ideas, relationships,decisions,  and  requirements  in  a  well-defined  notation  that  can  be  applied  to  many  different domains.  Modeling  not  only  means  different  things  to  different  people,  but  also  it  can  use different pieces  of UML depending on what you are trying to  convey. In general, a UML model is  made  up  of  one  or  more  (2)  .  A  diagram  graphically  represents  things,  and  the relationships between these things. These  (3)  can be representations of real-world objects,pure software constructs, or a description of the behavior of some other objects. It is common for an  individual  thing  to  show  up  on  multiple  diagrams;  each  diagram  represents  a  particular interest,  or  view,  of  the  thing  being  modeled.  UML  2.0  divides  diagrams  into  two  categories:

structural  diagrams  and  behavioral  diagrams.  (4)  are  used  to  capture  the  physical organization of the things in your system, i.e., how one object relates to another.  (5)  focus on  the  behavior  of  elements  in  a  system.  For  example,  you  can  use  behavioral  diagrams  to capture requirements, operations, and internal state changes for elements.

Aviews

Bdiagrams

Cuser views

Dstructure pictures

参考答案:B
解析: UML的核心关注内容是建模。然而建模是一个开放性的问题。建模是采用合适并预先定义的符号来描述捕获的思想、关系、决策和需求,并且建模可应用到多个领域。建模对不同的人有不同的含义,可以使用UML中不同的部分来描述你所要涵盖的内容。一般来说,UML模型是由一个或者多个diagram组成。一个diagram使用图形化的方式描述了事物以及事物之间的关系,而事物代表了真实世界中的对象、软件构件或对象行为。常常一个独立的事物会在多个diagram中展现,每个diagram建模了该事物的不同方面。UML 2.0将diagram分为两大类:结构化diagram和行为diagram。结构化diagram主要用于捕获系统的物理组织结构,如一个对象与其他对象的关系。行为diagram则用于捕获需求、操作以及元素内部状态的变化。

It  should  go  without  saying  that  the  focus  of  UML  is  modeling.  However,  what  that means, exactly, can be an open-ended question.  (1)  is a means to capture ideas, relationships,decisions,  and  requirements  in  a  well-defined  notation  that  can  be  applied  to  many  different domains.  Modeling  not  only  means  different  things  to  different  people,  but  also  it  can  use different pieces  of UML depending on what you are trying to  convey. In general, a UML model is  made  up  of  one  or  more  (2)  .  A  diagram  graphically  represents  things,  and  the relationships between these things. These  (3)  can be representations of real-world objects,pure software constructs, or a description of the behavior of some other objects. It is common for an  individual  thing  to  show  up  on  multiple  diagrams;  each  diagram  represents  a  particular interest,  or  view,  of  the  thing  being  modeled.  UML  2.0  divides  diagrams  into  two  categories:

structural  diagrams  and  behavioral  diagrams.  (4)  are  used  to  capture  the  physical organization of the things in your system, i.e., how one object relates to another.  (5)  focus on  the  behavior  of  elements  in  a  system.  For  example,  you  can  use  behavioral  diagrams  to capture requirements, operations, and internal state changes for elements.

AProgramming

BAnalyzing

CDesigning

DModeling

参考答案:D
解析: UML的核心关注内容是建模。然而建模是一个开放性的问题。建模是采用合适并预先定义的符号来描述捕获的思想、关系、决策和需求,并且建模可应用到多个领域。建模对不同的人有不同的含义,可以使用UML中不同的部分来描述你所要涵盖的内容。一般来说,UML模型是由一个或者多个diagram组成。一个diagram使用图形化的方式描述了事物以及事物之间的关系,而事物代表了真实世界中的对象、软件构件或对象行为。常常一个独立的事物会在多个diagram中展现,每个diagram建模了该事物的不同方面。UML 2.0将diagram分为两大类:结构化diagram和行为diagram。结构化diagram主要用于捕获系统的物理组织结构,如一个对象与其他对象的关系。行为diagram则用于捕获需求、操作以及元素内部状态的变化。

It  should  go  without  saying  that  the  focus  of  UML  is  modeling.  However,  what  that means, exactly, can be an open-ended question.  (1)  is a means to capture ideas, relationships,decisions,  and  requirements  in  a  well-defined  notation  that  can  be  applied  to  many  different domains.  Modeling  not  only  means  different  things  to  different  people,  but  also  it  can  use different pieces  of UML depending on what you are trying to  convey. In general, a UML model is  made  up  of  one  or  more  (2)  .  A  diagram  graphically  represents  things,  and  the relationships between these things. These  (3)  can be representations of real-world objects,pure software constructs, or a description of the behavior of some other objects. It is common for an  individual  thing  to  show  up  on  multiple  diagrams;  each  diagram  represents  a  particular interest,  or  view,  of  the  thing  being  modeled.  UML  2.0  divides  diagrams  into  two  categories:

structural  diagrams  and  behavioral  diagrams.  (4)  are  used  to  capture  the  physical organization of the things in your system, i.e., how one object relates to another.  (5)  focus on  the  behavior  of  elements  in  a  system.  For  example,  you  can  use  behavioral  diagrams  to capture requirements, operations, and internal state changes for elements.

AActivity diagrams

BUse-case diagrams

CStructural diagrams

DBehavioral diagrams

参考答案:D
解析: UML的核心关注内容是建模。然而建模是一个开放性的问题。建模是采用合适并预先定义的符号来描述捕获的思想、关系、决策和需求,并且建模可应用到多个领域。建模对不同的人有不同的含义,可以使用UML中不同的部分来描述你所要涵盖的内容。一般来说,UML模型是由一个或者多个diagram组成。一个diagram使用图形化的方式描述了事物以及事物之间的关系,而事物代表了真实世界中的对象、软件构件或对象行为。常常一个独立的事物会在多个diagram中展现,每个diagram建模了该事物的不同方面。UML 2.0将diagram分为两大类:结构化diagram和行为diagram。结构化diagram主要用于捕获系统的物理组织结构,如一个对象与其他对象的关系。行为diagram则用于捕获需求、操作以及元素内部状态的变化。

It  should  go  without  saying  that  the  focus  of  UML  is  modeling.  However,  what  that means, exactly, can be an open-ended question.  (1)  is a means to capture ideas, relationships,decisions,  and  requirements  in  a  well-defined  notation  that  can  be  applied  to  many  different domains.  Modeling  not  only  means  different  things  to  different  people,  but  also  it  can  use different pieces  of UML depending on what you are trying to  convey. In general, a UML model is  made  up  of  one  or  more  (2)  .  A  diagram  graphically  represents  things,  and  the relationships between these things. These  (3)  can be representations of real-world objects,pure software constructs, or a description of the behavior of some other objects. It is common for an  individual  thing  to  show  up  on  multiple  diagrams;  each  diagram  represents  a  particular interest,  or  view,  of  the  thing  being  modeled.  UML  2.0  divides  diagrams  into  two  categories:

structural  diagrams  and  behavioral  diagrams.  (4)  are  used  to  capture  the  physical organization of the things in your system, i.e., how one object relates to another.  (5)  focus on  the  behavior  of  elements  in  a  system.  For  example,  you  can  use  behavioral  diagrams  to capture requirements, operations, and internal state changes for elements.

AActivity diagrams

BUse-case diagrams

CStructural diagrams

DBehavioral diagrams

参考答案:C
解析: UML的核心关注内容是建模。然而建模是一个开放性的问题。建模是采用合适并预先定义的符号来描述捕获的思想、关系、决策和需求,并且建模可应用到多个领域。建模对不同的人有不同的含义,可以使用UML中不同的部分来描述你所要涵盖的内容。一般来说,UML模型是由一个或者多个diagram组成。一个diagram使用图形化的方式描述了事物以及事物之间的关系,而事物代表了真实世界中的对象、软件构件或对象行为。常常一个独立的事物会在多个diagram中展现,每个diagram建模了该事物的不同方面。UML 2.0将diagram分为两大类:结构化diagram和行为diagram。结构化diagram主要用于捕获系统的物理组织结构,如一个对象与其他对象的关系。行为diagram则用于捕获需求、操作以及元素内部状态的变化。

It  should  go  without  saying  that  the  focus  of  UML  is  modeling.  However,  what  that means, exactly, can be an open-ended question.  (1)  is a means to capture ideas, relationships,decisions,  and  requirements  in  a  well-defined  notation  that  can  be  applied  to  many  different domains.  Modeling  not  only  means  different  things  to  different  people,  but  also  it  can  use different pieces  of UML depending on what you are trying to  convey. In general, a UML model is  made  up  of  one  or  more  (2)  .  A  diagram  graphically  represents  things,  and  the relationships between these things. These  (3)  can be representations of real-world objects,pure software constructs, or a description of the behavior of some other objects. It is common for an  individual  thing  to  show  up  on  multiple  diagrams;  each  diagram  represents  a  particular interest,  or  view,  of  the  thing  being  modeled.  UML  2.0  divides  diagrams  into  two  categories:

structural  diagrams  and  behavioral  diagrams.  (4)  are  used  to  capture  the  physical organization of the things in your system, i.e., how one object relates to another.  (5)  focus on  the  behavior  of  elements  in  a  system.  For  example,  you  can  use  behavioral  diagrams  to capture requirements, operations, and internal state changes for elements.

Athings

Bpictures

Clanguages

Ddiagrams

参考答案:A
解析: UML的核心关注内容是建模。然而建模是一个开放性的问题。建模是采用合适并预先定义的符号来描述捕获的思想、关系、决策和需求,并且建模可应用到多个领域。建模对不同的人有不同的含义,可以使用UML中不同的部分来描述你所要涵盖的内容。一般来说,UML模型是由一个或者多个diagram组成。一个diagram使用图形化的方式描述了事物以及事物之间的关系,而事物代表了真实世界中的对象、软件构件或对象行为。常常一个独立的事物会在多个diagram中展现,每个diagram建模了该事物的不同方面。UML 2.0将diagram分为两大类:结构化diagram和行为diagram。结构化diagram主要用于捕获系统的物理组织结构,如一个对象与其他对象的关系。行为diagram则用于捕获需求、操作以及元素内部状态的变化。

【题目解析】UML的核心关注内容是建模。然而建模是一个开放性的问题。建模是采用合适并预先定义的符号来描述捕获的思想、关系、决策和需求,并且建模可应用到多个领域。建模对不同的人有不同的含义,可以使用UML中不同的部分来描述你所要涵盖的内容。一般来说,UML模型是由一个或者多个diagram组成。一个diagram使用图形化的方式描述了事物以及事物之间的关系,而事物代表了真实世界中的对象、软件构件或对象行为。常常一个独立的事物会在多个diagram中展现,每个diagram建模了该事物的不同方面。UML 2.0将diagram分为两大类:结构化diagram和行为diagram。结构化diagram主要用于捕获系统的物理组织结构,如一个对象与其他对象的关系。行为diagram则用于捕获需求、操作以及元素内部状态的变化。

174[单项选择题]Modern computers based on ( ) are millions to billions of times more capable than the early computers, which occupy a fraction of the space. Simple computers are small enough to fit into mobile devices, an mobile computers can be powered by small batteries. Personal computers in their various forms are icons of the Information Age and are what most people think of as ‘computers’.

