手工创建Oracle数据库

手工创建Oracle数据库:

首先运行xmanager Passive
oracle用户执行:  export DISPLAY=192.168.18.3:0.0

dbca删除数据库

#开始手动建库
思路:
    我们通过实例去访问Oracle数据库,首先需要启动实例到nomount.这个过程需要参数文件.所以我们首先构造一下pfile.

第一步构造pfile
安装好数据库软件后,在$ORACLE_HOEM/dbs 下面会有一个init.ora的文件,利用下面命令创建你的pfile.

[oracle@oracle dbs]$ more init.ora |grep -v ^#| grep -v ^$ > initLFN.ora
[oracle@oracle dbs]$ more initLFN.ora
db_name='ORCL'
memory_target=1G
processes = 150
audit_file_dest='<ORACLE_BASE>/admin/orcl/adump'
audit_trail ='db'
db_block_size=8192
db_domain=''
db_recovery_file_dest='<ORACLE_BASE>/flash_recovery_area'
db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G
diagnostic_dest='<ORACLE_BASE>'
dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ORCLXDB)'
open_cursors=300 
remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
control_files = (ora_control1, ora_control2)
compatible ='11.2.0'

替换相应的参数 db_name <ORACLE_BASE> <ORACLE_HOME> 控制文件名称
在vi模式下有技巧完成以上替换.进入末行模式  
%s/db_name/LFN   %s#<ORACLE_BASE>#/u01/app/oracle#g
细心检查每个参数. undo_tablespace name 和控制文件是区分01 02的.

[oracle@oracle dbs]$ vi initLFN.ora
db_name='LFN'
memory_target=1G
processes = 150
audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/LFN/adump'
audit_trail ='db'
db_block_size=8192
db_domain=''
db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G
diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=LFNXDB)'
open_cursors=300
remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
control_files = ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LFN/ora_control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LFN/ora_control02.ctl')
compatible ='11.2.0'

第二步:编辑环境变量


vi .bash_profile

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=LFN
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

. .bash_profile

进入sqlplus sqlplus 是在操作系统层面访问数据库.需要在环境变量中设置ORACLE_SID=LFN
 

create spfile from pfile;
startup nomount;

准备create database 语句

CREATE DATABASE LFN
   USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracle
   USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY oracle
   LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LFN/redo01a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LFN/redo01b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
           GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LFN/redo02a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LFN/redo02b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
           GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LFN/redo03a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LFN/redo03b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512
   MAXLOGFILES 5
   MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
   MAXLOGHISTORY 1
   MAXDATAFILES 100
   CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
   NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
   EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
   DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LFN/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
   SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LFN/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
   DEFAULT TABLESPACE users
      DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LFN/users01.dbf'
      SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
   DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1
      TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LFN/temp01.dbf'
      SIZE 20M REUSE
   UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1
      DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LFN/undotbs01.dbf'
      SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;


建库完成后需要在修饰一下:
执行两个脚本 @?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
             @?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql

SYS@LFN>select * from v$version;

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.3.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

SYS@LFN>