opencv2.2.0源代码（include文件）分析（1）

本文详细分析了OpenCV2.2.0源代码中的highgui目录下的highgui_c.h和highgui.cpp文件，着重介绍了基本GUI函数、视频接口和过时函数库的功能及实现，旨在帮助开发者更好地理解OpenCV2.2.0的整体结构和GUI操作。

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原文地址：opencv2.2.0源代码（include文件）分析（1） 作者：永顿007

由于openCV2.2.0源文件很庞大，这里我只分析openCV2.2.0文件组织结构的各个模块的include文件（重点分析各个模块下引用的算法和实现的功能），而不是src文件。这里分析各个模块有助于更好的从整体把握和理解openCV2.2.0。这里只是自己做草稿部分，便于以后修改查找。有理解不对的，希望大家指出。--疯子_007

首先分析的是highgui目录下的highgui_c.h和highgui.cpp文件：

highgui_c.h分三部分：基本的GUI函数库，视频接口，和过时的函数库。基本的GUI函数库包括：创建窗体，设置窗体属性，获取窗体属性，在窗体内显示图片，改变窗体大小，移动窗体，销毁窗体（包括销毁所有窗体）；获取给定句柄的窗体名，创建和显示滚动条，恢复和设置滚动条位置；鼠标回调事件，设置鼠标事件回调，枚举鼠标类型；载入图片，保存图片，改变图片结构；按键等待。视频接口包括：定义摄像头结构，通过视频文件获取帧，从摄像头获取视频文件，帧处理的特殊函数（cvRetrieveFrame），抓取帧，释放视频文件；恢复或者设置摄像头属性，返回摄像头类型；定义写视频指针结构体，四色编码，打开编码属性对话框，初始化写视频指针，将帧流写入写视频指针，释放写视频指针。过时的函数库。将一些功能相同的函数，重新命名，保持旧代码的连接性。

highgui.cpp在CV命名空间枚举相应的一些函数和定义了VideoCapture，VideoWriter类，采用面向对象的思想进行编程，更容易理解和整体把握。

详细分析如下：

/highgui/include/opencv2/highgui/highgui_c.h

基本GUI函数：

支持QT模块一些函数（省略）

创建窗体：CVAPI(int) cvNamedWindow( const char* name, int flags CV_DEFAULT(CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE) );

设置窗体属性：CVAPI(void) cvSetWindowProperty(const char* name, int prop_id, double prop_value);

获取窗体属性：cvGetWindowProperty(const char* name, int prop_id);

在窗体内显示图片：CVAPI(void) cvShowImage( const char* name, const CvArr* image );

改变窗体大小：CVAPI(void) cvResizeWindow( const char* name, int width, int height );

移动窗体大小：CVAPI(void) cvMoveWindow( const char* name, int x, int y );

销毁窗体（包括连接窗体的滚动条）：CVAPI(void) cvDestroyWindow( const char* name );

销毁所有窗体：CVAPI(void) cvDestroyAllWindows(void);

获取该窗体句柄（命令行形式获取HWWD，图形窗口形式获取widget）：CVAPI(void*) cvGetWindowHandle( const char* name );

获取给定句柄的窗体名：CVAPI(const char*) cvGetWindowName( void* window_handle );

位置回调定义1：

typedef void (CV_CDECL *CvTrackbarCallback)(int pos);

在给定的窗体创建和显示滚动条1：

CVAPI(int) cvCreateTrackbar( const char* trackbar_name, const char* window_name, int* value, int count, CvTrackbarCallback on_change CV_DEFAULT(NULL));

位置回调定义2：

typedef void (CV_CDECL *CvTrackbarCallback2)(int pos, void* userdata);

在给定的窗体创建和显示滚动条2：

CVAPI(int) cvCreateTrackbar2( const char* trackbar_name, const char* window_name,int* value, int count, CvTrackbarCallback2 on_change, void* userdata CV_DEFAULT(0));

恢复或者设置滚动条位置：CVAPI(int) cvGetTrackbarPos( const char* trackbar_name, const char* window_name );

CVAPI(void) cvSetTrackbarPos( const char* trackbar_name, const char* window_name, int pos );