ACentral Processing Unit

Bintegrated circuits

CHard disk

Dsoftware integration

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】与早期计算机相比,基于( )的现代计算机能力翻了上亿倍,体积缩小了很多。普通计算机可以小到放入移动设备,移动计算机可以由很小的电池供电。个人计算机是信息时代的象征,也是大多数人口中的“计算机”。
A、中央处理器
B、集成电路
C、硬盘
D、软件集成

175[单项选择题]Many useful tools and techniques are used in developing schedule.( ) is a schedule network analysis technique that modifies the project schedule to account for limited resource.

APERT

BResource levelling

CSchedule compression

DCritical chain method

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】在制定项目进度计划中有很多有用的方法和工具。如下:
PERT方法能协调整个计划的各道工序,通过描绘出项目包含的各种活动的先后次序,标明每项活动的时间或相关的成本,合理安排人力、物力、时间、资金,加速计划的完成;
Schedule compression进度压缩,是通过赶工、快速跟进等方法压缩工期,是在不改变项目范围条件下缩短项目进度的途径;
Critical chain method关键路径法计算所有计划活动理论上的最早开始与完成时间、最迟开始与完成时间,寻找活动的关键路径,通过调整关键路径进行进度制定;
Resource levelling资源平衡是根据有限资源调整项目进度的方法。
所以选D。

176[单项选择题]The communication management plan determines the information and communications needs of the stakeholders. In the following statements related to communication management plan. ( ) is false.

AThe communication management plan is contained in or is a subsidiary plan of, the project management plan.

BThe communication management plan can be formal or informal, highly detailed or broadly framed, and based on the needs of the project.

CThe communication manamgement plan organize and summarize the information gathered,and present the results of any analysis as comparedthe performance measurement baseline.

DThe communication management plan can include guidelines project status meetings,project team meetings,e-meetines,and e-mail

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】沟通管理计划用于确定项目千系人的信息需求和沟通方法,以下关于沟通管理计划的叙述中,错误的是:沟通管理计划定期收集、对比和分析基准与实际数据,以便了解和沟通项目进展与绩效情况。
A:沟通管理计划是项目管理计划的一部分或子计划
B:沟通管理计划可以根据项目需求是正式或非正式的、非常详细或高度概括的。
C:沟通管理计划定期收集、对比和分析基准与实际数据,以便了解和沟通项目进展与绩效情况。
D:沟通管理计划可包括关于状态会议、项目团队回忆、网络会议和电子邮件等的指南。

177[单项选择题]Since risk is associated with most projects, the best course of act is to()。

Acover all project risks by buying appropriate insurance

Bignore the risks ,since nothing can be done about them and move forward with the project in an expeditious manner

Cavoid projects with clear and present risk

Didentify various risks and implement actions to mitigate the potential impact

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】本题题意为:在项目风险控制中,最恰当的做法是
A意为通过购买保险覆盖所有风险。B意为无视风险,快速推进项目。C意为规避发生风险。D意为识别风险,并提供对应措施。
根据题意,正确答案为D

178[单项选择题]The (1) is a general description of the architecture of a workflow management system used by the WFMC, in which the main components and the associated interfaces are summarized. The workflow enactment service is the heart of a workflow system which consists of several (2).

The (1) is a  general description of the architecture of a workflow management system  used by  the WFMC, in which  the main components and  the associated interfaces are summarized. The workflow enactment service is the heart of a workflow system which consists of several (2).

Aworkflow engines

Bprocesses

Cworkflow threads

Dtasks

参考答案:A
解析:工作流参考模型是国际工作流管理联盟WFMC采用的、对工作流管理系统体系结构的一个通用的描述。在这个模型里,概括总结了主要的构件和相互关联的接口。工作流设定的服务是工作流系统的核心,这介核心由若干个工作流引擎驱动。

The (1) is a  general description of the architecture of a workflow management system  used by  the WFMC, in which  the main components and  the associated interfaces are summarized. The workflow enactment service is the heart of a workflow system which consists of several (2).

Awaterfall model

Bworkflow reference model

Cworkflow reference model

Dspiral model

参考答案:B
解析:工作流参考模型是国际工作流管理联盟WFMC采用的、对工作流管理系统体系结构的一个通用的描述。在这个模型里,概括总结了主要的构件和相互关联的接口。工作流设定的服务是工作流系统的核心,这介核心由若干个工作流引擎驱动。

【题目解析】工作流参考模型是国际工作流管理联盟WFMC采用的、对工作流管理系统体系结构的一个通用的描述。在这个模型里,概括总结了主要的构件和相互关联的接口。工作流设定的服务是工作流系统的核心,这介核心由若干个工作流引擎驱动。

179[单项选择题]Integration ( )is the process of verifying that the components of a system work together as described in the program design and system design specifications.

Atrying

Btesting

Cchecking

Dcoding

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】集成测试就是验证系统各个组成部分能否按程序设计和系统设计规格说明书所描述的方式一起工作的过程。

180[单项选择题]Documentation of a software package is normally produced for two purposes.One is to explain the (1) of the software and describe how to use them.This is known as (2  )because it is designed to be read by the user of the software.The other purpose of documentation is to describe the software’s internal composition so that the system can be maintained later in its lifecycle.Documentation of this type is knownas (3).

1.Documentation of a software package is normally produced for two purposes.One is to explain the (1) of the software and describe how to use them.This is known as (2  )because it is designed to be read by the user of the software.The other purpose of documentation is to describe the software’s internal composition so that the system can be maintained later in its lifecycle.Documentation of this type is knownas (3).

Asystem documentation

Buser documentation

Cvender documentation

Dlicense documentation

参考答案:A
解析:建立软件包的文档通常有两个目的。第一是解释软件的生征并描述如何使用它们。这种目的下的文档被称为用户文档,因为此类文档的设计用途就是为了软件的用户阅读。另一种目的下的文档是描述软件的内部组成,以便于系统能够在其生命周期的后续阶段得到维护,这种类型的文档被称为系统文档。

Documentation of a software package is normally produced for two purposes.One is to explain the (1) of the software and describe how to use them.This is known as (2  )because it is designed to be read by the user of the software.The other purpose of documentation is to describe the software’s internal composition so that the system can be maintained later in its lifecycle.Documentation of this type is knownas (3).

Aplans

Bcost

Cfeatures

Dschedules

参考答案:C
解析:建立软件包的文档通常有两个目的。第一是解释软件的生征并描述如何使用它们。这种目的下的文档被称为用户文档,因为此类文档的设计用途就是为了软件的用户阅读。另一种目的下的文档是描述软件的内部组成,以便于系统能够在其生命周期的后续阶段得到维护,这种类型的文档被称为系统文档。

3.Documentation of a software package is normally produced for two purposes.One is to explain the (1) of the software and describe how to use them.This is known as (2  )because it is designed to be read by the user of the software.The other purpose of documentation is to describe the software’s internal composition so that the system can be maintained later in its lifecycle.Documentation of this type is knownas (3).

Asystem documentation

Buser documentation

Cvender documentation

Dproduct documentation

参考答案:B
解析:建立软件包的文档通常有两个目的。第一是解释软件的生征并描述如何使用它们。这种目的下的文档被称为用户文档,因为此类文档的设计用途就是为了软件的用户阅读。另一种目的下的文档是描述软件的内部组成,以便于系统能够在其生命周期的后续阶段得到维护,这种类型的文档被称为系统文档。

【题目解析】建立软件包的文档通常有两个目的。第一是解释软件的生征并描述如何使用它们。这种目的下的文档被称为用户文档,因为此类文档的设计用途就是为了软件的用户阅读。另一种目的下的文档是描述软件的内部组成,以便于系统能够在其生命周期的后续阶段得到维护,这种类型的文档被称为系统文档。

181[单项选择题]some team leaders think that the only way to ()their team is through cash incentives. However research proves that money is the last thing you would want to use

Aarouse

Bencourage

Cincite

Dmotivate

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】一些团队主管认为唯一可以()团队的方式是现金激励。然而研究表明,金钱往往是最后选择使用的手段
A、引起
B、鼓励
C、刺激
D、激励

182[单项选择题]The Rational Unified Process (RUP) is a software engineering process, which captures many of best practices in modern software development. The notions of  (1)  and scenarios have been proven to be an excellent way to capture function requirements. RUP can be described in two dimensions – time and content. In the time dimension, the software lifecycle is broken into cycles. Each cycle is divided into four consecutive  (2)  which is concluded with a well-defined  (3)  and can be further broken down into  (4)  – a complete development loop resulting in a release of an executable product, a subset of the final product under development, which grows incrementally to become the final system. The content structure refers to the disciplines, which group  (5)  logically by nature.

1.The Rational Unified Process (RUP) is a software engineering process, which captures many of best practices in modern software development. The notions of  (1)  and scenarios have been proven to be an excellent way to capture function requirements. RUP can be described in two dimensions – time and content. In the time dimension, the software lifecycle is broken into cycles. Each cycle is divided into four consecutive  (2)  which is concluded with a well-defined  (3)  and can be further broken down into  (4)  – a complete development loop resulting in a release of an executable product, a subset of the final product under development, which grows incrementally to become the final system. The content structure refers to the disciplines, which group  (5)  logically by nature.

Aorientations

Bviews

Caspects

Dphases

参考答案:D
解析:RUP (RBtional Unified Process)是一种软件工程过程产品.它吸取了现代软件开发中许多成功的实践•事实证明.采用用例(usc-cascs>和剧情(scenarios)捕获目标系统的功能需求是一种较好的办法•可以采用二维摸型来描述RUP——时间和内容•从时间维来看,软件生存周期被划分为不同的周期(cycles〉,毎个周期又被划分为4个连续的阶段(phase〉.每个阶段都包含一个妥善定义的里程碑(milestone〉:每个阶段还可以 ;被进一步划分为若干轮迭代(iicmtions)* —次迭代是—次完整的开发过程•每次迭代结束时会发布一个可执行的产品.这个产品是正在开发的软件系统的一个子集.它会逐渐扩展为最终系统•内容结构指的是一些将活动(activities)组织在一起的、天然存在的规则•

The Rational Unified Process (RUP) is a software engineering process, which captures many of best practices in modern software development. The notions of  (1)  and scenarios have been proven to be an excellent way to capture function requirements. RUP can be described in two dimensions – time and content. In the time dimension, the software lifecycle is broken into cycles. Each cycle is divided into four consecutive  (2)  which is concluded with a well-defined  (3)  and can be further broken down into  (4)  – a complete development loop resulting in a release of an executable product, a subset of the final product under development, which grows incrementally to become the final system. The content structure refers to the disciplines, which group  (5)  logically by nature.

