重新开始学习apue

最新推荐文章于 2021-01-29 10:15:40 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2021-01-29 10:15:40 发布 · 1.5k 阅读

1 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

unix 专栏收录该内容

6 篇文章

订阅专栏

最近半年其实学习挺乱的，一阵子学习linux，一阵子学习ruby，rails，最近还折腾了考研。哎~！太乱了。

经过深思熟虑，觉得还是不能考研，毕竟经济状况不允许，算了，还是好好折腾我的技术吧。考虑良久，觉得自己学习太过散，应该选一个方面一直深入下去。

感觉自己还算喜欢linux和ruby，那么，从今天开始，深入学习他们。

apue第三次学习了，奈何前两次都没看完。第一次看了600多页，第二次也看了400多页左右，中途都是因为其他的事转移了注意力，同学说我没有定性，什么东西都坚持不到底。特写篇博文告诫自己，要以此为此，给他们看看，其实，我也能把一件事坚持下来。

好吧，下面我把apue的环境搭一下。

因为apue这书，基本上每个程序都引用apue.h。故整理了下面的资料：

--------------------------apue.h-------------------------------------------

/***************************************************
 *                                                 *
 *   @Author:liuyx                                 *
 *   Date: 2013年 10月 17日 星期四 10:28:13 CST   *
 *   CopyRight: liuyx's company                    *
 *                                                 *
 *                                                 *
 *                                                 *
 **************************************************/
#ifndef _APUE_H
#define _APUE_H


#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600  /* Single UNIX Specification Version 3 */
#include <sys/types.h> /* some system still require this */
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/termios.h>


#ifndef TIOCGWINSZ
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#endif


#include <stdio.h> /* for convenience */
#include <stdlib.h> /* for convenience */
#include <stddef.h> /* for offset of */
#include <string.h> /* for convenience */
#include <unistd.h> /* for convenience */
#include <signal.h> /* for SIG_ERR */


#define MAXLINE 4096 /* max line length */


/* Default file access permissions for new lines */
#define FILE_MODE (S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH)


/* Default permissions for new directories */
#define DIR_MODE (FILE_MODE | S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH)


typedef void Sigfunc(int); /* for signal handlers */


#if defined(SIG_IGN) && !defined(SIG_ERR)
#define SIG_ERR ((Sigfunc *)-1)
#endif


#define min(a,b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
#define max(a,b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))


/* Prototypes for our own functions */
char *path_alloc(int *);   /* Figure 2.15 */
long open_max(void);       /* Figure 2.16 */ 
void clr_fl(int,int);      /* Figure 3.11 */
void set_fl(int,int);      /* Figure 3.11 */
void pr_exit(int);         /* Figure 8.5 */
void pr_mask(const char *);/* Figure 10.14 */
Sigfunc *signal_intr(int,Sigfunc *);


int tty_cbreak(int);
int tty_raw(int);
int tty_reset(int);
void tty_atexit(void);
#ifdef ECHO /* only if <termios.h> has been included */
struct termios *tty_termios(void);
#endif


void sleep_us(unsigned int);
ssize_t readn(int, void *, size_t);
ssize_t writen(int, const void *, size_t);
void daemonize(const char *);


int s_pipe(int *);
int recv_fd(int, ssize_t (*func)(int, const void *, size_t));
int send_fd(int,int);
int send_err(int,int,const char *);
int serv_listen(const char *);
int serv_accept(int, uid_t *);


int cli_conn(const char *);
int buf_args(char *, int (*func)(int, char **));


int ptym_open(char *, int);
int ptys_open(char *);
#ifdef TIOCGWINSZ
pid_t pty_fork(int *, char *, int, const struct termios *, const struct winsize *);
#endif


int lock_reg(int, int, int, off_t, int, off_t);
#define read_lock(fd,offset, whence, len) \
			lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
#define readw_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
			lock_reg((fd), F_SETLKW, F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
#define write_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
			lock_reg(fd, F_SETLK, F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
#define writew_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
			lock_reg((fd), F_SETLKW, F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
#define un_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
			lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_UNLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))


pid_t lock_test(int, int, off_t, int, off_t);


#define is_read_lockable(fd, offset, whence, len) \
			(lock_test((fd), F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len)) == 0)
#define is_write_lockable(fd, offset, whence, len) \
			(lock_test((fd), F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len)) == 0)


void err_dump(const char *, ...);
void err_msg(const char *, ...);
void err_quit(const char *, ...);
void err_exit(int, const char *, ...);
void err_ret(const char *, ...);
void err_sys(const char *, ...);


void log_msg(const char *, ...);
void log_open(const char *, int, int);
void log_quit(const char *, ...);
void log_ret(const char *, ...);
void log_sys(const char *, ...);


void TELL_WAIT(void); /* parent/child from Section 8.9 */
void TELL_PARENT(pid_t);
void TELL_CHILD(pid_t);
void WAIT_PARENT(void);
void WAIT_CHILD(void);


#endif

// 源码实现文件
----------------------------------------------------------apue.c-----------------------------------------------------------

