1、添加三块硬盘： 第一块硬盘，虚拟磁盘类型选择SCSI。大小选择5G。按mbr格式分区。分两个主分区,大小分别为2G和3G。第一个主分区创建ext2类型的文件系统。第一个主分区挂载到/guazai1目录，并在其中存入1.txt的文件。其文件内容是this is 1。
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-10485759, default 2048):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-10485759, default 10485759): +2g
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 2 GiB.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 5 GiB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors
Disk model: VMware Virtual S
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xd3df5b52
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1 2048 4196351 4194304 2G 83 Linux
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2):
First sector (4196352-10485759, default 4196352):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (4196352-10485759, default 10485759): +2g
Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux' and of size 2 GiB.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 5 GiB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors
Disk model: VMware Virtual S
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xd3df5b52
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1 2048 4196351 4194304 2G 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 4196352 8390655 4194304 2G 83 Linux
Command (m for help): wq
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk -p
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
/dev/sda 8:0 0 10G 0 disk
/dev/sdb 8:16 0 5G 0 disk
├─/dev/sdb1 8:17 0 2G 0 part
└─/dev/sdb2 8:18 0 2G 0 part
/dev/nvme0n1 259:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─/dev/nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 600M 0 part /boot/efi
├─/dev/nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─/dev/nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 18.4G 0 part
├─/dev/mapper/rhel-root 253:0 0 16.4G 0 lvm /
└─/dev/mapper/rhel-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
/dev/nvme0n2 259:4 0 15G 0 disk
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext2 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
Creating filesystem with 524288 4k blocks and 131072 inodes
Filesystem UUID: c65551c6-40c0-4857-a4ba-b19d4ce5995d
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
[root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1: UUID="c65551c6-40c0-4857-a4ba-b19d4ce5995d" TYPE="ext2" PARTUUID="d3df5b52-01"
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb2
mke2fs 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
Creating filesystem with 524288 4k blocks and 131072 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 6b6f1178-1631-47ad-b046-375d3b3a7018
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (16384 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
[root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1: UUID="c65551c6-40c0-4857-a4ba-b19d4ce5995d" TYPE="ext2" PARTUUID="d3df5b52-01"
[root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/sdb2
/dev/sdb2: UUID="6b6f1178-1631-47ad-b046-375d3b3a7018" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" PARTUUID="d3df5b52-02"
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb2
mke2fs 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
/dev/sdb2 contains a ext3 file system
created on Sun Oct 20 14:31:43 2024
Proceed anyway? (y,N) mkdir /guazai1
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /guazai1
[root@localhost ~]# echo this is 1 > /guazai1/1.txt
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /guazai2
mkdir: cannot create directory ‘/guazai2’: File exists
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /guazai2
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /guazai2
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sdb2 /guazai2
[root@localhost ~]# echo this is 2 > /guazai2/2.txt
[root@localhost ~]# 
第二个主分区创建ext3的类型的文件系统。第二个主分区挂载到/guazai2目录，并在其中存入2.txt的文件。其文件内容是this is 2。 第二块硬盘，虚拟磁盘类型选择STAT。大小选择10G。按mbr格式分区。分一个主分区，大小为1G 。分一个扩展分区。大小为6G。分一个逻辑分区，大小为4G。将主分区创建为ext4类型的文件系统。挂载到/guazai3目录。在其中存入3.txt的文件，其文件内容是this is 3。 将逻辑分区创建xfs类型的文件系统。挂载到/guazai4目录。在其中存入4.txt的文件，其文件内容是this is 4。
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.37.4).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x094ec07d.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 10 GiB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Disk model: VMware Virtual S
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x094ec07d
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): +1g
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 1 GiB.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 10 GiB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Disk model: VMware Virtual S
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x094ec07d
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1 2048 2099199 2097152 1G 83 Linux
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): e
Partition number (2-4, default 2):
First sector (2099200-20971519, default 2099200):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2099200-20971519, default 20971519): +6g
Created a new partition 2 of type 'Extended' and of size 6 GiB.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 10 GiB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Disk model: VMware Virtual S
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x094ec07d
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1 2048 2099199 2097152 1G 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 14682111 12582912 6G 5 Extended
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (1 primary, 1 extended, 2 free)
l logical (numbered from 5)
Select (default p): l
Adding logical partition 5
First sector (2101248-14682111, default 2101248):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2101248-14682111, default 14682111): +4g
Created a new partition 5 of type 'Linux' and of size 4 GiB.
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda 8:0 0 10G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part
├─sda2 8:2 0 1K 0 part
└─sda5 8:5 0 4G 0 part
sdb 8:16 0 5G 0 disk
├─sdb1 8:17 0 2G 0 part /guazai1
└─sdb2 8:18 0 2G 0 part /guazai2
nvme0n1 259:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 600M 0 part /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 18.4G 0 part
├─rhel-root 253:0 0 16.4G 0 lvm /
└─rhel-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
nvme0n2 259:4 0 15G 0 disk
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk -p
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
/dev/sda 8:0 0 10G 0 disk
├─/dev/sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part
├─/dev/sda2 8:2 0 1K 0 part
└─/dev/sda5 8:5 0 4G 0 part
/dev/sdb 8:16 0 5G 0 disk
├─/dev/sdb1 8:17 0 2G 0 part /guazai1
└─/dev/sdb2 8:18 0 2G 0 part /guazai2
/dev/nvme0n1 259:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─/dev/nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 600M 0 part /boot/efi
├─/dev/nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─/dev/nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 18.4G 0 part
├─/dev/mapper/rhel-root 253:0 0 16.4G 0 lvm /
└─/dev/mapper/rhel-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
/dev/nvme0n2 259:4 0 15G 0 disk
[root@localhost ~]# mafs.ext4 /dev/sda1
bash: mafs.ext4: command not found...