Amilestone

Bend-mark

Cmeasure

Dcriteria

参考答案:A
解析:RUP (RBtional Unified Process)是一种软件工程过程产品.它吸取了现代软件开发中许多成功的实践•事实证明.采用用例(usc-cascs>和剧情(scenarios)捕获目标系统的功能需求是一种较好的办法•可以采用二维摸型来描述RUP——时间和内容•从时间维来看,软件生存周期被划分为不同的周期(cycles〉,毎个周期又被划分为4个连续的阶段(phase〉.每个阶段都包含一个妥善定义的里程碑(milestone〉:每个阶段还可以 ;被进一步划分为若干轮迭代(iicmtions)* —次迭代是—次完整的开发过程•每次迭代结束时会发布一个可执行的产品.这个产品是正在开发的软件系统的一个子集.它会逐渐扩展为最终系统•内容结构指的是一些将活动(activities)组织在一起的、天然存在的规则•

3.The Rational Unified Process (RUP) is a software engineering process, which captures many of best practices in modern software development. The notions of (1) and scenarios have been proven to be an excellent way to capture function requirements. RUP can be described in two dimensions – time and content. In the time dimension, the software lifecycle is broken into cycles. Each cycle is divided into four consecutive (2) which is concluded with a well-defined (3) and can be further broken down into (4) – a complete development loop resulting in a release of an executable product, a subset of the final product under development, which grows incrementally to become the final system. The content structure refers to the disciplines, which group (5) logically by nature.

Aartifacts

Buse-cases

Cactors

Dworke

参考答案:B
解析:RUP (RBtional Unified Process)是一种软件工程过程产品.它吸取了现代软件开发中许多成功的实践•事实证明.采用用例(usc-cascs>和剧情(scenarios)捕获目标系统的功能需求是一种较好的办法•可以采用二维摸型来描述RUP——时间和内容•从时间维来看,软件生存周期被划分为不同的周期(cycles〉,毎个周期又被划分为4个连续的阶段(phase〉.每个阶段都包含一个妥善定义的里程碑(milestone〉:每个阶段还可以 ;被进一步划分为若干轮迭代(iicmtions)* —次迭代是—次完整的开发过程•每次迭代结束时会发布一个可执行的产品.这个产品是正在开发的软件系统的一个子集.它会逐渐扩展为最终系统•内容结构指的是一些将活动(activities)组织在一起的、天然存在的规则•

The Rational Unified Process (RUP) is a software engineering process, which captures many of best practices in modern software development. The notions of  (1)  and scenarios have been proven to be an excellent way to capture function requirements. RUP can be described in two dimensions – time and content. In the time dimension, the software lifecycle is broken into cycles. Each cycle is divided into four consecutive  (2)  which is concluded with a well-defined  (3)  and can be further broken down into  (4)  – a complete development loop resulting in a release of an executable product, a subset of the final product under development, which grows incrementally to become the final system. The content structure refers to the disciplines, which group  (5)  logically by nature.

Arounds

Bloops

Citerations

Dcircularities

参考答案:C
解析:RUP (RBtional Unified Process)是一种软件工程过程产品.它吸取了现代软件开发中许多成功的实践•事实证明.采用用例(usc-cascs>和剧情(scenarios)捕获目标系统的功能需求是一种较好的办法•可以采用二维摸型来描述RUP——时间和内容•从时间维来看,软件生存周期被划分为不同的周期(cycles〉,毎个周期又被划分为4个连续的阶段(phase〉.每个阶段都包含一个妥善定义的里程碑(milestone〉:每个阶段还可以 ;被进一步划分为若干轮迭代(iicmtions)* —次迭代是—次完整的开发过程•每次迭代结束时会发布一个可执行的产品.这个产品是正在开发的软件系统的一个子集.它会逐渐扩展为最终系统•内容结构指的是一些将活动(activities)组织在一起的、天然存在的规则•

The Rational Unified Process (RUP) is a software engineering process, which captures many of best practices in modern software development. The notions of  (1)  and scenarios have been proven to be an excellent way to capture function requirements. RUP can be described in two dimensions – time and content. In the time dimension, the software lifecycle is broken into cycles. Each cycle is divided into four consecutive  (2)  which is concluded with a well-defined  (3)  and can be further broken down into  (4)  – a complete development loop resulting in a release of an executable product, a subset of the final product under development, which grows incrementally to become the final system. The content structure refers to the disciplines, which group  (5)  logically by nature.

Afunctions

Bworkflows

Cactions

Dactivities

参考答案:D
解析:RUP (RBtional Unified Process)是一种软件工程过程产品.它吸取了现代软件开发中许多成功的实践•事实证明.采用用例(usc-cascs>和剧情(scenarios)捕获目标系统的功能需求是一种较好的办法•可以采用二维摸型来描述RUP——时间和内容•从时间维来看,软件生存周期被划分为不同的周期(cycles〉,毎个周期又被划分为4个连续的阶段(phase〉.每个阶段都包含一个妥善定义的里程碑(milestone〉:每个阶段还可以 ;被进一步划分为若干轮迭代(iicmtions)* —次迭代是—次完整的开发过程•每次迭代结束时会发布一个可执行的产品.这个产品是正在开发的软件系统的一个子集.它会逐渐扩展为最终系统•内容结构指的是一些将活动(activities)组织在一起的、天然存在的规则•

【题目解析】RUP (RBtional Unified Process)是一种软件工程过程产品.它吸取了现代软件开发中许多成功的实践•事实证明.采用用例(usc-cascs>和剧情(scenarios)捕获目标系统的功能需求是一种较好的办法•可以采用二维摸型来描述RUP——时间和内容•从时间维来看,软件生存周期被划分为不同的周期(cycles〉,毎个周期又被划分为4个连续的阶段(phase〉.每个阶段都包含一个妥善定义的里程碑(milestone〉:每个阶段还可以 ;被进一步划分为若干轮迭代(iicmtions)* —次迭代是—次完整的开发过程•每次迭代结束时会发布一个可执行的产品.这个产品是正在开发的软件系统的一个子集.它会逐渐扩展为最终系统•内容结构指的是一些将活动(activities)组织在一起的、天然存在的规则•

183[单项选择题]The auditing function that provides feedback about the quality of output is referred to as ().

Aquality control

Bquality planning

Cquality assurance

Dquality improvement

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】下列()过程包含对交付物质量进行反馈的审计功能。
A、质量控制 
B、质量计划 
C、质量保证 
D、质量改进

184[单项选择题]Business intelligence (BI) is the integrated application of data warehouse, data mining and ( ).

AOLAP

BOLTP

CMRPII

DCMS.

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】商业智能BI是数据仓库,OLAP和数据挖掘等技术的综合应用。
OLAP联机分析处理是共享多维信息的、针对特定问题的联机数据访问和分析的快速软件技术。它通过对信息的多种可能的观察形式进行快速、稳定一致和交互性的存取,允许管理决策人员对数据进行深入观察。
On-Line Transaction Processing联机事务处理系统(OLTP),也称为面向交易的处理系统,其基本特征是顾客的原始数据可以立即传送到计算中心进行处理,并在很短的时间内给出处理结果。
MRPII是制造资源计划Manufacturing Resource Planning的缩写;
CMS是Content Management System的缩写,意为"内容管理系统",它具有许多基于模板的优秀设计,可以加快网站开发的速度和减少开发的成本。CMS的功能并不只限于文本处理,它也可以处理图片、Flash动画、声像流、图像甚至电子邮件档案。
因此选A

185[单项选择题]The TCP protocol is a ( ) layer protocol,

Aphysical

Bnetwork

Ctransport

Dapplication

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】TCP协议是传输层协议

186[单项选择题]MIDI enables people to use (1) computers and electronic musical instruments. There are actually three components to MIDI, the communications " (2) ", the Hardware Interface and a distribution (3) called “Standard MIDI Files”. In the context of the WWW, the most interesting component is the (4) Format. In principle, MIDI files contain sequences of MIDI Protocol messages. However, when MIDI Protocol (5) are stored in MIDI files, the events are also time-stamped for playback in the proper sequence. Music delivered by MIDI files is the most common use of MIDI today.

MIDI enables people to use (1) computers and electronic musical instruments. There are actually three components to MIDI, the communications " (2) ", the Hardware Interface and a distribution (3) called “Standard MIDI Files”. In the context of the WWW, the most interesting component is the (4) Format. In principle, MIDI files contain sequences of MIDI Protocol messages. However, when MIDI Protocol (5) are stored in MIDI files, the events are also time-stamped for playback in the proper sequence. Music delivered by MIDI files is the most common use of MIDI today.

Aformat

Btext

Cwave

Dcenter

参考答案:A
解析:MIDI使得人们能够使用多媒体计算机和电子乐器。实际上MIDI有3种元素:通信协议、硬件接口和被称为标准MIDI文件的发布格式。在WWW环境中,最重要的元素是音频格式。在原理上,MIDI文件包含了MIDI协议报文序列。然而当MIDI协议报文被存储在MIDI文件中时,事件都被加上了时间戳,以便于按照适当的顺序回放。由MIDI文件提供的音乐是MIDI当前最通常的应用。

MIDI enables people to use (1) computers and electronic musical instruments. There are actually three components to MIDI, the communications " (2) ", the Hardware Interface and a distribution (3) called “Standard MIDI Files”. In the context of the WWW, the most interesting component is the (4) Format. In principle, MIDI files contain sequences of MIDI Protocol messages. However, when MIDI Protocol (5) are stored in MIDI files, the events are also time-stamped for playback in the proper sequence. Music delivered by MIDI files is the most common use of MIDI today.

Amessages

Bpackets

Cframe

Dinformation

参考答案:A
解析:MIDI使得人们能够使用多媒体计算机和电子乐器。实际上MIDI有3种元素:通信协议、硬件接口和被称为标准MIDI文件的发布格式。在WWW环境中,最重要的元素是音频格式。在原理上,MIDI文件包含了MIDI协议报文序列。然而当MIDI协议报文被存储在MIDI文件中时,事件都被加上了时间戳,以便于按照适当的顺序回放。由MIDI文件提供的音乐是MIDI当前最通常的应用。

MIDI enables people to use (1) computers and electronic musical instruments. There are actually three components to MIDI, the communications " (2) ", the Hardware Interface and a distribution (3) called “Standard MIDI Files”. In the context of the WWW, the most interesting component is the (4) Format. In principle, MIDI files contain sequences of MIDI Protocol messages. However, when MIDI Protocol (5) are stored in MIDI files, the events are also time-stamped for playback in the proper sequence. Music delivered by MIDI files is the most common use of MIDI today.

