STM32 RTC 实时钟驱动：日历设置与串口通信实战-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/m0_65923764/article/details/127777334

提示：文章写完后，目录可以自动生成，如何生成可参考右边的帮助文档

文章目录

三，stm32定时器控制LED闪烁和串口通信
总结
- 参考资料

一，学习RTC

1.什么是RTC
RTC (Real Time Clock)：实时时钟
实时时钟是一个独立的定时器。RTC模块拥有一组连续计数的计数器，在相应软件配置下，可提供时钟日历的功能。修改计数器的值可以重新设置系统当前的时间和日期。
RTC模块和时钟配置系统(RCC_BDCR寄存器)处于后备区域，即在系统复位或从待机模式唤醒后， RTC的设置和时间维持不变。
系统复位后，对后备寄存器和RTC的访问被禁止，这是为了防止对后备区域(BKP)的意外写操作。执行以下操作将使能对后备寄存器和RTC的访问：
（1）设置寄存器RCC_APB1ENR的PWREN和BKPEN位，使能电源和后备接口时钟
（2）设置寄存器PWR_CR的DBP位，使能对后备寄存器和RTC的访问。
**

2. RTC组成

**
APB1接口：用来和APB1总线相连。通过APB1接口可以访问RTC的相关寄存器（预分频值，计数器值，闹钟值）。
RTC核心：由一组可编程计数器组成。分两个主要模块。
第一个是RTC预分频模块，它可以编程产生最长1秒的RTC时间基TR_CLK。如果设置了秒中断允许位，可以产生秒中断。
第二个是32位的可编程计数器，可被初始化为当前时间。系统时间按TR_CLK周期累加并与存储在RTC_ALR寄存器中的可编程时间相比，当匹配时候如果设置了闹钟中断允许位，可以产生闹钟中断。
RTC内核完全独立于APB1接口，软件通过APB1接口对RTC相关寄存器访问。但是相关寄存器只在RTC APB1时钟进行重新同步的RTC时钟的上升沿被更新。所以软件必须先等待寄存器同步标志位（RTC_CRL的RSF位）被硬件置1才读。

二，基于STM32CubeMX建立工程

1,配置RCC

在这里插入图片描述

2.配置RTC

在这里插入图片描述

3.设置初始时间

在这里插入图片描述

4.配置USART1

在这里插入图片描述

5，打开keil项目写入以下代码

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header /
/*

@file : main.c
@brief : Main program body

@attention
© Copyright (c) 2021 STMicroelectronics.
All rights reserved.
This software component is licensed by ST under BSD 3-Clause license,
the “License”; You may not use this file except in compliance with the
License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:

                   opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause

/
/ USER CODE END Header /
/ Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include “main.h”
#include “rtc.h”
#include “usart.h”
#include “gpio.h”

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------/
/ USER CODE BEGIN Includes */

/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------/
/ USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
RTC_DateTypeDef GetData; //获取日期结构体

RTC_TimeTypeDef GetTime; //获取时间结构体

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------/
/ USER CODE BEGIN PD /
/ USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------/
/ USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/ USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------/
/ USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**

@brief The application entry point.
@retval int
/
int main(void)
{
/ USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

/* USER CODE END 1 */

/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();

/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

/* USER CODE END Init */

/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();

/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

/* USER CODE END SysInit */

/* Initialize all configured peripherals /
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_RTC_Init();
MX_USART1_UART_Init();
/ USER CODE BEGIN 2 */

/* USER CODE END 2 */

/* Infinite loop /
/ USER CODE BEGIN WHILE /
while (1)
{
/ Get the RTC current Time /
HAL_RTC_GetTime(&hrtc, &GetTime, RTC_FORMAT_BIN);
/ Get the RTC current Date */
HAL_RTC_GetDate(&hrtc, &GetData, RTC_FORMAT_BIN);

  /* Display date Format : yy/mm/dd */
  printf("%02d/%02d/%02d\r\n",2000 + GetData.Year, GetData.Month, GetData.Date);
  /* Display time Format : hh:mm:ss */
  printf("%02d:%02d:%02d\r\n",GetTime.Hours, GetTime.Minutes, GetTime.Seconds);

  printf("\r\n");

  HAL_Delay(1000);

}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**

@brief System Clock Configuration
@retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInit = {0};

/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters

in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE|RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_LSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;
RCC_OscInitStruct.LSEState = RCC_LSE_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/* Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
PeriphClkInit.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_RTC;
PeriphClkInit.RTCClockSelection = RCC_RTCCLKSOURCE_LSE;
if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInit) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**

@brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
@retval None
/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/ USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug /
/ User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state /
__disable_irq();
while (1)
{
}
/ USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**

@brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number

    where the assert_param error has occurred.

@param file: pointer to the source file name
@param line: assert_param error line source number
@retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t file, uint32_t line)
{
/ USER CODE BEGIN 6 /
/ User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
ex: printf(“Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n”, file, line) /
/ USER CODE END 6 /
}
#endif / USE_FULL_ASSERT */

6，将.c文件biuld搭建后的hex文件进行烧录

在这里插入图片描述运行结果如下

三，stm32定时器控制LED闪烁和串口通信

定时器中断函数
void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
static uint32_t time_cnt =0;
static uint32_t time_cnt3 =0;
if(htim->Instance == TIM2)
{
if(++time_cnt >= 400)
{
time_cnt =0;
HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(GPIOA,GPIO_PIN_2);
}
}
if(htim->Instance == TIM3)
{
if(++time_cnt3 >= 1000)
{
time_cnt3 =0;
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,hello,20,100000);
}