下面是一个完整的 **
Spring Boot
+ Spring Cloud + MyBatis + MySQL
+ Nacos
+ Redis
+ Spring Security
+ Seata** 的
微服务部署和调用示例。我们将构建一个包含多个服务的
微服务系统，演示服务注册发现、配置中心、数据库访问、服务间调用、事务一致性、安全认证等核心功能。
---
## 🧱 项目结构（多模块）
```
microservice-seata-demo/
├── nacos-server/ # Nacos 服务（注册中心
+ 配置中心）
├── user-service/ # 用户服务（
MyBatis + MySQL
+ Redis）
├── order-service/ # 订单服务（Feign
+ Redis
+ Seata
分布式事务）
├── account-service/ # 账户服务（MySQL
+ Seata）
├── gateway-service/ # 网关服务（
Spring Cloud Gateway）
├── auth-service/ # 认证服务（
Spring Security
+ OAuth2）
```
---
## ✅ 第一步：搭建 Nacos Server（注册中心
+ 配置中心）
### 下载并启动 Nacos
```bash
# 下载 Nacos
wget https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases/download/
2.
2.3/nacos-server-
2.
2.3.tar.gz
# 解压并启动
tar -zxvf nacos-server-
2.
2.3.tar.gz
cd nacos/bin
sh startup.sh -m standalone
```
访问 Nacos 控制台：
```
http://localhost:8848/nacos
账号密码：nacos/nacos
```
---
## ✅ 第二步：搭建 Seata Server（
分布式事务）
### 下载并启动 Seata
```bash
wget https://github.com/seata/seata/releases/download/v1.6.1/seata-server-1.6.1.zip
unzip seata-server-1.6.1.zip
cd seata/bin
sh seata-server.sh -p 8091 -m db
```
### 配置 Seata 数据库（MySQL）
创建 `seata` 数据库，并导入 SQL 脚本：
```sql
-- 创建 seata 数据库
CREATE DATABASE seata;
-- 导入建表脚本（来自 seata/conf/db_store.sql）
```
---
## ✅ 第三步：搭建 user-service（用户服务）
### `pom.xml`
```xml
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.
springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>
spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.
cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>
spring-
cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.
cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>
spring-
cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.
mybatis.
spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>
mybatis-
spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>
2.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-j</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.
springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>
spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.lettuce.core</groupId>
<artifactId>lettuce-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
```
### `application.yml`
```yaml
server:
port: 8081
spring:
application:
name: user-service
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: localhost:8848
config:
server-addr: localhost:8848
file-extension: yaml
datasource:
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testdb?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
username: root
password: root
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
redis:
host: localhost
port: 6379
```
### 数据库表
```sql
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` bigint(
20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
`email` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
);
```
### `UserController.
java`
```
java
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/users")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@GetMapping("/{id}")
public User getUserById(@PathVariable Long id) {
return userService.getUserById(id);
}
}
```
---
## ✅ 第四步：搭建 order-service（订单服务）
### `pom.xml`
```xml
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.
springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>
spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.
cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>
spring-
cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.
springframework.
cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>
spring-
cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.seata</groupId>
<artifactId>seata-
spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.6.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.
springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>
spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
```
### `application.yml`
```yaml
server:
port: 808
2
spring:
application:
name: order-service
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: localhost:8848
alibaba:
seata:
tx-service-group: my_tx_group
seata:
enabled: true
registry:
type: nacos
nacos:
server-addr: localhost:8848
application: seata-server
service:
vgroup-mapping:
my_tx_group: default
grouplist:
default: 1
27.0.0.1:8091
```
### `OrderController.
java`
```
java
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/orders")
public class OrderController {
@Autowired
private OrderService orderService;
@GetMapping("/create")
@GlobalTransactional
public String createOrder() {
orderService.createOrder();
return "Order created with transaction";
}
}
```
---
## ✅ 第五步：搭建 account-service（账户服务）
与 `order-service` 类似，用于模拟 Seata 的事务参与方。
---
## ✅ 第六步：搭建 gateway-service（网关服务）
### `pom.xml`
```xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.
springframework.
cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>
spring-
cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.
cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>
spring-
cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
```
### `application.yml`
```yaml
server:
port: 8080
spring:
application:
name: gateway-service
cloud:
gateway:
discovery:
locator:
enabled: true
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: localhost:8848
```
---
## ✅ 第七步：搭建 auth-service（认证服务）
使用
Spring Security
+ OAuth2 实现认证授权。
### `pom.xml`
```xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.
springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>
spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.
springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>
spring-security-
oauth2-resource-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.
springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>
spring-security-
oauth2-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
```
### `SecurityConfig.
java`
```
java
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig {
@Bean
public SecurityFilterChain filterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http
.authorizeRequests()
.anyRequest().authenticated()
.and()
.
oauth2Login();
return http.build();
}
}
```
---
## 🚀 启动顺序
1. 启动 `nacos-server`
2. 启动 `seata-server`
3. 启动 `user-service`
4. 启动 `account-service`
5. 启动 `order-service`
6. 启动 `gateway-service`
7. 启动 `auth-service`
---
## 📡 测试服务调用
- **访问用户服务**（通过网关）：
```
GET http://localhost:8080/user-service/users/1
```
- **创建订单（带
分布式事务）**：
```
GET http://localhost:8080/order-service/orders/create
```
---
## ✅ 示例 Dockerfile（适用于任意服务）
```Dockerfile
FROM openjdk:17-jdk-slim
COPY target/*.jar app.jar
ENTRYPOINT ["
java", "-jar", "app.jar"]
```
---
## ✅ 示例 docker-compose.yml
```yaml
version: '3.8'
services:
nacos:
image: nacos/nacos-server:v
2.
2.3
container_name: nacos
ports:
- "8848:8848"
environment:
MODE: standalone
seata:
image: seataio/seata-server:1.6.1
container_name: seata
ports:
- "8091:8091"
environment:
SEATA_PORT: 8091
user-service:
build: ./user-service
ports:
- "8081:8081"
order-service:
build: ./order-service
ports:
- "808
2:808
2"
gateway-service:
build: ./gateway-service
ports:
- "8080:8080"
```
---
###
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