Apersonal

Belectronic

Cmultimedia

Dnetwork

参考答案:C
解析:MIDI使得人们能够使用多媒体计算机和电子乐器。实际上MIDI有3种元素:通信协议、硬件接口和被称为标准MIDI文件的发布格式。在WWW环境中,最重要的元素是音频格式。在原理上,MIDI文件包含了MIDI协议报文序列。然而当MIDI协议报文被存储在MIDI文件中时,事件都被加上了时间戳,以便于按照适当的顺序回放。由MIDI文件提供的音乐是MIDI当前最通常的应用。

MIDI enables people to use (1) computers and electronic musical instruments. There are actually three components to MIDI, the communications " (2) ", the Hardware Interface and a distribution (3) called “Standard MIDI Files”. In the context of the WWW, the most interesting component is the (4) Format. In principle, MIDI files contain sequences of MIDI Protocol messages. However, when MIDI Protocol (5) are stored in MIDI files, the events are also time-stamped for playback in the proper sequence. Music delivered by MIDI files is the most common use of MIDI today.

AVideo

BFaxmail

CGraphic

DAudio

参考答案:D
解析:MIDI使得人们能够使用多媒体计算机和电子乐器。实际上MIDI有3种元素:通信协议、硬件接口和被称为标准MIDI文件的发布格式。在WWW环境中,最重要的元素是音频格式。在原理上,MIDI文件包含了MIDI协议报文序列。然而当MIDI协议报文被存储在MIDI文件中时,事件都被加上了时间戳,以便于按照适当的顺序回放。由MIDI文件提供的音乐是MIDI当前最通常的应用。

MIDI enables people to use (1) computers and electronic musical instruments. There are actually three components to MIDI, the communications " (2) ", the Hardware Interface and a distribution (3) called “Standard MIDI Files”. In the context of the WWW, the most interesting component is the (4) Format. In principle, MIDI files contain sequences of MIDI Protocol messages. However, when MIDI Protocol (5) are stored in MIDI files, the events are also time-stamped for playback in the proper sequence. Music delivered by MIDI files is the most common use of MIDI today.

Adevice

Bprotocol

Cnetwork

Dcontroller

参考答案:B
解析:MIDI使得人们能够使用多媒体计算机和电子乐器。实际上MIDI有3种元素:通信协议、硬件接口和被称为标准MIDI文件的发布格式。在WWW环境中,最重要的元素是音频格式。在原理上,MIDI文件包含了MIDI协议报文序列。然而当MIDI协议报文被存储在MIDI文件中时,事件都被加上了时间戳,以便于按照适当的顺序回放。由MIDI文件提供的音乐是MIDI当前最通常的应用。

【题目解析】MIDI使得人们能够使用多媒体计算机和电子乐器。实际上MIDI有3种元素:通信协议、硬件接口和被称为标准MIDI文件的发布格式。在WWW环境中,最重要的元素是音频格式。在原理上,MIDI文件包含了MIDI协议报文序列。然而当MIDI协议报文被存储在MIDI文件中时,事件都被加上了时间戳,以便于按照适当的顺序回放。由MIDI文件提供的音乐是MIDI当前最通常的应用。

187[单项选择题]In project management, a ( )is a list of a project’s milestones, activities, and deliverables, usually with intended start and finish date. Those items are often estimated in terms of resource allocation, budget and duration, linked by dependencies and scheduled events.

Aschedule

BWBS

CSOW

Dcharter

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】在项目管理中,()是项目的重要事件,活动和交付,通常与预期的开始和完成日期的清单。这些项目往往是估计在资源分配,预算和持续时间方面,由依赖关系和安排的事件联系在一起。
A.时间表
B. WBS
C. SOW
D.契约

188[单项选择题]We can use the word processor to ( ) your documents.

Aedit

Bcompute

Ctranslate

Dunload

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】可以用文字处理软件来编辑你的文档

189[单项选择题]The network layer provides services to the transport layer. It can be based on either virtual circuits or datagrams. In both cases, its main job is ( )packets from the source to the destination.

Adealing with

Bsending

Crouting

Dreceiving

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】网络层为传输层提供服务,它基于虚电路或数据报方式,其主要工作是对源节点的数据包进行路由选择(routing),转发到目的节点。

190[单项选择题]The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is an interautonomous system ( )protocol.

Aconnecting

Bresolving

Csupernettting

Drouting

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】边界网关协议是自治系统间的路由(routing)协议

191[单项选择题]The maximum number of data that can be expressed by 8 bits is( ).

A64

B128

C255

D256

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】8位能表示的最大数是255。

192[单项选择题]Project Time Management includes the processes required to manage timely completion of the project, these processes interact with each other.( ) is following the process-Estimate Activity Durations.

AEstimate Activity Resources

BDefine Activities

CDevelop Schedule

DSequence Activities

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】项目进度管理包含多个项目实效管理过程,这些过程相互影响,其中紧接活动历时估算的过程是进度计划编制(Develop Schedule)。

193[单项选择题]Which of the following is not part of the change-management process of IT supervisor?( )

Achange analyses

Bchange evaluation

Cchange acquisition

Dchange executing

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】下列哪项不是它主管变更管理过程的一部分?

194[单项选择题]Computer ( ) is a complex consisting of two or more connected computing units, it is used for the purpose of data communication and resource sharing.

Astorage

Bdevice

Cprocessor

Dnetwork

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】计算机网络是由两个或两个以上的计算装置组成的复合体,旨在用于数据通信和资源共享。

195单项选择题 is the use of computing resources (hardware and software) that a delivered as a service over a network (typically the Internet).

AVirtualization

BInternet of things

CCloud computer

DCloud computing

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】( )是由网络(典型的是Internet网)提供的软硬件资源来运行的计算应用。
A、虚拟化
B、Internet网东西
C、云计算机
D、云计算

196[单项选择题]Virtualization is an approach to IT that pools and shares (1) so that utilization is optimized and supplies automatically meet demand. Traditional IT environments are often silos, where both technology and human (2) are aligned around an application or business function. With a virtualized (3) , people, processes, and technology are focused on meeting service levels,  (4) is allocated dynamically, resources are optimized, and the entire infrastructure is simplified and flexible. We offer a broad spectrum of virtualization (5) that allows customers to choose the most appropriate path and optimization focus for their IT infrastructure resources.

Virtualization is an approach to IT that pools and shares (1) so that utilization is optimized and supplies automatically meet demand. Traditional IT environments are often silos, where both technology and human (2) are aligned around an application or business function. With a virtualized (3) , people, processes, and technology are focused on meeting service levels,  (4) is allocated dynamically, resources are optimized, and the entire infrastructure is simplified and flexible. We offer a broad spectrum of virtualization (5) that allows customers to choose the most appropriate path and optimization focus for their IT infrastructure resources.

Acontent

Bposition

Cpower

Dcapacity

参考答案:D
解析:虚拟化是IT行业缓存和共享资源的一种方法,通过这种方法可以更好地利用资源,并且自动提供资源以满足需求。传统的IT环境通常是一个竖井,技术和人力资源都是围绕应用或商业功能来安排的。利用虚拟化的架构,人员、过程和技术都集中于满足服务的程度,生产量被动态地分配,资源得到优化,而且整个架构得以简化,变得很灵活。我们提供了广泛的虚拟化解决方案,允许客户为其IT资源的基础架构选择最适用的路线和优化的重点。

Virtualization is an approach to IT that pools and shares (1) so that utilization is optimized and supplies automatically meet demand. Traditional IT environments are often silos, where both technology and human (2) are aligned around an application or business function. With a virtualized (3) , people, processes, and technology are focused on meeting service levels,  (4) is allocated dynamically, resources are optimized, and the entire infrastructure is simplified and flexible. We offer a broad spectrum of virtualization (5) that allows customers to choose the most appropriate path and optimization focus for their IT infrastructure resources.

Aadvantages

Bresources

Cbenefits

Dprecedents

参考答案:B
解析:虚拟化是IT行业缓存和共享资源的一种方法,通过这种方法可以更好地利用资源,并且自动提供资源以满足需求。传统的IT环境通常是一个竖井,技术和人力资源都是围绕应用或商业功能来安排的。利用虚拟化的架构,人员、过程和技术都集中于满足服务的程度,生产量被动态地分配,资源得到优化,而且整个架构得以简化,变得很灵活。我们提供了广泛的虚拟化解决方案,允许客户为其IT资源的基础架构选择最适用的路线和优化的重点。

Virtualization is an approach to IT that pools and shares (1) so that utilization is optimized and supplies automatically meet demand. Traditional IT environments are often silos, where both technology and human (2) are aligned around an application or business function. With a virtualized (3) , people, processes, and technology are focused on meeting service levels,  (4) is allocated dynamically, resources are optimized, and the entire infrastructure is simplified and flexible. We offer a broad spectrum of virtualization (5) that allows customers to choose the most appropriate path and optimization focus for their IT infrastructure resources.

Asolutions

Bnetworks

Cinterfaces

Dconnections

参考答案:A
解析:虚拟化是IT行业缓存和共享资源的一种方法,通过这种方法可以更好地利用资源,并且自动提供资源以满足需求。传统的IT环境通常是一个竖井,技术和人力资源都是围绕应用或商业功能来安排的。利用虚拟化的架构,人员、过程和技术都集中于满足服务的程度,生产量被动态地分配,资源得到优化,而且整个架构得以简化,变得很灵活。我们提供了广泛的虚拟化解决方案,允许客户为其IT资源的基础架构选择最适用的路线和优化的重点。

Virtualization is an approach to IT that pools and shares (1) so that utilization is optimized and supplies automatically meet demand. Traditional IT environments are often silos, where both technology and human (2) are aligned around an application or business function. With a virtualized (3) , people, processes, and technology are focused on meeting service levels,  (4) is allocated dynamically, resources are optimized, and the entire infrastructure is simplified and flexible. We offer a broad spectrum of virtualization (5) that allows customers to choose the most appropriate path and optimization focus for their IT infrastructure resources.

Aprofits

Bcosts

Cresources

Dpowers

参考答案:C
解析:虚拟化是IT行业缓存和共享资源的一种方法,通过这种方法可以更好地利用资源,并且自动提供资源以满足需求。传统的IT环境通常是一个竖井,技术和人力资源都是围绕应用或商业功能来安排的。利用虚拟化的架构,人员、过程和技术都集中于满足服务的程度,生产量被动态地分配,资源得到优化,而且整个架构得以简化,变得很灵活。我们提供了广泛的虚拟化解决方案,允许客户为其IT资源的基础架构选择最适用的路线和优化的重点。

Virtualization is an approach to IT that pools and shares (1) so that utilization is optimized and supplies automatically meet demand. Traditional IT environments are often silos, where both technology and human (2) are aligned around an application or business function. With a virtualized (3) , people, processes, and technology are focused on meeting service levels,  (4) is allocated dynamically, resources are optimized, and the entire infrastructure is simplified and flexible. We offer a broad spectrum of virtualization (5) that allows customers to choose the most appropriate path and optimization focus for their IT infrastructure resources.

