CMake Tutorial4_1 安装目标

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本文介绍如何使用CMake的install命令来安装项目的目标文件至指定目录。通过实例演示了配置文件的使用，以及如何通过构建系统将库文件和头文件安装到特定的位置。

add_library(MathFunctions mysqrt.cc)

# state that anybody linking to MathFunctions needs to include the current source directory,
# while MathFunctions itself doesn't
# 即链接方不需处理包含MathFunctions源文件目录
target_include_directories(MathFunctions
          INTERFACE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
          )

# ---add 
install(TARGETS MathFunctions DESTINATION lib)
install(FILES MathFunctions.h DESTINATION include)

修改CMakeLists.txt

# 设置CMake最低版本
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.16)

# 设置项目名称及版本
project(Tutorial VERSION 1.0)

# 生成可执行文件
add_executable(Tutorial main.cc)

# 设置选项
option(USE_MYMATH "use Turotial math" ON)

# 配置文件：拷贝文件到另一位置，并且修改其内容
configure_file(TutorialConfig.h.in TutorialConfig.h)

if(USE_MYMATH)
  add_subdirectory(MathFunctions)
  list(APPEND extra_libs MathFunctions)
endif()

target_link_libraries(Tutorial PUBLIC ${extra_libs})

# 打印信息
message("PROJECT_BINARY_DIR=${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}")

# 增加include路径到目标，否则会无法include生成的TutorialConfig.h
target_include_directories(Tutorial PUBLIC "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}")

# ---add 
install(TARGETS Tutorial DESTINATION bin)
install(FILES "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/TutorialConfig.h" DESTINATION include)

二构建及安装

lee@leedeMacBook-Pro cmake_tutorial % cd step4_1 
lee@leedeMacBook-Pro step4_1 % ls
CMakeLists.txt		TutorialConfig.h.in	main.cc
MathFunctions		build
lee@leedeMacBook-Pro step4_1 % cd build
lee@leedeMacBook-Pro build % cmake ..
-- The C compiler identification is AppleClang 12.0.0.12000032
-- The CXX compiler identification is AppleClang 12.0.0.12000032
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working C compiler: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/cc - skipped
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/c++ - skipped
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
PROJECT_BINARY_DIR=/Users/lee/research/cmake_learn/cmake_tutorial/step4_1/build
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /Users/lee/research/cmake_learn/cmake_tutorial/step4_1/build
lee@leedeMacBook-Pro build % cmake --build .
[ 25%] Building CXX object MathFunctions/CMakeFiles/MathFunctions.dir/mysqrt.cc.o
[ 50%] Linking CXX static library libMathFunctions.a
[ 50%] Built target MathFunctions
[ 75%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/Tutorial.dir/main.cc.o
[100%] Linking CXX executable Tutorial
[100%] Built target Tutorial
lee@leedeMacBook-Pro build % cmake --install .
-- Install configuration: ""
-- Installing: /usr/local/lib/libMathFunctions.a
-- Installing: /usr/local/include/MathFunctions.h
-- Installing: /usr/local/bin/Tutorial
-- Installing: /usr/local/include/TutorialConfig.h
lee@leedeMacBook-Pro build % cmake --install . --prefix ../install
-- Install configuration: ""
-- Installing: /Users/lee/research/cmake_learn/cmake_tutorial/step4_1/build/../install/lib/libMathFunctions.a
-- Installing: /Users/lee/research/cmake_learn/cmake_tutorial/step4_1/build/../install/include/MathFunctions.h
-- Installing: /Users/lee/research/cmake_learn/cmake_tutorial/step4_1/build/../install/bin/Tutorial
-- Installing: /Users/lee/research/cmake_learn/cmake_tutorial/step4_1/build/../install/include/TutorialConfig.h

如上，使用 cmake --install . 默认安装到了/usr/local 目录下
也可以通过 --prefix 指定目录，例如 cmake --install . --prefix …/install

此时文件目录

step4_1
|- MathFunctions
  |- CMakeLists.txt
  |- MathFunctions.h
  |- mysqrt.cc
|- CMakeaLists.txt
|- main.cc 
|- TutorialConfig.h.in
|- install
  |- include
    |- MathFunctions.h
    |- TutorialConfig.h
  |- lib
    |- libMathFunctions.a
  |- bin
    |- Tutorial