/*
*Copyright (c) 2014,烟台大学计算机学院
*All rights reserved.
*文件名称: test.cpp
*作 者:满星辰
*完成日期:2015 年 4 月 15 日
*版本号:v1.0
*
*问题描述:(3)友元函数提供了一种非成员函数访问私有数据成员的途径,
模板类使类中的数据成员的类型变得灵活,这两种技术可以结合起来用。
要求在前面方案的基础上支持用友员函数实现的加法
*输入描述:
*程序输出:
*/
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
template <class numtype>
class Complex
{
public:
Complex(numtype r=0,numtype i=0):real(r),imag(i) {};
//Complex(numtype r,numtype i);
Complex operator + (Complex &c2);
Complex operator - (Complex &c2);
Complex operator * (Complex &c2);
Complex operator / (Complex &c2);
void display();
template<class T2> friend Complex<T2> add_complex(const Complex<T2> &c1, const Complex<T2> &c2);
private:
numtype real;
numtype imag;
};
//友元函数的实现:
template <class numtype>
Complex<numtype> add_complex(const Complex<numtype> &c1,const Complex<numtype> &c2)
{
Complex<numtype> c;
c.real=c1.real+c2.real;
c.imag=c1.imag+c2.imag;
return c;
}
template <class numtype>
void Complex<numtype>::display()
{
cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i"<<")"<<endl;
}
template <class numtype>
Complex<numtype> Complex<numtype>::operator + (Complex<numtype> &c2)
{
Complex c;
c.real=real+c2.real;
c.imag=imag+c2.imag;
return c;
}
template <class numtype>
Complex<numtype> Complex<numtype>::operator - (Complex<numtype> &c2)
{
Complex c;
c.real=real-c2.real;
c.imag=imag-c2.imag;
return c;
}
template <class numtype>
Complex<numtype> Complex<numtype>::operator * (Complex<numtype> &c2)
{
Complex c;
c.real=real*c2.real-imag*c2.imag;
c.imag=real*c2.imag+imag*c2.real;
return c;
}
template <class numtype>
Complex<numtype> Complex<numtype>::operator / (Complex<numtype> &c2)
{
Complex c;
c.real=(real*c2.real+imag*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);
c.imag=(imag*c2.real-real*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);
return c;
}
int main( )
{
Complex<int> c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
c3=c1+c2; //调用成员函数支持加法运算,有一个形参
cout<<"c1+c2=";
c3.display( );
Complex<double> c4(3.1,4.4),c5(5.34,-10.21),c6;
c6=c4+c5; //调用成员函数支持加法运算,有一个形参
cout<<"c4+c5=";
c6.display( );
Complex<int> c7;
c7=add_complex(c1,c2); //调用友员函数支持加法运算,有两个形参
cout<<"c1+c2=";
c7.display( );
Complex<double> c8;
c8=add_complex(c4,c5); //调用友员函数支持加法运算,有两个形参
cout<<"c4+c5=";
c8.display( );
return 0;
}
图片:
心得:
再上一个函数的基础上加了个友元函数:竟然要在声明友元函数时前面加上模板类的声明!!!
本来我所有类模板的声明都用的template <class numtype>,但是在声明友元函数时这么声明报错了
改成别的模板名称如template <class T2>就行了。。。见鬼的这是什么原理!!!!!!