配置MySQL/MariaDB的默认字符集

无论是使用XAMPP类似集成环境或是手工安装的MySQL/MariaDB默认字符集都是lartin1,后续调用的时候每次都要进行转码很麻烦,记录一下通过修改配置文件修改数据库的默认编码:
Linux下修改文件/etc/my.cnf ,windows下修改my.ini,内容一样的

[client] 
# password       = your_password 
port            = 3306 
socket          = "D:/xampp/mysql/mysql.sock"
#修改默认编码为UTF-8
default-character-set=utf8


[mysqld]
port= 3306
socket = "D:/xampp/mysql/mysql.sock"
basedir = "D:/xampp/mysql" 
tmpdir = "D:/xampp/tmp" 
datadir = "D:/xampp/mysql/data"
pid_file = "mysql.pid"
# enable-named-pipe
key_buffer = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
log_error = "mysql_error.log"


#修改默认编码为UTF-8
init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci' 
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' 
character-set-server=utf8 
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci 
skip-character-set-client-handshake

Linux下还需要修改以下内容:
文件/etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf 


在[client]中添加 
default-character-set=utf8


文件/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf
在[mysql]中添加


 default-character-set=utf8


 全部配置完成，重启mariadb
 systemctl restart mariadb
 之后进入MariaDB查看字符集


mysql> show variables like "%character%";show variables like "%collation%";


显示为 


+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client    | utf8                      |
| character_set_connection | utf8                      |
| character_set_database  | utf8                      |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                    |
| character_set_results    | utf8                      |
| character_set_server    | utf8                      |
| character_set_system    | utf8                      |
| character_sets_dir      | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name        | Value          |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_unicode_ci |
| collation_database  | utf8_unicode_ci |
| collation_server    | utf8_unicode_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
字符集配置完成。