/***************************************************
 *                                                 *
 *   @Author:liuyx                                 *
 *   Date: Thu Oct 17 12:02:29 CST 2013   *
 *   CopyRight: liuyx's company                    *
 *                                                 *
 *                                                 *
 *                                                 *
 **************************************************/
#include "apue.h" /* for definition of errno */
#include <errno.h> /* ISO C variable arguments */
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <syslog.h>

static void err_doit(int, int, const char *, va_list);
static void log_doit(int, int, const char *, va_list);


/* Nonfatal error related to a system call, print a message and return */
void err_ret(const char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list ap;

	va_start(ap, fmt);
	err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);
	va_end(ap);
}

/* Fatal error related to a system call. Print a message and terminate. */
void err_sys(const char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list ap;

	va_start(ap, fmt);
	err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);
	va_end(ap);
	exit(1);
}

/* Fatal error unrelated to a system call. Error code passed as explicit parameter
 * Print a message and terminate.
 */
void err_exit(int error, const char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list ap;

	va_start(ap, fmt);
	err_doit(1, error, fmt, ap);
	va_end(ap);
	exit(1);
}

/* Fatal error related to a system call. Print a message, dump core, and terminate */
void err_dump(const char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list ap;

	va_start(ap, fmt);
	err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);
	va_end(ap);
	abort(); /* dump core and terminate */
	exit(1); /* shouldn't get here */
}

/*  Nonfatal error unrelated to a system call. Print a message and return */
void err_msg(const char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list ap;

	va_start(ap, fmt);
	err_doit(0, 0, fmt, ap);
	va_end(ap);
}

/* Fatal error unrelated to a system call. Print a message and terminated */
void err_quit(const char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list ap;

	va_start(ap, fmt);
	err_doit(0, 0, fmt, ap);
	va_end(ap);
	exit(1);
}

/* Print a message and return to caller. Caller specifies "errnoflag" */
static void err_doit(int errnoflag, int error, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
{
	char buf[MAXLINE];

	vsnprintf(buf, MAXLINE, fmt, ap);
	if(errnoflag)
		snprintf(buf+strlen(buf), MAXLINE-strlen(buf), ": %s", strerror(error));
	strcat(buf, "\n");
	fflush(stdout); /* in case stdout and stderr are the same */
	fputs(buf, stderr);
	fflush(NULL); /* flushes all stdio output streams */
}

/* Caller must define and set this: nonzero if interactive, zero if daemon */
extern int log_to_stderr;

/* Initialize syslog(), if running as daemon */
void log_open(const char *ident, int option, int facility)
{
	if(log_to_stderr == 0)
		openlog(ident, option, facility);
}

/* Nonfatal error related to a system call. Print a message with the system's errno value and return */
void log_ret(const char *fmt, ...)
{
	 va_list ap;

	 va_start(ap, fmt);
	 log_doit(1, LOG_ERR, fmt, ap);
	 va_end(ap);
}

/* Fatal error related to a system call. Print a message and terminate. */
void log_sys(const char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list ap;

	va_start(ap, fmt);
	log_doit(1, LOG_ERR, fmt, ap);
	va_end(ap);
	exit(2);
}

/*  Nonfatal error unrelated to a system call. Print a message and return. */
void log_msg(const char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list ap;

	va_start(ap, fmt);
	log_doit(0, LOG_ERR, fmt, ap);
	va_end(ap);
}

/* Fatal error unrelated to a system call. Print a message and terminate */
void log_quit(const char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list ap;

	va_start(ap, fmt);
	log_doit(0, LOG_ERR, fmt, ap);
	va_end(ap);
	exit(2);
}

/* Print a message and return to caller. Caller specifies "errorflag" and "priority" */
static void log_doit(int errnoflag, int priority, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
{
	int errno_save;
	char buf[MAXLINE];

	errno_save = errno; /* value caller might want printed */
	vsnprintf(buf, MAXLINE, fmt, ap);
	if(errnoflag)
		snprintf(buf+strlen(buf), MAXLINE-strlen(buf), ": %s", strerror(errno_save));
	strcat(buf, "\n");
	if(log_to_stderr){
		fflush(stdout);
		fputs(buf,stderr);
		fflush(stderr);
	}else{
		syslog(priority,buf);
	}
}

将apue.c变成libapue.so，这样，引用头文件方便

gcc -c apue.c -fPIC -shared -o libapue.so

因为用vim开发，加载了c.vim,c.vim默认不会加载我们自己写的so文件，故，写了一个脚本，帮助一键运行：

# run the gcc file
def run
	size = ARGV.size
	if(size == 0)
		puts "please input the compile src file name"
		return
	end

    # the to be compiled src file name
	compile_src_name = ARGV[0]

    # link to the final executable file
	final_runable_file_name = get_name_off_type(compile_src_name)
	return if final_runable_file_name == nil

    # the shared library name
	so_name = LIB_NAME
	so_name = ARGV[1] if ARGV.size >= 2

	system("gcc #{compile_src_name} -o #{final_runable_file_name} -L. -l#{so_name}; ./#{final_runable_file_name}")



end

# get the name from the filename off its type
def get_name_off_type(file_name)
	return if file_name == nil
	if /(\w+)[.]\w+/ =~ file_name
		return "#$1"
	end
end
#=================================================================================================================

# the default link library's name
LIB_NAME="apue"
run

最后添加vim的map映射:

nmap \s :!ruby run.rb<CR>

以后开发完毕，只要按\s自动连接apue共享库，并运行程序