Asystem

Binfrastructure

Chardware

Dlink

参考答案:B
解析:虚拟化是IT行业缓存和共享资源的一种方法,通过这种方法可以更好地利用资源,并且自动提供资源以满足需求。传统的IT环境通常是一个竖井,技术和人力资源都是围绕应用或商业功能来安排的。利用虚拟化的架构,人员、过程和技术都集中于满足服务的程度,生产量被动态地分配,资源得到优化,而且整个架构得以简化,变得很灵活。我们提供了广泛的虚拟化解决方案,允许客户为其IT资源的基础架构选择最适用的路线和优化的重点。

【题目解析】虚拟化是IT行业缓存和共享资源的一种方法,通过这种方法可以更好地利用资源,并且自动提供资源以满足需求。传统的IT环境通常是一个竖井,技术和人力资源都是围绕应用或商业功能来安排的。利用虚拟化的架构,人员、过程和技术都集中于满足服务的程度,生产量被动态地分配,资源得到优化,而且整个架构得以简化,变得很灵活。我们提供了广泛的虚拟化解决方案,允许客户为其IT资源的基础架构选择最适用的路线和优化的重点。

197[单项选择题]
A quality assurance team should be( ).
①associated with any particular development group
②depended upon any particular development group
③responsible for reporting directly to management
④in-depended upon any particular development group

A①②

B②③

C③④

D①②③④

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】本题含义可表述为:质量保证小组的工作性质如何d。
①和开发小组密切联系。
②依靠开发小组。
③直接向管理者汇报工怍。
④独立于开发小组^
从质量保证小组的性质看•③和④是比较符合题意的。所以应该选择C。

198[单项选择题]The project budget has been finalized.Additional work has been discovered that was not planned for in the budget or project scope. ( )could provide the fund to cover the newly discovered work item.

AContingency reserve

BProject profit

CManagement reserve

DSpecial fund

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】A是应急储备, C是管理储备。
管理储备是为未计划范围变更与成本变更而预留的储备。
应急储备是为未计划但可能发生的变更提供的补贴。
题目中的“ newly discovered work item”指未计划的范围,所以是管理储备

199[单项选择题]The TCP protocolis a (1) layer protocol. Each connection connects two TCPs that may be just one physical network apart or located on opposite sides ofthe globe. In other words, each connection creates a (2) witha length that may be totally different from another path created by another connection. This means that TCP cannot use the same retransmission time for all connections. Selecting afixed retransnussion time for all connections can result in serious consequences. Ifthe retransmission time does not allow enough time for a (3) to reach the destination and an acknowledgment to reach the source, it can result in retransmission of segments that are still on the way. Conversely, if the retransnussion time is longer than necessary for a short path, it may result in delay for the application programs.Even for one single connection, the retransmission time should not be fixed.A connection may be able to send segments and receive (4)faster during nontraffic period than during congested periods. TCP uses the dynamic retransmission time,a transmission time is different for each connection and which may be changed during the same connection. Retransmission time can be made(5)  by basing it on the round-trip time (RTT). Several formulas are used for this purpose.

The TCP protocolis a (1) layer protocol. Each connection connects two TCPs that may be just one physical network apart or located on opposite sides ofthe globe. In other words, each connection creates a (2) witha length that may be totally different from another path created by another connection. This means that TCP cannot use the same retransmission time for all connections. Selecting afixed retransnussion time for all connections can result in serious consequences. Ifthe retransmission time does not allow enough time for a (3) to reach the destination and an acknowledgment to reach the source, it can result in retransmission of segments that are still on the way. Conversely, if the retransnussion time is longer than necessary for a short path, it may result in delay for the application programs.Even for one single connection, the retransmission time should not be fixed.A connection may be able to send segments and receive (4)faster during nontraffic period than during congested periods. TCP uses the dynamic retransmission time,a transmission time is different for each connection and which may be changed during the same connection. Retransmission time can be made(5)  by basing it on the round-trip time (RTT). Several formulas are used for this purpose.

Aphysical

Bnetwork

Ctransport

Dapplication

参考答案:C
解析:TCP是种传输层协议•每一个连接都连接了两个TCP实体,这两个TCP实体可能存在同一个物理网格中•也可能是分居于地球的两辺,换言之.,每一个连接都产生了一条通路,其长度与另外一个连接产生的通路完全不同,这就意味着.TCP不能对所有的连接使用同样的重传时间,对所有的连接选择一个固定的重传时间可能产生严重的后果,如果重传时间不足以使一个段到达目标,或者不足以使-个应答到达源站.这就可能对尚在路途中的段产生重传,反之,如果重传时间比一条短通路所需要的时间长则可能对应用程序产生延迟•
即使对单个连接,重传时间也不应该固定。一个连接一个能够在非峰值时段比拥堵时段更快地发送数据段和接收应答,TCP使用了动态重传时间,重传时间对每一个连接是不同的,在同一个连接持续期间也是可以改变。重传时间可以动态地根据环回时间(RTT)而改变。为些建立了几个有用的公式。

The TCP protocolis a (1) layer protocol. Each connection connects two TCPs that may be just one physical network apart or located on opposite sides ofthe globe. In other words, each connection creates a (2) witha length that may be totally different from another path created by another connection. This means that TCP cannot use the same retransmission time for all connections. Selecting afixed retransnussion time for all connections can result in serious consequences. Ifthe retransmission time does not allow enough time for a (3) to reach the destination and an acknowledgment to reach the source, it can result in retransmission of segments that are still on the way. Conversely, if the retransnussion time is longer than necessary for a short path, it may result in delay for the application programs.Even for one single connection, the retransmission time should not be fixed.A connection may be able to send segments and receive (4)faster during nontraffic period than during congested periods. TCP uses the dynamic retransmission time,a transmission time is different for each connection and which may be changed during the same connection. Retransmission time can be made(5)  by basing it on the round-trip time (RTT). Several formulas are used for this purpose.

Aconnections

Brequests

Cacknowledgments

Ddatagrams

参考答案:C
解析:TCP是种传输层协议•每一个连接都连接了两个TCP实体,这两个TCP实体可能存在同一个物理网格中•也可能是分居于地球的两辺,换言之.,每一个连接都产生了一条通路,其长度与另外一个连接产生的通路完全不同,这就意味着.TCP不能对所有的连接使用同样的重传时间,对所有的连接选择一个固定的重传时间可能产生严重的后果,如果重传时间不足以使一个段到达目标,或者不足以使-个应答到达源站.这就可能对尚在路途中的段产生重传,反之,如果重传时间比一条短通路所需要的时间长则可能对应用程序产生延迟•
即使对单个连接,重传时间也不应该固定。一个连接一个能够在非峰值时段比拥堵时段更快地发送数据段和接收应答,TCP使用了动态重传时间,重传时间对每一个连接是不同的,在同一个连接持续期间也是可以改变。重传时间可以动态地根据环回时间(RTT)而改变。为些建立了几个有用的公式。

The TCP protocolis a (1) layer protocol. Each connection connects two TCPs that may be just one physical network apart or located on opposite sides ofthe globe. In other words, each connection creates a (2) witha length that may be totally different from another path created by another connection. This means that TCP cannot use the same retransmission time for all connections. Selecting afixed retransnussion time for all connections can result in serious consequences. Ifthe retransmission time does not allow enough time for a (3) to reach the destination and an acknowledgment to reach the source, it can result in retransmission of segments that are still on the way. Conversely, if the retransnussion time is longer than necessary for a short path, it may result in delay for the application programs.Even for one single connection, the retransmission time should not be fixed.A connection may be able to send segments and receive (4)faster during nontraffic period than during congested periods. TCP uses the dynamic retransmission time,a transmission time is different for each connection and which may be changed during the same connection. Retransmission time can be made(5)  by basing it on the round-trip time (RTT). Several formulas are used for this purpose.

Apath

Bwindow

Cresponse

Dprocess

参考答案:A
解析:TCP是种传输层协议•每一个连接都连接了两个TCP实体,这两个TCP实体可能存在同一个物理网格中•也可能是分居于地球的两辺,换言之.,每一个连接都产生了一条通路,其长度与另外一个连接产生的通路完全不同,这就意味着.TCP不能对所有的连接使用同样的重传时间,对所有的连接选择一个固定的重传时间可能产生严重的后果,如果重传时间不足以使一个段到达目标,或者不足以使-个应答到达源站.这就可能对尚在路途中的段产生重传,反之,如果重传时间比一条短通路所需要的时间长则可能对应用程序产生延迟•
即使对单个连接,重传时间也不应该固定。一个连接一个能够在非峰值时段比拥堵时段更快地发送数据段和接收应答,TCP使用了动态重传时间,重传时间对每一个连接是不同的,在同一个连接持续期间也是可以改变。重传时间可以动态地根据环回时间(RTT)而改变。为些建立了几个有用的公式。

The TCP protocolis a (1) layer protocol. Each connection connects two TCPs that may be just one physical network apart or located on opposite sides ofthe globe. In other words, each connection creates a (2) witha length that may be totally different from another path created by another connection. This means that TCP cannot use the same retransmission time for all connections. Selecting afixed retransnussion time for all connections can result in serious consequences. Ifthe retransmission time does not allow enough time for a (3) to reach the destination and an acknowledgment to reach the source, it can result in retransmission of segments that are still on the way. Conversely, if the retransnussion time is longer than necessary for a short path, it may result in delay for the application programs.Even for one single connection, the retransmission time should not be fixed.A connection may be able to send segments and receive (4)faster during nontraffic period than during congested periods. TCP uses the dynamic retransmission time,a transmission time is different for each connection and which may be changed during the same connection. Retransmission time can be made(5)  by basing it on the round-trip time (RTT). Several formulas are used for this purpose.

Apath

Bwindow

Cwindow

Dprocess

参考答案:B
解析:TCP是种传输层协议•每一个连接都连接了两个TCP实体,这两个TCP实体可能存在同一个物理网格中•也可能是分居于地球的两辺,换言之.,每一个连接都产生了一条通路,其长度与另外一个连接产生的通路完全不同,这就意味着.TCP不能对所有的连接使用同样的重传时间,对所有的连接选择一个固定的重传时间可能产生严重的后果,如果重传时间不足以使一个段到达目标,或者不足以使-个应答到达源站.这就可能对尚在路途中的段产生重传,反之,如果重传时间比一条短通路所需要的时间长则可能对应用程序产生延迟•
即使对单个连接,重传时间也不应该固定。一个连接一个能够在非峰值时段比拥堵时段更快地发送数据段和接收应答,TCP使用了动态重传时间,重传时间对每一个连接是不同的,在同一个连接持续期间也是可以改变。重传时间可以动态地根据环回时间(RTT)而改变。为些建立了几个有用的公式。

The TCP protocolis a (1) layer protocol. Each connection connects two TCPs that may be just one physical network apart or located on opposite sides ofthe globe. In other words, each connection creates a (2) witha length that may be totally different from another path created by another connection. This means that TCP cannot use the same retransmission time for all connections. Selecting afixed retransnussion time for all connections can result in serious consequences. Ifthe retransmission time does not allow enough time for a (3) to reach the destination and an acknowledgment to reach the source, it can result in retransmission of segments that are still on the way. Conversely, if the retransnussion time is longer than necessary for a short path, it may result in delay for the application programs.Even for one single connection, the retransmission time should not be fixed.A connection may be able to send segments and receive (4)faster during nontraffic period than during congested periods. TCP uses the dynamic retransmission time,a transmission time is different for each connection and which may be changed during the same connection. Retransmission time can be made(5)  by basing it on the round-trip time (RTT). Several formulas are used for this purpose.

