Java框架_SpringBoot整合Quartz

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最新推荐文章于 2025-06-14 18:03:44 发布

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分类专栏：后端开发 SpringBoot框架构建与详解文章标签： java springboot quartz

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/lxp18850413505/article/details/81026649

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本文介绍Quartz定时任务的使用方法及如何与Spring Boot项目进行整合。首先概述Quartz的基本概念及其组成部分，接着详细讲解了在普通Java项目中使用Quartz的具体步骤，包括创建Job、Trigger和Scheduler等关键对象。最后，深入探讨了如何在Spring Boot环境中配置Quartz，实现定时任务的自动化执行。

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一、Quartz的介绍以及Quartz的使用思路

Quartz是OpenSymphony开源组织在Job scheduling领域又一个开源项目，它可以与J2EE与J2SE应用程序相结合也可以单独使用。Quartz可以用来创建简单或为运行十个，百个，甚至是好几万个Jobs这样复杂的程序。Jobs可以做成标准的Java组件或 EJBs。

job - 任务 - 你要做什么事？
Trigger - 触发器 - 你什么时候去做？
Scheduler - 任务调度 - 你什么时候需要去做什么事？

二、Quartz的使用

1、首先要创建Job类

/**
 * 定义任务类
 */
public class QuartzDemo implements Job {
	/**
	 * 任务被触发时所执行的方法
	 */
	public void execute(JobExecutionContext arg0) throws JobExecutionException {
		System.out.println("Execute...."+new Date());
	}
}

2、编写测试代码

public class QuartzMain {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		// 1.创建Job对象：你要做什么事？
		JobDetail job = JobBuilder.newJob(QuartzDemo.class).build();
		/**
		 * 简单的trigger触发时间：通过Quartz提供一个方法来完成简单的重复调用 cron
		 * Trigger：按照Cron的表达式来给定触发的时间
		 */
		// 2.创建Trigger对象：在什么时间做？
		Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/2 * * * * ?"))
				.build();

		// 3.创建Scheduler对象：在什么时间做什么事？
		Scheduler scheduler = StdSchedulerFactory.getDefaultScheduler();
		scheduler.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
		
		//启动
		scheduler.start();
	}

}

三、springBoot 整合 QuartZ

1、修改pom.xml文件

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.lxp</groupId>
	<artifactId>framework</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	
	<!-- Inherit defaults from Spring Boot -->
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.5.10.RELEASE</version>
	</parent>
	
	<properties>
		<java.version>1.7</java.version>
		<thymeleaf.version>3.0.2.RELEASE</thymeleaf.version>
		<thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>2.0.4</thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>
	</properties>
	
	<!-- Add typical dependencies for a web application -->
	<dependencies>
	
		<!-- Web 启动器  -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        
        <!-- Junit测试  -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        
        <!-- thymeleaf -->
        <dependency>
	        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
	    </dependency>
		  
	    <!-- mybatis -->
        <dependency>
	        <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.0</version>
	    </dependency>
	    
	    <!-- mysql数据库驱动 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	    
	    <!-- druid 数据连接池 -->
        <dependency>
	        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.9</version>
	    </dependency>
    
    	<!-- spring data JPA  -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		
		<!-- Spring Boot缓存支持启动器 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cache</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<!-- Ehcache -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId>
			<artifactId>ehcache</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	    
	    <!-- Quartz -->
	    <dependency>
			<groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
			<artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
			<version>2.2.1</version>
			<exclusions>
				<exclusion>
					<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
					<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
				</exclusion>
			</exclusions>
		</dependency>

		<!-- Scheduled -->
		<dependency>
	        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
	        <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
	    </dependency>
	    
