iOS 系统应用调用: 电话、短信息、邮件

我们在很多的App上面都会发现，你可以直接通过某个按钮拨打特定的电话号码，或者给某个人发送信息，本节就给大家讲解一下如何实现这些功能。

一、打电话

在程序内调用系统打电话，我们可以通过UIWebView实现

• 创建一个webView

 
    //通过UIWebView实现
    UIWebView *phoneWV = [[UIWebView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectZero];
    [self.view addSubview:phoneWV];

• 读入电话号码

 
    //读入电话号码
    NSString *urlStr = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"tel://%@",self.myText.text];//self.myText.text是你要读入的电话号码，tel:不可省略，否则程序会出错
    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlStr];
    NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];

• 加载请求

 
    //加载请求
    [phoneWV loadRequest:request];

二、发短信

我们利用MFMessageComposeViewController，可以在不跳出程序的情况下发送我们的信息。

• 引入头文件，并添加代理接口

 
#import <MessageUI/MessageUI.h>
@interface ViewController ()<MFMessgeComposeViewControllerDelegate>
@end

• 在设备支持的环境下，发送短信

 
//如果设备支持发送短信，返回yes。
 if( [MFMessageComposeViewController canSendText] ){
       // MFMessageComposeViewController提供了操作界面,这里我们创建一个相应的控制器
        MFMessageComposeViewController * controller = [[MFMessageComposeViewController alloc]init];
        controller.recipients = [NSArray arrayWithObject:self.myText.text];
        controller.body = @"测试发短信";
        controller.messageComposeDelegate = self;
       //显示发送信息界面的控制器
        [self presentViewController:controller animated:YES completion:nil];
    }else{
        NSLog(@"设备不具备短信功能");
    }

• 通过实现相应的代理方法返回程序

 
/*短信发送完成后返回app*/
- (void)messageComposeViewController:(MFMessageComposeViewController *)controller didFinishWithResult:(MessageComposeResult)result{
    [controller dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
    if (result ==  MessageComposeResultSent) {
        NSLog(@"发送成功");
    }
}

三、发送邮件

与发送短信类似，我们需要利用MFMailComposeViewController，可以在不跳出程序的情况下发送我们的邮件。

• 引入头文件，并添加代理接口

 
#import <MessageUI/MFMailComposeViewController.h>
@interface ViewController ()<MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate>
@end

• 在设备支持的环境下，发送邮件

 
//如果设备支持发送邮件，返回yes。
  if ([MFMailComposeViewController canSendMail]) {
        MFMailComposeViewController* controller = [[MFMailComposeViewController alloc] init];
        controller.mailComposeDelegate = self;
        [controller setToRecipients:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:self.myText.text, nil]];//self.myText.text为邮件地址
      //要发送的邮件主题
        [controller setSubject:@"邮件测试"];
     //要发送邮件的内容
        [controller setMessageBody:@"Hello " isHTML:NO];
        [self presentViewController:controller animated:YES completion:nil];
    }else{
        NSLog(@"设备不具备发送邮件功能");
    }

• 通过实现相应的代理方法返回程序

 
- (void)mailComposeController:(MFMailComposeViewController*)controller
          didFinishWithResult:(MFMailComposeResult)result
                        error:(NSError*)error;
{
    if (result == MFMailComposeResultSent) {
        NSLog(@"邮件发送成功");
    }
    [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
}

四、示例代码

• 在故事板中加入三个按钮以及一个textField控件，并与viewController建立关联

 
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *myText;
//打电话
- (IBAction)clickBtn:(id)sender ;
//发短信
- (IBAction)clickSmsBtn:(id)sender;
//发邮件
- (IBAction)clickEmailBtn:(id)sender;

• 引入相应的头文件并添加代理接口

 
#import <MessageUI/MessageUI.h>
#import <MessageUI/MFMailComposeViewController.h>
@interface ViewController ()<MFMessageComposeViewControllerDelegate,MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate>
@end

• 在相应按钮的点击方法中实现相关的功能，并实现相应的代理方法

 
//打电话
- (IBAction)clickBtn:(id)sender {
    //通过UIWebView实现
    UIWebView *phoneWV = [[UIWebView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectZero];
    [self.view addSubview:phoneWV];
    //读入电话号码
    NSString *urlStr = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"tel:%@",self.myText.text];
    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlStr];
    NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
    //加载请求
    [phoneWV loadRequest:request];
}
//发短信
- (IBAction)clickSmsBtn:(id)sender {
    if( [MFMessageComposeViewController canSendText] ){  
        MFMessageComposeViewController * controller = [[MFMessageComposeViewController alloc]init];;
        controller.recipients = [NSArray arrayWithObject:self.myText.text];
        controller.body = @"测试发短信";
        controller.messageComposeDelegate = self;
        [self presentViewController:controller animated:YES completion:nil];
    }else{
        NSLog(@"设备不具备短信功能");
    }
}
/*短信发送完成后返回app*/
- (void)messageComposeViewController:(MFMessageComposeViewController *)controller didFinishWithResult:(MessageComposeResult)result{
    [controller dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
    if (result ==  MessageComposeResultSent) {
        NSLog(@"发送成功");
    } 
}
//发邮件
- (IBAction)clickEmailBtn:(id)sender {
    
    if ([MFMailComposeViewController canSendMail]) {
        
        MFMailComposeViewController* controller = [[MFMailComposeViewController alloc] init];
        controller.mailComposeDelegate = self;
        [controller setToRecipients:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:self.myText.text, nil]];
        [controller setSubject:@"邮件测试"];
        [controller setMessageBody:@"Hello " isHTML:NO];
        [self presentViewController:controller animated:YES completion:nil];
    }else{
        NSLog(@"设备不具备发送邮件功能");
    }
    
}
- (void)mailComposeController:(MFMailComposeViewController*)controller didFinishWithResult:(MFMailComposeResult)result error:(NSError*)error
{
    if (result == MFMailComposeResultSent) {
        NSLog(@"邮件发送成功");
    }
    [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
}