Along

Bshort

Cfixed

Ddynamic

参考答案:D
解析:TCP是种传输层协议•每一个连接都连接了两个TCP实体,这两个TCP实体可能存在同一个物理网格中•也可能是分居于地球的两辺,换言之.,每一个连接都产生了一条通路,其长度与另外一个连接产生的通路完全不同,这就意味着.TCP不能对所有的连接使用同样的重传时间,对所有的连接选择一个固定的重传时间可能产生严重的后果,如果重传时间不足以使一个段到达目标,或者不足以使-个应答到达源站.这就可能对尚在路途中的段产生重传,反之,如果重传时间比一条短通路所需要的时间长则可能对应用程序产生延迟•
即使对单个连接,重传时间也不应该固定。一个连接一个能够在非峰值时段比拥堵时段更快地发送数据段和接收应答,TCP使用了动态重传时间,重传时间对每一个连接是不同的,在同一个连接持续期间也是可以改变。重传时间可以动态地根据环回时间(RTT)而改变。为些建立了几个有用的公式。

【题目解析】TCP是种传输层协议•每一个连接都连接了两个TCP实体,这两个TCP实体可能存在同一个物理网格中•也可能是分居于地球的两辺,换言之.,每一个连接都产生了一条通路,其长度与另外一个连接产生的通路完全不同,这就意味着.TCP不能对所有的连接使用同样的重传时间,对所有的连接选择一个固定的重传时间可能产生严重的后果,如果重传时间不足以使一个段到达目标,或者不足以使-个应答到达源站.这就可能对尚在路途中的段产生重传,反之,如果重传时间比一条短通路所需要的时间长则可能对应用程序产生延迟•
即使对单个连接,重传时间也不应该固定。一个连接一个能够在非峰值时段比拥堵时段更快地发送数据段和接收应答,TCP使用了动态重传时间,重传时间对每一个连接是不同的,在同一个连接持续期间也是可以改变。重传时间可以动态地根据环回时间(RTT)而改变。为些建立了几个有用的公式。

有图200[单项选择题]The following diagram denotes dependency between two activities A and B,It says()

AB  can’t  start  before  A  is  finished

BB can’t finish before A is finished

CB can’t start before A starts

DB can’t finish before A starts

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】下图表示的活动A与B的依赖关系可以描述为()
A、A结束前B不能开始
B、A结束前B不能结束
C、A开始前B不能开始
D、A开始前B不能结束

201[单项选择题]( )is a measurable, verifiable work product such as a specification, feasibility study report, detail design document, or working prototype.

AMilestone

BDeliverable

CETC

DBAC

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】可交付物是指像规格说明书、可行性研究报告、详细设计文档或可运转的原型之类的可测量、可验证的工作产品。

202[单项选择题]Creating WBS means subdividing the major project deliverables into smaller components until the deliverables are defined to the( )level.

Aindependent resource

Bindividual work load

Cwork milestone

Dwork package

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】WBS工作分解结构是面向可交付物的层次性分析结构,是对完成项目目标、创造可交付物所需执行的项目工作的分解。WBS把项目工作细分为更小、更易管理的工作单元,随着WBS层次的降低,意味着项目工作也越来越详细,直到工作包work package的层次。
独立资源independent resource、个人工作负荷individual work load以及工作里程碑work milestone都不是WBS分解的最小层级,因此选D。

203[单项选择题]When multiple routers are used in interconnected networks,the routers exchange information about()using a dynamic routing protocol

Adestination addresses

BIP addresses

Cwork addresses

Drouter addresses

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】当接入网络存在多个路由器时,路由器利用动态路由协议交换()信息
A、目的地址
B、IP地址
C、工作地址
D、路由地址

204[单项选择题]Software configuration management (SCM) is the task of tracking and controlling changes in the software. Configuration management practices include configuration identification, change control, ( ) and configuration audit.

Amilestones marking

Bstatus reporting

Cstakeholder management

Dquality audit

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】软件配置管理用来跟踪并控制软件的变化。配置管理过程包括配置标识、变更控制、()和配置审计。
A.里程碑标记
B.状态报告
C.干系人管理
D.质量监查

205[单项选择题]NAC’s(Network Access Control) role is to restrict network access to only compliant endpoints and (1) users. However, NAC is not a complete LAN (2) solution; additional proactive and (3) security measures must be implemented. Nevis is the first and only comprehensive LAN security solution that combines deep security processing of every packet at 10Gbps, ensuring a high level of security plus application availability and performance. Nevis integrates NAC as the first line of LAN security (4) . In addition to NAC, enterprises need to implement role-based network access control as well as critical proactive security measures— real-time, multilevel (5)inspection and microsecond threat containment.

NAC’s(Network Access Control) role is to restrict network access to only compliant endpoints and (1) users. However, NAC is not a complete LAN (2) solution; additional proactive and (3) security measures must be implemented. Nevis is the first and only comprehensive LAN security solution that combines deep security processing of every packet at 10Gbps, ensuring a high level of security plus application availability and performance. Nevis integrates NAC as the first line of LAN security (4) . In addition to NAC, enterprises need to implement role-based network access control as well as critical proactive security measures— real-time, multilevel (5)inspection and microsecond threat containment.

Adefense

Bintrusion

Cinbreak

Dprotection

参考答案:A
解析:络访问控制(NAC)的作用是限制对网络的访问,只允许注册的终端和认证的用户访问网络。然而NAC不是一个完整的LAN安全解决方案,另外还要实现主动的和被动的安全手段。Nevis是第一个也是仅有的全面的LAN安全解决方案,它以lOGbps的速率对每一个分组进行深度的安全处理,在提供高级别安全的同时能保证网络应用的可利用性和适当的性能。Nevis集成了 NAC作为LAN的第一道安全防线。此外,企业还需要实现基于角色的网络访问控制,以及起关键作用的主动安全測试——实时的多级安全威胁检测和微秒级的安全威胁堵截。集中的安全策略配置、管理和报告使其能够迅速地对问題进行分析,对用户的活动进行跟踪,这些都是实时可见的,也是历史可查的。
(1) C (2) B (3) C (4) A (5) C

NAC’s(Network Access Control) role is to restrict network access to only compliant endpoints and (1) users. However, NAC is not a complete LAN (2) solution; additional proactive and (3) security measures must be implemented. Nevis is the first and only comprehensive LAN security solution that combines deep security processing of every packet at 10Gbps, ensuring a high level of security plus application availability and performance. Nevis integrates NAC as the first line of LAN security (4) . In addition to NAC, enterprises need to implement role-based network access control as well as critical proactive security measures— real-time, multilevel (5)inspection and microsecond threat containment.

Aport

Bconnection

Cthreat

Dinsurance

参考答案:C
解析:络访问控制(NAC)的作用是限制对网络的访问,只允许注册的终端和认证的用户访问网络。然而NAC不是一个完整的LAN安全解决方案,另外还要实现主动的和被动的安全手段。Nevis是第一个也是仅有的全面的LAN安全解决方案,它以lOGbps的速率对每一个分组进行深度的安全处理,在提供高级别安全的同时能保证网络应用的可利用性和适当的性能。Nevis集成了 NAC作为LAN的第一道安全防线。此外,企业还需要实现基于角色的网络访问控制,以及起关键作用的主动安全測试——实时的多级安全威胁检测和微秒级的安全威胁堵截。集中的安全策略配置、管理和报告使其能够迅速地对问題进行分析,对用户的活动进行跟踪,这些都是实时可见的,也是历史可查的。
(1) C (2) B (3) C (4) A (5) C

NAC’s(Network Access Control) role is to restrict network access to only compliant endpoints and (1) users. However, NAC is not a complete LAN (2) solution; additional proactive and (3) security measures must be implemented. Nevis is the first and only comprehensive LAN security solution that combines deep security processing of every packet at 10Gbps, ensuring a high level of security plus application availability and performance. Nevis integrates NAC as the first line of LAN security (4) . In addition to NAC, enterprises need to implement role-based network access control as well as critical proactive security measures— real-time, multilevel (5)inspection and microsecond threat containment.

Aautomated

Bdistinguished

Cauthenticated

Ddestructed

参考答案:C
解析:络访问控制(NAC)的作用是限制对网络的访问,只允许注册的终端和认证的用户访问网络。然而NAC不是一个完整的LAN安全解决方案,另外还要实现主动的和被动的安全手段。Nevis是第一个也是仅有的全面的LAN安全解决方案,它以lOGbps的速率对每一个分组进行深度的安全处理,在提供高级别安全的同时能保证网络应用的可利用性和适当的性能。Nevis集成了 NAC作为LAN的第一道安全防线。此外,企业还需要实现基于角色的网络访问控制,以及起关键作用的主动安全測试——实时的多级安全威胁检测和微秒级的安全威胁堵截。集中的安全策略配置、管理和报告使其能够迅速地对问題进行分析,对用户的活动进行跟踪,这些都是实时可见的,也是历史可查的。
(1) C (2) B (3) C (4) A (5) C

NAC’s(Network Access Control) role is to restrict network access to only compliant endpoints and (1) users. However, NAC is not a complete LAN (2) solution; additional proactive and (3) security measures must be implemented. Nevis is the first and only comprehensive LAN security solution that combines deep security processing of every packet at 10Gbps, ensuring a high level of security plus application availability and performance. Nevis integrates NAC as the first line of LAN security (4) . In addition to NAC, enterprises need to implement role-based network access control as well as critical proactive security measures— real-time, multilevel (5)inspection and microsecond threat containment.

Arisis

Bsecurity

Cfavorable

Dexcellent

参考答案:B
解析:络访问控制(NAC)的作用是限制对网络的访问,只允许注册的终端和认证的用户访问网络。然而NAC不是一个完整的LAN安全解决方案,另外还要实现主动的和被动的安全手段。Nevis是第一个也是仅有的全面的LAN安全解决方案,它以lOGbps的速率对每一个分组进行深度的安全处理,在提供高级别安全的同时能保证网络应用的可利用性和适当的性能。Nevis集成了 NAC作为LAN的第一道安全防线。此外,企业还需要实现基于角色的网络访问控制,以及起关键作用的主动安全測试——实时的多级安全威胁检测和微秒级的安全威胁堵截。集中的安全策略配置、管理和报告使其能够迅速地对问題进行分析,对用户的活动进行跟踪,这些都是实时可见的,也是历史可查的。
(1) C (2) B (3) C (4) A (5) C

NAC’s(Network Access Control) role is to restrict network access to only compliant endpoints and (1) users. However, NAC is not a complete LAN (2) solution; additional proactive and (3) security measures must be implemented. Nevis is the first and only comprehensive LAN security solution that combines deep security processing of every packet at 10Gbps, ensuring a high level of security plus application availability and performance. Nevis integrates NAC as the first line of LAN security (4) . In addition to NAC, enterprises need to implement role-based network access control as well as critical proactive security measures— real-time, multilevel (5)inspection and microsecond threat containment.

