课堂笔记对类的讲解
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
//类声明 class
class student{
private://属性 数据成员
string s_name;//#include <string>
int s_age;
char s_address[20];
public://方法 成员函数
void set_messgae(string,int,char*);
void output();
};
void student::set_messgae(string s_name,int age,char* address)
{
this->s_name=s_name;
this->s_age=age;
strcpy( s_address,address);
}
void student::output()
{
cout<<"name="<<this->s_name<<endl;
cout<<"age="<<this->s_age<<endl;
cout<<"address="<<this->s_address<<endl;
}
int main()
{
student *stu=new student;
student s;
string name;
cin>>name;
s.set_messgae(name,17,"江西农大");
s.output();
stu->set_messgae("Mr LI",17,"江西财大");
stu->output();
return 0;
}
在 C++ 中,每一个对象都能通过 this 指针来访问自己的地址。this 指针是所有成员函数的隐含参数。因此,在成员函数内部,它可以用来指向调用对象。
友元函数没有 this 指针,因为友元不是类的成员。只有成员函数才有 this 指针。
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Box
{
public:
// 构造函数定义
Box(double l=2.0, double b=2.0, double h=2.0)
{
cout <<"Constructor called." << endl;
length = l;
breadth = b;
height = h;
}
double Volume()
{
return length * breadth * height;
}
int compare(Box box)
{
return this->Volume() > box.Volume();
}
private:
double length; // Length of a box
double breadth; // Breadth of a box
double height; // Height of a box
};
int main(void)
{
Box Box1(3.3, 1.2, 1.5); // Declare box1
Box Box2(8.5, 6.0, 2.0); // Declare box2
if(Box1.compare(Box2))
{
cout << "Box2 is smaller than Box1" <<endl;
}
else
{
cout << "Box2 is equal to or larger than Box1" <<endl;
}
return 0;
}