YUV格式详解与应用-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/luansxx/article/details/16367989

其中第二章下的 YUV Formats

http://linuxtv.org/downloads/v4l-dvb-apis/yuv-formats.html

YUV Formats

Packed YUV formats — Packed YUV formats V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY ('GREY') — Grey-scale image V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y10 ('Y10 ') — Grey-scale image V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y12 ('Y12 ') — Grey-scale image V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y10BPACK ('Y10B') — Grey-scale image as a bit-packed array V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16 ('Y16 ') — Grey-scale image V4L2_PIX_FMT_UV8 ('UV8') — UV plane interleaved V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV ('YUYV') — Packed format with ½ horizontal chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:2 V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY ('UYVY') — Variation ofV4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV with different order of samples in memory V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVYU ('YVYU') — Variation ofV4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV with different order of samples in memory V4L2_PIX_FMT_VYUY ('VYUY') — Variation ofV4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV with different order of samples in memory V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P ('Y41P') — Format with ¼ horizontal chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:1:1 V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420 ('YV12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420 ('YU12') — Planar formats with ½ horizontal and vertical chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:0 V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420M ('YM12') — Variation of V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420 with planes non contiguous in memory. V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420M ('YM21') — Variation of V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420 with planes non contiguous in memory. V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU410 ('YVU9'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV410 ('YUV9') — Planar formats with ¼ horizontal and vertical chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:1:0 V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422P ('422P') — Format with ½ horizontal chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:2. Planar layout as opposed toV4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV411P ('411P') — Format with ¼ horizontal chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:1:1. Planar layout as opposed toV4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12 ('NV12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21 ('NV21') — Formats with ½ horizontal and vertical chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:0. One luminance and one chrominance plane with alternating chroma samples as opposed toV4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420 V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12M ('NM12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21M ('NM21'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12MT_16X16 — Variation of V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12 and V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21 with planes non contiguous in memory. V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12MT ('TM12') — Formats with ½ horizontal and vertical chroma resolution. This format has two planes - one for luminance and one for chrominance. Chroma samples are interleaved. The difference toV4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12 is the memory layout. Pixels are grouped in macroblocks of 64x32 size. The order of macroblocks in memory is also not standard. V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16 ('NV16'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61 ('NV61') — Formats with ½ horizontal chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:2. One luminance and one chrominance plane with alternating chroma samples as opposed toV4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420 V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16M ('NM16'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61M ('NM61') — Variation of V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16 and V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61 with planes non contiguous in memory. V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV24 ('NV24'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV42 ('NV42') — Formats with full horizontal and vertical chroma resolutions, also known as YUV 4:4:4. One luminance and one chrominance plane with alternating chroma samples as opposed toV4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420 V4L2_PIX_FMT_M420 ('M420') — Format with ½ horizontal and vertical chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:0. Hybrid plane line-interleaved layout.

YUV is the format native to TV broadcast and composite video signals. It separates the brightness information (Y) from the color information (U and V or Cb and Cr). The color information consists of red and blue color difference signals, this way the green component can be reconstructed by subtracting from the brightness component. See the section called “Colorspaces” for conversion examples. YUV was chosen because early television would only transmit brightness information. To add color in a way compatible with existing receivers a new signal carrier was added to transmit the color difference signals. Secondary in the YUV format the U and V components usually have lower resolution than the Y component. This is an analog video compression technique taking advantage of a property of the human visual system, being more sensitive to brightness information.