Aconstructive

Breductive

Creactive

Dproductive

参考答案:C
解析:络访问控制(NAC)的作用是限制对网络的访问,只允许注册的终端和认证的用户访问网络。然而NAC不是一个完整的LAN安全解决方案,另外还要实现主动的和被动的安全手段。Nevis是第一个也是仅有的全面的LAN安全解决方案,它以lOGbps的速率对每一个分组进行深度的安全处理,在提供高级别安全的同时能保证网络应用的可利用性和适当的性能。Nevis集成了 NAC作为LAN的第一道安全防线。此外,企业还需要实现基于角色的网络访问控制,以及起关键作用的主动安全測试——实时的多级安全威胁检测和微秒级的安全威胁堵截。集中的安全策略配置、管理和报告使其能够迅速地对问題进行分析,对用户的活动进行跟踪,这些都是实时可见的,也是历史可查的。
(1) C (2) B (3) C (4) A (5) C

【题目解析】络访问控制(NAC)的作用是限制对网络的访问,只允许注册的终端和认证的用户访问网络。然而NAC不是一个完整的LAN安全解决方案,另外还要实现主动的和被动的安全手段。Nevis是第一个也是仅有的全面的LAN安全解决方案,它以lOGbps的速率对每一个分组进行深度的安全处理,在提供高级别安全的同时能保证网络应用的可利用性和适当的性能。Nevis集成了 NAC作为LAN的第一道安全防线。此外,企业还需要实现基于角色的网络访问控制,以及起关键作用的主动安全測试——实时的多级安全威胁检测和微秒级的安全威胁堵截。集中的安全策略配置、管理和报告使其能够迅速地对问題进行分析,对用户的活动进行跟踪,这些都是实时可见的,也是历史可查的。
(1) C (2) B (3) C (4) A (5) C

206[单项选择题]The usual way to ensure reliable delivery is to provide the  (1)  with some feedback about what is happening at the other end of the line. Typically, the protocol calls for the receiver to send back special  (2)  frame bearing positive or negative  (3)  about the incoming frames. If the sender receives a positive acknowledgement about a frame, it knows the the frame has arrived safely. On the other hand, a negative acknowledgement means that something has gone wrong, and the frame must be transmitted again.An additional complication comes from the possibility that hardware troubles may cause a frame to  (4)  completely. In this case, the receiver will not react at all, since it has no any reason to react. It should be clear that a protocol in which the sender transmits a frame and then waits for an acknowledgement, positive or negative, will hang forever if a frame is ever lost due to, for example,  (5)  hardware.

1.The usual way to ensure reliable delivery is to provide the  (1)  with some feedback about what is happening at the other end of the line. Typically, the protocol calls for the receiver to send back special  (2)  frame bearing positive or negative  (3)  about the incoming frames. If the sender receives a positive acknowledgement about a frame, it knows the the frame has arrived safely. On the other hand, a negative acknowledgement means that something has gone wrong, and the frame must be transmitted again.An additional complication comes from the possibility that hardware troubles may cause a frame to  (4)  completely. In this case, the receiver will not react at all, since it has no any reason to react. It should be clear that a protocol in which the sender transmits a frame and then waits for an acknowledgement, positive or negative, will hang forever if a frame is ever lost due to, for example,  (5)  hardware.

Adata

B​controll

Crequest

Dsession

参考答案:B
解析:保证可靠提交的常用方法是向发送端提供一些反馈信息,使它知道在线路的另一端 发生了什么情况。典型的情况是:协议要求接收端回送一个承载有关输入帧的肯定或否定应答的特殊控制帧。如果发送端收到了有关帧的肯定应答,它就知道发送的帧已经安全到达。另一方面,否定应答则意味着出现了某种错误,应该重新发送出错的帧。 
还有一些复杂的情况可能发生,硬件故障可能引起帧完全消失。在这种情况下,接收端完全没有反应,因为它根本无法反应。显然,如果一个帧由于硬件失效而丢失了, 那么这样的协议:发送端发出一个帧然后等待肯定或否定应答,就会被永远地挂起了。 
 参考答案(1) C (2) B (3) D (4) A (5) C

2.The usual way to ensure reliable delivery is to provide the  (1)  with some feedback about what is happening at the other end of the line. Typically, the protocol calls for the receiver to send back special  (2)  frame bearing positive or negative  (3)  about the incoming frames. If the sender receives a positive acknowledgement about a frame, it knows the the frame has arrived safely. On the other hand, a negative acknowledgement means that something has gone wrong, and the frame must be transmitted again.An additional complication comes from the possibility that hardware troubles may cause a frame to  (4)  completely. In this case, the receiver will not react at all, since it has no any reason to react. It should be clear that a protocol in which the sender transmits a frame and then waits for an acknowledgement, positive or negative, will hang forever if a frame is ever lost due to, for example,  (5)  hardware.

Areceiver

Bcontroller

Csender

Dsender

参考答案:C
解析:保证可靠提交的常用方法是向发送端提供一些反馈信息,使它知道在线路的另一端 发生了什么情况。典型的情况是:协议要求接收端回送一个承载有关输入帧的肯定或否定应答的特殊控制帧。如果发送端收到了有关帧的肯定应答,它就知道发送的帧已经安全到达。另一方面,否定应答则意味着出现了某种错误,应该重新发送出错的帧。
还有一些复杂的情况可能发生,硬件故障可能引起帧完全消失。在这种情况下,接收端完全没有反应,因为它根本无法反应。显然,如果一个帧由于硬件失效而丢失了, 那么这样的协议:发送端发出一个帧然后等待肯定或否定应答,就会被永远地挂起了。 
参考答案(1) C (2) B (3) D (4) A (5) C

3.The usual way to ensure reliable delivery is to provide the  (1)  with some feedback about what is happening at the other end of the line. Typically, the protocol calls for the receiver to send back special  (2)  frame bearing positive or negative  (3)  about the incoming frames. If the sender receives a positive acknowledgement about a frame, it knows the the frame has arrived safely. On the other hand, a negative acknowledgement means that something has gone wrong, and the frame must be transmitted again.An additional complication comes from the possibility that hardware troubles may cause a frame to  (4)  completely. In this case, the receiver will not react at all, since it has no any reason to react. It should be clear that a protocol in which the sender transmits a frame and then waits for an acknowledgement, positive or negative, will hang forever if a frame is ever lost due to, for example,  (5)  hardware.

Avanish

Bvary

Cappear

Dincline

参考答案:A
解析:保证可靠提交的常用方法是向发送端提供一些反馈信息,使它知道在线路的另一端 发生了什么情况。典型的情况是:协议要求接收端回送一个承载有关输入帧的肯定或否定应答的特殊控制帧。如果发送端收到了有关帧的肯定应答,它就知道发送的帧已经安全到达。另一方面,否定应答则意味着出现了某种错误,应该重新发送出错的帧。 
还有一些复杂的情况可能发生,硬件故障可能引起帧完全消失。在这种情况下,接收端完全没有反应,因为它根本无法反应。显然,如果一个帧由于硬件失效而丢失了, 那么这样的协议:发送端发出一个帧然后等待肯定或否定应答,就会被永远地挂起了。 
 参考答案(1) C (2) B (3) D (4) A (5) C

4.The usual way to ensure reliable delivery is to provide the  (1)  with some feedback about what is happening at the other end of the line. Typically, the protocol calls for the receiver to send back special  (2)  frame bearing positive or negative  (3)  about the incoming frames. If the sender receives a positive acknowledgement about a frame, it knows the the frame has arrived safely. On the other hand, a negative acknowledgement means that something has gone wrong, and the frame must be transmitted again.An additional complication comes from the possibility that hardware troubles may cause a frame to  (4)  completely. In this case, the receiver will not react at all, since it has no any reason to react. It should be clear that a protocol in which the sender transmits a frame and then waits for an acknowledgement, positive or negative, will hang forever if a frame is ever lost due to, for example,  (5)  hardware.

Aapplication

Bconnection

Cstream

Dacknowledgemen

参考答案:D
解析:保证可靠提交的常用方法是向发送端提供一些反馈信息,使它知道在线路的另一端 发生了什么情况。典型的情况是:协议要求接收端回送一个承载有关输入帧的肯定或否定应答的特殊控制帧。如果发送端收到了有关帧的肯定应答,它就知道发送的帧已经安全到达。另一方面,否定应答则意味着出现了某种错误,应该重新发送出错的帧。 
还有一些复杂的情况可能发生,硬件故障可能引起帧完全消失。在这种情况下,接收端完全没有反应,因为它根本无法反应。显然,如果一个帧由于硬件失效而丢失了, 那么这样的协议:发送端发出一个帧然后等待肯定或否定应答,就会被永远地挂起了。 
 参考答案(1) C (2) B (3) D (4) A (5) C

5.The usual way to ensure reliable delivery is to provide the  (1)  with some feedback about what is happening at the other end of the line. Typically, the protocol calls for the receiver to send back special  (2)  frame bearing positive or negative  (3)  about the incoming frames. If the sender receives a positive acknowledgement about a frame, it knows the the frame has arrived safely. On the other hand, a negative acknowledgement means that something has gone wrong, and the frame must be transmitted again.An additional complication comes from the possibility that hardware troubles may cause a frame to  (4)  completely. In this case, the receiver will not react at all, since it has no any reason to react. It should be clear that a protocol in which the sender transmits a frame and then waits for an acknowledgement, positive or negative, will hang forever if a frame is ever lost due to, for example,  (5)  hardware.

Aacting

Bworking

Cmalfunctioning

Dfunctioning

参考答案:C
解析:保证可靠提交的常用方法是向发送端提供一些反馈信息,使它知道在线路的另一端 发生了什么情况。典型的情况是:协议要求接收端回送一个承载有关输入帧的肯定或否定应答的特殊控制帧。如果发送端收到了有关帧的肯定应答,它就知道发送的帧已经安全到达。另一方面,否定应答则意味着出现了某种错误,应该重新发送出错的帧。 
还有一些复杂的情况可能发生,硬件故障可能引起帧完全消失。在这种情况下,接收端完全没有反应,因为它根本无法反应。显然,如果一个帧由于硬件失效而丢失了, 那么这样的协议:发送端发出一个帧然后等待肯定或否定应答,就会被永远地挂起了。 
 参考答案(1) C (2) B (3) D (4) A (5) C

【题目解析】保证可靠提交的常用方法是向发送端提供一些反馈信息,使它知道在线路的另一端 发生了什么情况。典型的情况是:协议要求接收端回送一个承载有关输入帧的肯定或否定应答的特殊控制帧。如果发送端收到了有关帧的肯定应答,它就知道发送的帧已经安全到达。另一方面,否定应答则意味着出现了某种错误,应该重新发送出错的帧。 
还有一些复杂的情况可能发生,硬件故障可能引起帧完全消失。在这种情况下,接收端完全没有反应,因为它根本无法反应。显然,如果一个帧由于硬件失效而丢失了, 那么这样的协议:发送端发出一个帧然后等待肯定或否定应答,就会被永远地挂起了。 
 参考答案(1) C (2) B (3) D (4) A (5) C

207[单项选择题]Which of the following is not an input to quality planning? ()

Ascope statement

Bregulations

Cwork results

Dstandards

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】下列哪项不是质量计划的输入?()

208[单项选择题]( )operate by distributing a workload evenly over multiple back endnodes. Typically the cluster will be configured with multiple redundantload-balancing front ends.

