11):题目:判断101-200之间有多少个素数,并输出所有素数。
程序分析:判断素数的方法:用一个数分别去除2到sqrt(这个数),如果能被整除,则表明此数不是素数,反之是素数。
程序源代码:
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- h = 0 leap = 1 from math import sqrt from sys import stdout for m in range(101,201): k = int(sqrt(m + 1)) for i in range(2,k + 1): if m % i == 0: leap = 0 break if leap == 1: print '%-4d' % m h += 1 if h % 10 == 0: print '' leap = 1 print 'The total is %d' % h
以上实例输出结果为:
101 103 107 109 113 127 131 137 139 149 151 157 163 167 173 179 181 191 193 197 199 The total is 21
使用集合解法:
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- l = [] for i in range(101,200): for j in range(2,i-1): if i%j ==0: break else: l.append(i) print(l) print("总数为:%d" % len(l))
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-# from math import sqrt count=0 pn=1 for i in range(101,201): k=int(sqrt(i)) for j in range(2,k+1): if i%j==0: pn=0 break if pn==1: count+=1 print i pn=1 print "total number is %d"%count
Python3 测试实例:
#!/usr/bin/python3 list1 = [] list2 = [] for x in range(2, 101): for i in range(2, x+1): sum = x * i if (sum < 200) & (sum > 101): list1.append(sum) for m in range(101, 200): list2.append(m) list3 = list(set(list2) ^ set(list1)) print(list1, '\n') print(list3) print("总数为:", len(list3))
判断素数的方式我选用了排除法,采用切片复制原有列表,逐一排除非素数,则剩余的列表中元素皆为素数:
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- import math m=range(101,201) p=m[:] for i in range(101,201): for j in range(2,int(math.sqrt(i)+1)): if i % j == 0: p.remove(i) break print(p) print("101至200之间的素数一共有%d个"%len(p))
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- import math def sushu(): result = [] for i in range(101,201): flag = True for j in range(2,int(math.sqrt(i))+1): if i % j == 0: flag = False continue if flag == True: result.append(i) print result sushu()
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- from math import sqrt l=[] for x in range(101,201): l.append(x) for i in range(2,int(sqrt(x))+1): if x%i==0: l.pop() break n=len(l) print l print '总数为:',n
python3 测试实例:去除除2以外的偶数 提高效率:
#!/usr/bin/env python3 import math def sushu(start,end): count=0 for i in range(start,end+1): if(i%2==0 and i!=2): #去除除2以外的偶数 continue for j in range(2,int(math.sqrt(i))+1): if(i%j==0): break else: count=count+1 print(i,end=" ") print("") print("count",count) return #start=int(input("start:\n")) #end=int(input("end:\n")) #sushu(start,end) sushu(101,200)
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- def a(n): L = [] for i in range(2,n-1): L.append(n%i) if 0 not in L: return True print filter(a,range(101,200))
Python3 测试:检查 y 能否被 2 到 y**0.5 之间的整数整除,如果能则 break,如果不能,将该数加入列表并 break:
#!/usr/bin/python3 def prim(m, n): arr = [] for x in range(m, n + 1): for y in range(2, int(x ** 0.5)): if (x / y) == int(x / y): break else: arr.append(x) break return arr print(prim(101, 200))
迭代器:
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- def prime(): n = 2 while 1: for i in range(2, n+1): if n%i: continue else: if i==n : yield n else: break n+=1 L = [] for i in prime(): if 101<=i<=200: L.append(i) if i>=200: break print('一共有{}个素数,这些素数分别是:{}'.format(len(L),L))
运行结果为:
一共有21个素数,这些素数分别是:[101, 103, 107, 109, 113, 127, 131, 137, 139, 149, 151, 157, 163, 167, 173, 179, 181, 191, 193, 197, 199]
生成器一行搞定:
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- L = list(filter(lambda x: x not in set([i for i in range(101,201) for j in range(2,i) if not i%j]), range(101,201))) print('一共有{}个素数,这些素数分别是:{}'.format(len(L),L))好啦,到这里本次分享就结束了。如果感觉不错的话,请多多点赞支持哦。。。