	    <!--  spring tx -->
	    <dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	    

    </dependencies>
	<modules>
		<module>?</module>
	</modules>
</project>

2、编写Quartz的启动类

/**
 * Quartz配置类
 */
@Configuration
public class QuartzConfig {

	
	/**
	 * 1.创建Job对象
	 */
	@Bean
	public JobDetailFactoryBean jobDetailFactoryBean(){
		JobDetailFactoryBean factory = new JobDetailFactoryBean();
		//关联我们自己的Job类
		factory.setJobClass(QuartzDemo.class);
		return factory;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 2.创建Trigger对象
	 * 简单的Trigger
	 */
	@Bean
	public SimpleTriggerFactoryBean simpleTriggerFactoryBean(JobDetailFactoryBean jobDetailFactoryBean){
		SimpleTriggerFactoryBean factory = new SimpleTriggerFactoryBean();
		//关联JobDetail对象
		factory.setJobDetail(jobDetailFactoryBean.getObject());
		//该参数表示一个执行的毫秒数
		factory.setRepeatInterval(2000);
		//重复次数
		factory.setRepeatCount(5);
		return factory;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 3.创建Scheduler对象
	 */
	@Bean
	public SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean(SimpleTriggerFactoryBean simpleTriggerFactoryBean){
		SchedulerFactoryBean factory = new SchedulerFactoryBean();
		//关联trigger
		factory.setTriggers(simpleTriggerFactoryBean.getObject());
		
		return factory;
	}
}

3、修改启动类

/**
 * 
 *spring Boot 整合Quartz案例
 *
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableScheduling
public class App {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
	}
}

四、Job类中注入对象

使用@Autowired时异常

@Autowired
	private SysUsersService sysUsersService;

1、编写一个MyAdaptableJobFactory解决该问题

@Component("myAdaptableJobFactory")
public class MyAdaptableJobFactory extends AdaptableJobFactory {

	//AutowireCapableBeanFactory 可以将一个对象添加到SpringIOC容器中，并且完成该对象注入
	@Autowired
	private AutowireCapableBeanFactory autowireCapableBeanFactory;
	
	/**
	 * 该方法需要将实例化的任务对象手动的添加到springIOC容器中并且完成对象的注入
	 */
	@Override
	protected Object createJobInstance(TriggerFiredBundle bundle) throws Exception {
		Object obj = super.createJobInstance(bundle);
		//将obj对象添加Spring IOC容器中，并完成注入
		this.autowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireBean(obj);
		return obj;
	}

}

2、修改QuartzConfig类

/**
 * Quartz配置类
 *
 *
 */
@Configuration
public class QuartzConfig {

	
	/**
	 * 1.创建Job对象
	 */
	@Bean
	public JobDetailFactoryBean jobDetailFactoryBean(){
		JobDetailFactoryBean factory = new JobDetailFactoryBean();
		//关联我们自己的Job类
		factory.setJobClass(QuartzDemo.class);
		return factory;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 2.创建Trigger对象
	 * 简单的Trigger
	 */
	/*@Bean
	public SimpleTriggerFactoryBean simpleTriggerFactoryBean(JobDetailFactoryBean jobDetailFactoryBean){
		SimpleTriggerFactoryBean factory = new SimpleTriggerFactoryBean();
		//关联JobDetail对象
		factory.setJobDetail(jobDetailFactoryBean.getObject());
		//该参数表示一个执行的毫秒数
		factory.setRepeatInterval(2000);
		//重复次数
		factory.setRepeatCount(5);
		return factory;
	}*/
	
	/**
	 * Cron Trigger
	 */
	@Bean
	public CronTriggerFactoryBean cronTriggerFactoryBean(JobDetailFactoryBean jobDetailFactoryBean){
		CronTriggerFactoryBean factory = new CronTriggerFactoryBean();
		factory.setJobDetail(jobDetailFactoryBean.getObject());
		//设置触发时间
		factory.setCronExpression("0/2 * * * * ?");
		return factory;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 3.创建Scheduler对象
	 */
	@Bean
	public SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean(CronTriggerFactoryBean cronTriggerFactoryBean,MyAdaptableJobFactory myAdaptableJobFactory){
		SchedulerFactoryBean factory = new SchedulerFactoryBean();
		//关联trigger
		factory.setTriggers(cronTriggerFactoryBean.getObject());
		factory.setJobFactory(myAdaptableJobFactory);
		return factory;
	}
}