AHigh-availability clusters

BLoad-balancing clusters

CGrid computing

DCloud Computing

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】负载均衡集群操作的工作量均匀分布在多个后端节点,通常情况下将在集群配置多个冗余负载均衡前端。

209[单项选择题]WLANs are increasingly popular because they enable cost-effective connections among people and applications that were not possible in the past. For example, WLAN-based applications can enable fine-grained management of supply  (1)  to improve their efficiency and reduce  (2)  . WLANs can also enable entirely new business processes. To cite but one example, hospitals are using WLAN-enabled point-of-care  (3)  to reduce errors and improve overall patient care. WLAN management solutions provide a variety of other benefits that can be substantial but difficult to measure. For example, they can protect corporate data by preventing (4)through rogue access points. They can improve overall network management by integrating with customers’ existing systems. Fortunately, it isn’t necessary to measure these benefits to justify investing in WLAN management solutions, which can quickly pay for themselves simply by minimizing time-(5) deployment and administrative chores.

WLANs are increasingly popular because they enable cost-effective connections among people and applications that were not possible in the past. For example, WLAN-based applications can enable fine-grained management of supply  (1)  to improve their efficiency and reduce  (2)  . WLANs can also enable entirely new business processes. To cite but one example, hospitals are using WLAN-enabled point-of-care  (3)  to reduce errors and improve overall patient care. WLAN management solutions provide a variety of other benefits that can be substantial but difficult to measure. For example, they can protect corporate data by preventing (4)through rogue access points. They can improve overall network management by integrating with customers’ existing systems. Fortunately, it isn’t necessary to measure these benefits to justify investing in WLAN management solutions, which can quickly pay for themselves simply by minimizing time-(5) deployment and administrative chores.

Aoverhead

Boverhead

Csupply

Deffect

参考答案:B
解析:无线同域网(WLAN)日益普及起来,这是因为它能够在用户和应用之间有效地建立连接,这在过去是难以做到的。例如基于WALN的应用可以对供应链进行细粒度的管理,从而改进效率,减少开销。WLAN也可以创造全新的商业过程。仅举出其中的一个例子,医院使用基于WLAN的护理点应用来减少差错,全面改进病员护理。WLAN管理解决方案提供的各种实质上的好处是很难度量的。例如.它可以保护公司的数据,防止恶意的访问。它可以全面地改进网络管理,并集成到用户现有的系统中。幸好,我们无需量化这些收益来证明WLAN管理解决方案的合理性,因为它能很快地补偿由于部署这些应用和管理亊务而付出的时间开销。
(1) C (2) A (3) B (4) D (5) B

WLANs are increasingly popular because they enable cost-effective connections among people and applications that were not possible in the past. For example, WLAN-based applications can enable fine-grained management of supply  (1)  to improve their efficiency and reduce  (2)  . WLANs can also enable entirely new business processes. To cite but one example, hospitals are using WLAN-enabled point-of-care  (3)  to reduce errors and improve overall patient care. WLAN management solutions provide a variety of other benefits that can be substantial but difficult to measure. For example, they can protect corporate data by preventing (4)through rogue access points. They can improve overall network management by integrating with customers’ existing systems. Fortunately, it isn’t necessary to measure these benefits to justify investing in WLAN management solutions, which can quickly pay for themselves simply by minimizing time-(5) deployment and administrative chores.

Aoverhead

Bconnection

Csupply

Deffect

参考答案:A
解析:无线同域网(WLAN)日益普及起来,这是因为它能够在用户和应用之间有效地建立连接,这在过去是难以做到的。例如基于WALN的应用可以对供应链进行细粒度的管理,从而改进效率,减少开销。WLAN也可以创造全新的商业过程。仅举出其中的一个例子,医院使用基于WLAN的护理点应用来减少差错,全面改进病员护理。WLAN管理解决方案提供的各种实质上的好处是很难度量的。例如.它可以保护公司的数据,防止恶意的访问。它可以全面地改进网络管理,并集成到用户现有的系统中。幸好,我们无需量化这些收益来证明WLAN管理解决方案的合理性,因为它能很快地补偿由于部署这些应用和管理亊务而付出的时间开销。
(1) C (2) A (3) B (4) D (5) B

WLANs are increasingly popular because they enable cost-effective connections among people and applications that were not possible in the past. For example, WLAN-based applications can enable fine-grained management of supply  (1)  to improve their efficiency and reduce  (2)  . WLANs can also enable entirely new business processes. To cite but one example, hospitals are using WLAN-enabled point-of-care  (3)  to reduce errors and improve overall patient care. WLAN management solutions provide a variety of other benefits that can be substantial but difficult to measure. For example, they can protect corporate data by preventing (4)through rogue access points. They can improve overall network management by integrating with customers’ existing systems. Fortunately, it isn’t necessary to measure these benefits to justify investing in WLAN management solutions, which can quickly pay for themselves simply by minimizing time-(5) deployment and administrative chores.

Acapable

Bconsuming

Ceffective

Dconnected

参考答案:B
解析:无线同域网(WLAN)日益普及起来,这是因为它能够在用户和应用之间有效地建立连接,这在过去是难以做到的。例如基于WALN的应用可以对供应链进行细粒度的管理,从而改进效率,减少开销。WLAN也可以创造全新的商业过程。仅举出其中的一个例子,医院使用基于WLAN的护理点应用来减少差错,全面改进病员护理。WLAN管理解决方案提供的各种实质上的好处是很难度量的。例如.它可以保护公司的数据,防止恶意的访问。它可以全面地改进网络管理,并集成到用户现有的系统中。幸好,我们无需量化这些收益来证明WLAN管理解决方案的合理性,因为它能很快地补偿由于部署这些应用和管理亊务而付出的时间开销。
(1) C (2) A (3) B (4) D (5) B

WLANs are increasingly popular because they enable cost-effective connections among people and applications that were not possible in the past. For example, WLAN-based applications can enable fine-grained management of supply  (1)  to improve their efficiency and reduce  (2)  . WLANs can also enable entirely new business processes. To cite but one example, hospitals are using WLAN-enabled point-of-care  (3)  to reduce errors and improve overall patient care. WLAN management solutions provide a variety of other benefits that can be substantial but difficult to measure. For example, they can protect corporate data by preventing (4)through rogue access points. They can improve overall network management by integrating with customers’ existing systems. Fortunately, it isn’t necessary to measure these benefits to justify investing in WLAN management solutions, which can quickly pay for themselves simply by minimizing time-(5) deployment and administrative chores.

Aintegration

Binterest

Cinstruction

Dintrusion

参考答案:D
解析:无线同域网(WLAN)日益普及起来,这是因为它能够在用户和应用之间有效地建立连接,这在过去是难以做到的。例如基于WALN的应用可以对供应链进行细粒度的管理,从而改进效率,减少开销。WLAN也可以创造全新的商业过程。仅举出其中的一个例子,医院使用基于WLAN的护理点应用来减少差错,全面改进病员护理。WLAN管理解决方案提供的各种实质上的好处是很难度量的。例如.它可以保护公司的数据,防止恶意的访问。它可以全面地改进网络管理,并集成到用户现有的系统中。幸好,我们无需量化这些收益来证明WLAN管理解决方案的合理性,因为它能很快地补偿由于部署这些应用和管理亊务而付出的时间开销。
(1) C (2) A (3) B (4) D (5) B

WLANs are increasingly popular because they enable cost-effective connections among people and applications that were not possible in the past. For example, WLAN-based applications can enable fine-grained management of supply  (1)  to improve their efficiency and reduce  (2)  . WLANs can also enable entirely new business processes. To cite but one example, hospitals are using WLAN-enabled point-of-care  (3)  to reduce errors and improve overall patient care. WLAN management solutions provide a variety of other benefits that can be substantial but difficult to measure. For example, they can protect corporate data by preventing (4)through rogue access points. They can improve overall network management by integrating with customers’ existing systems. Fortunately, it isn’t necessary to measure these benefits to justify investing in WLAN management solutions, which can quickly pay for themselves simply by minimizing time-(5) deployment and administrative chores.

Acustom

Bserver

Cchains

Dchances

参考答案:C
解析:无线同域网(WLAN)日益普及起来,这是因为它能够在用户和应用之间有效地建立连接,这在过去是难以做到的。例如基于WALN的应用可以对供应链进行细粒度的管理,从而改进效率,减少开销。WLAN也可以创造全新的商业过程。仅举出其中的一个例子,医院使用基于WLAN的护理点应用来减少差错,全面改进病员护理。WLAN管理解决方案提供的各种实质上的好处是很难度量的。例如.它可以保护公司的数据,防止恶意的访问。它可以全面地改进网络管理,并集成到用户现有的系统中。幸好,我们无需量化这些收益来证明WLAN管理解决方案的合理性,因为它能很快地补偿由于部署这些应用和管理亊务而付出的时间开销。
(1) C (2) A (3) B (4) D (5) B

【题目解析】无线同域网(WLAN)日益普及起来,这是因为它能够在用户和应用之间有效地建立连接,这在过去是难以做到的。例如基于WALN的应用可以对供应链进行细粒度的管理,从而改进效率,减少开销。WLAN也可以创造全新的商业过程。仅举出其中的一个例子,医院使用基于WLAN的护理点应用来减少差错,全面改进病员护理。WLAN管理解决方案提供的各种实质上的好处是很难度量的。例如.它可以保护公司的数据,防止恶意的访问。它可以全面地改进网络管理,并集成到用户现有的系统中。幸好,我们无需量化这些收益来证明WLAN管理解决方案的合理性,因为它能很快地补偿由于部署这些应用和管理亊务而付出的时间开销。
(1) C (2) A (3) B (4) D (5) B

210[单项选择题]The receiving activities conduct analyses of the requirements with the requirements provider to ensure that a compatible, shared understandin is reached on the meaning of the requirements. The result of this analysis and dialog is an ( )set of requirements.

Aagreed-to

Bagree-to

Cagree-to-do

Dagree-with

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】这些可以接受的活动分析了需求提供者的需求,以确定对需求的含义有一个一致的、共同的理解。

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