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1
mke2fs 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
Creating filesystem with 262144 4k blocks and 65536 inodes
Filesystem UUID: c07622a9-d152-401f-9857-8e1d8924afa6
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
[root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/sda1
/dev/sda1: UUID="c07622a9-d152-401f-9857-8e1d8924afa6" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="094ec07d-01"
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /guazai3
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sda1 /guazai3
[root@localhost ~]# echo this is 3 > /guazai3/3.txt
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sda5
meta-data=/dev/sda5 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=262144 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=1, sparse=1, rmapbt=0
= reflink=1 bigtime=1 inobtcount=1 nrext64=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=1048576, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0, ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=16384, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/sda5
/dev/sda5: UUID="2f3ebfc7-6575-4392-bf96-417a7be089cc" TYPE="xfs" PARTUUID="094ec07d-05"
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /guazai4
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sda5 /guazai4
[root@localhost ~]# echo this is 4 > /guazai4
-bash: /guazai4: Is a directory
[root@localhost ~]# echo this is 4 > /guazai4/4.txt
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk -p
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
/dev/sda 8:0 0 10G 0 disk
├─/dev/sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /guazai3
├─/dev/sda2 8:2 0 1K 0 part
└─/dev/sda5 8:5 0 4G 0 part /guazai4
/dev/sdb 8:16 0 5G 0 disk
├─/dev/sdb1 8:17 0 2G 0 part /guazai1
└─/dev/sdb2 8:18 0 2G 0 part /guazai2
/dev/nvme0n1 259:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─/dev/nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 600M 0 part /boot/efi
├─/dev/nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─/dev/nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 18.4G 0 part
├─/dev/mapper/rhel-root 253:0 0 16.4G 0 lvm /
└─/dev/mapper/rhel-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
/dev/nvme0n2 259:4 0 15G 0 disk
[root@localhost ~]# 第三块硬盘，虚拟磁盘类型选择NVME。大小选择15G。按gpt格式分区。分一个主分区。主分区创建xfs类型的文件系统，挂载到/guazai5，在其
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk -p
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
/dev/sda 8:0 0 10G 0 disk
├─/dev/sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /guazai3
├─/dev/sda2 8:2 0 1K 0 part
└─/dev/sda5 8:5 0 4G 0 part /guazai4
/dev/sdb 8:16 0 5G 0 disk
├─/dev/sdb1 8:17 0 2G 0 part /guazai1
└─/dev/sdb2 8:18 0 2G 0 part /guazai2
/dev/nvme0n1 259:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─/dev/nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 600M 0 part /boot/efi
├─/dev/nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─/dev/nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 18.4G 0 part
├─/dev/mapper/rhel-root 253:0 0 16.4G 0 lvm /
└─/dev/mapper/rhel-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
/dev/nvme0n2 259:4 0 15G 0 disk
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/nvme0n2
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.37.4).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x98850692.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/nvme0n2: 15 GiB, 16106127360 bytes, 31457280 sectors
Disk model: VMware Virtual NVMe Disk
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x98850692
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p):
Command (m for help): g
Created a new GPT disklabel (GUID: 77BE4738-70CF-8241-8E57-A7B24C4A79BD).
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/nvme0n2: 15 GiB, 16106127360 bytes, 31457280 sectors
Disk model: VMware Virtual NVMe Disk
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 77BE4738-70CF-8241-8E57-A7B24C4A79BD
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (1-128, default 1):
First sector (2048-31457246, default 2048):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-31457246, default 31457246): +5g
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 5 GiB.
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda 8:0 0 10G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /guazai3
├─sda2 8:2 0 1K 0 part
└─sda5 8:5 0 4G 0 part /guazai4
sdb 8:16 0 5G 0 disk
├─sdb1 8:17 0 2G 0 part /guazai1
└─sdb2 8:18 0 2G 0 part /guazai2
nvme0n1 259:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 600M 0 part /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 18.4G 0 part
├─rhel-root 253:0 0 16.4G 0 lvm /
└─rhel-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
nvme0n2 259:4 0 15G 0 disk
└─nvme0n2p1 259:6 0 5G 0 part
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/nvme0n2p1
meta-data=/dev/nvme0n2p1 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=327680 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=1, sparse=1, rmapbt=0
= reflink=1 bigtime=1 inobtcount=1 nrext64=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=1310720, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0, ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=16384, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/nvme0n2p1
/dev/nvme0n2p1: UUID="3f7031e8-c314-439c-9bef-3d1a1c1174b5" TYPE="xfs" PARTUUID="61f2af0e-8188-5045-95b7-853fd98538a4"
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /guazai5
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/nvme0n2p1 /guazai5
[root@localhost ~]# echo this is 5 > /guazai5/5.txt
[root@localhost ~]# cat /guazai5
cat: /guazai5: Is a directory
[root@localhost ~]# cat /guazai5/5.txt
this is 5中存入5.txt的文件，其文件内容是this is 5。
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