枚举鼠标事件

enum

{

CV_EVENT_MOUSEMOVE =0,// 鼠标移动

CV_EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN =1,// 鼠标左击

CV_EVENT_RBUTTONDOWN =2,// 鼠标右击

CV_EVENT_MBUTTONDOWN =3,// 鼠标中键单价

CV_EVENT_LBUTTONUP =4,//

CV_EVENT_RBUTTONUP =5,//

CV_EVENT_MBUTTONUP =6,//

CV_EVENT_LBUTTONDBLCLK =7,// 鼠标左键双击

CV_EVENT_RBUTTONDBLCLK =8,// 鼠标右键双击

CV_EVENT_MBUTTONDBLCLK =9 // 鼠标中键双击

};

enum

{

CV_EVENT_FLAG_LBUTTON =1,

CV_EVENT_FLAG_RBUTTON =2,

CV_EVENT_FLAG_MBUTTON =4,

CV_EVENT_FLAG_CTRLKEY =8,

CV_EVENT_FLAG_SHIFTKEY =16,

CV_EVENT_FLAG_ALTKEY =32

};

鼠标回调事件定义

typedef void (CV_CDECL *CvMouseCallback )(int event, int x, int y, int flags, void* param);

设置鼠标事件回调：CVAPI(void) cvSetMouseCallback( const char* window_name, CvMouseCallback on_mouse, void* param CV_DEFAULT(NULL));

enum

{

CV_LOAD_IMAGE_UNCHANGED =-1,

CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE =0,

CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR =1,

CV_LOAD_IMAGE_ANYDEPTH =2,

CV_LOAD_IMAGE_ANYCOLOR =4

};

从文件中调入图片（iscolor 默认参数是CV_LOAD_IMAGE_UNCHANGED）：

CVAPI(IplImage*) cvLoadImage( const char* filename, int iscolor CV_DEFAULT(CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR));

CVAPI(CvMat*) cvLoadImageM( const char* filename, int iscolor CV_DEFAULT(CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR));

enum

{

CV_IMWRITE_JPEG_QUALITY =1,

CV_IMWRITE_PNG_COMPRESSION =16,

CV_IMWRITE_PXM_BINARY =32

};

保存图片：

CVAPI(int) cvSaveImage( const char* filename, const CvArr* image,const int* params CV_DEFAULT(0) );

对存储在缓冲中的图进行解码：CVAPI(IplImage*) cvDecodeImage( const CvMat* buf, int iscolor CV_DEFAULT(CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR));

CVAPI(CvMat*) cvDecodeImageM( const CvMat* buf, int iscolor CV_DEFAULT(CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR));

对图像进行编码，并将结果保存到单通道的8UC1矩阵中：CVAPI(CvMat*) cvEncodeImage( const char* ext, const CvArr* image, const int* params CV_DEFAULT(0) );

enum

{

CV_CVTIMG_FLIP =1,

CV_CVTIMG_SWAP_RB =2

};

改变图像结构：CVAPI(void) cvConvertImage( const CvArr* src, CvArr* dst, int flags CV_DEFAULT(0));

按键等待：CVAPI(int) cvWaitKey(int delay CV_DEFAULT(0));

视频文件和摄像头接口

定义摄像头结构体：typedef struct CvCapture CvCapture;

通过视频文件获取帧：CVAPI(CvCapture*) cvCreateFileCapture( const char* filename );

enum

{

CV_CAP_ANY =0, // autodetect

CV_CAP_MIL =100, // MIL proprietary drivers

CV_CAP_VFW =200, // platform native

CV_CAP_V4L =200,

CV_CAP_V4L2 =200,

CV_CAP_FIREWARE =300, // IEEE 1394 drivers

CV_CAP_FIREWIRE =300,

CV_CAP_IEEE1394 =300,

CV_CAP_DC1394 =300,

CV_CAP_CMU1394 =300,

CV_CAP_STEREO =400, // TYZX proprietary drivers

CV_CAP_TYZX =400,

CV_TYZX_LEFT =400,

CV_TYZX_RIGHT =401,

CV_TYZX_COLOR =402,

CV_TYZX_Z =403,

CV_CAP_QT =500, // QuickTime

CV_CAP_UNICAP =600, // Unicap drivers

CV_CAP_DSHOW =700, // DirectShow (via videoInput)

CV_CAP_PVAPI =800 // PvAPI, Prosilica GigE SDK

};

从摄像头获取视频文件：（index为camera_index + domain_offset(CV_CAP_*)）

CVAPI(CvCapture*) cvCreateCameraCapture( int index );

抓取帧，成功返回1，否则为0：CVAPI(int) cvGrabFrame( CvCapture* capture );

得到cvGrabFrame获取的帧，此函数应用在一些帧处理，比如帧减压，旋转：（千万不要释放或者修改返回帧）CVAPI(IplImage*) cvRetrieveFrame( CvCapture* capture, int streamIdx CV_DEFAULT(0) );

