Linux下安装mysql环境。

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本文详细介绍了MySQL5.7版本的安装步骤与配置流程，包括安装目录设置、用户及权限配置、初始化数据等关键操作，并提供了登录及密码修改的方法。

1、这里我将Mysql安装在/usr/local/mysql目录里面；

mkdir /usr/local/mysql

2、下载MySQL压缩包

curl -O -L http://dev.MySQL.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.11-Linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

3、解压mysql压缩包

tar -xvf mysql-5.7.11-Linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

4、复制压缩后的文件到你的制定目录

mv mysql-5.7.11-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/* /usr/local/mysql

5、创建data目录

mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data

6、创建mysql用户组

groupadd mysql

7、创建mysql用户

useradd -r -g mysql mysql

8、初始化数据

先进入 mysql

cd /usr/local/mysql

初始化

./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

9、复制配置文件到 /etc/my.cnf

cp -a ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

10、编辑配置文件

vi /etc/my.cnf

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
# server_id = .....
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
character-set-server = utf8
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

11、创建软链接

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/  /usr/bin/

12、启动服务

service mysqld start

13、如果提示初始化密码

mysql5.7会生成一个初始化密码，在root中.mysql_secret文件中。

[root@localhost ~]# cat /root/.mysql_secret
# Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2017-03-16 00:52:34 
ws;fmT7yh0CM

14 、登陆并修改密码

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p

alter user root@localhost identified by 'tiger';

flush privileges;

用户名就是刚才得

ws;fmT7yh0CM

想要修改得密码就是

tiger

如果提示 -bash: mysql: command not found

解决方法如下

vi ~/.bash_profile

添加 export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

保存退出

使配置文件生效

source ~/.bash_profile