连接cvGrabFrame和cvRetrieveFrame函数：（千万不要释放或者修改返回帧） CVAPI(IplImage*) cvQueryFrame( CvCapture* capture );

释放获取或者读取的视频文件，释放资源：CVAPI(void) cvReleaseCapture( CvCapture** capture );

enum

{

CV_CAP_PROP_POS_MSEC =0,

CV_CAP_PROP_POS_FRAMES =1,

CV_CAP_PROP_POS_AVI_RATIO =2,

CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH =3,

CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT =4,

CV_CAP_PROP_FPS =5,

CV_CAP_PROP_FOURCC =6,

CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT =7,

CV_CAP_PROP_FORMAT =8,

CV_CAP_PROP_MODE =9,

CV_CAP_PROP_BRIGHTNESS =10,

CV_CAP_PROP_CONTRAST =11,

CV_CAP_PROP_SATURATION =12,

CV_CAP_PROP_HUE =13,

CV_CAP_PROP_GAIN =14,

CV_CAP_PROP_EXPOSURE =15,

CV_CAP_PROP_CONVERT_RGB =16,

CV_CAP_PROP_WHITE_BALANCE =17,

CV_CAP_PROP_RECTIFICATION =18,

CV_CAP_PROP_MONOCROME =19

};

恢复或者设置摄像头属性：CVAPI(double) cvGetCaptureProperty( CvCapture* capture, int property_id );

CVAPI(int) cvSetCaptureProperty( CvCapture* capture, int property_id, double value );

返回摄像头类型：CVAPI(int) cvGetCaptureDomain( CvCapture* capture);

定义写视频指针结构体：typedef struct CvVideoWriter CvVideoWriter;

对四色进行编码：CV_INLINE int CV_FOURCC(char c1, char c2, char c3, char c4)

{

return (c1 & 255) + ((c2 & 255) << 8) + ((c3 &255) << 16) + ((c4 & 255) << 24);

}

打开编码选项对话框（windows下）

#define CV_FOURCC_PROMPT -1

默认编码方式（linux下）

#define CV_FOURCC_DEFAULT CV_FOURCC('I', 'Y', 'U', 'V')

初始化写视频指针：CVAPI(CvVideoWriter*) cvCreateVideoWriter( const char* filename, int fourcc,double fps, CvSize frame_size,

int is_color CV_DEFAULT(1));

将帧写到视频指针中：CVAPI(int) cvWriteFrame( CvVideoWriter* writer, const IplImage* image );

释放写视频指针：CVAPI(void) cvReleaseVideoWriter( CvVideoWriter** writer );

过时的函数或同意不同名的函数

#define cvCaptureFromFile cvCreateFileCapture //从视频文件读取视频

#define cvCaptureFromCAM cvCreateCameraCapture//从摄像头读取视频

#define cvCaptureFromAVI cvCaptureFromFile//

#define cvCreateAVIWriter cvCreateVideoWriter//创建写视频指针

#define cvWriteToAVI cvWriteFrame//写入写视频指针

#define cvAddSearchPath(path)//增加路径

#define cvvInitSystem cvInitSystem//

#define cvvNamedWindow cvNamedWindow//创建窗体

#define cvvShowImage cvShowImage//在窗体内显示图片

#define cvvResizeWindow cvResizeWindow//设置窗体大小

#define cvvDestroyWindow cvDestroyWindow//销毁窗体

#define cvvCreateTrackbar cvCreateTrackbar//创建滚动条

#define cvvLoadImage(name) cvLoadImage((name),1)//载入图片

#define cvvSaveImage cvSaveImage//保存图片

#define cvvAddSearchPath cvAddSearchPath//增加路径

#define cvvWaitKey(name) cvWaitKey(0)//按键等待

#define cvvWaitKeyEx(name,delay) cvWaitKey(delay)//按键等待

#define cvvConvertImage cvConvertImage//图片结构改变

#define HG_AUTOSIZE CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE//

#define set_preprocess_func cvSetPreprocessFuncWin32//

#define set_postprocess_func cvSetPostprocessFuncWin32//

/highgui/include/opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp

此C++头文件，引入：

struct CvCapture;

struct CvVideoWriter;

在CV命名空间枚举相应的一些函数和定义了VideoCapture，VideoWriter类，采用面向对象的思想进行编程，更容易理解和整体把握。详细的代码如下：

namespace cv

{

enum { WINDOW_AUTOSIZE=1 };

CV_EXPORTS_W void namedWindow( const string& winname, int flags CV_DEFAULT(WINDOW_AUTOSIZE) );

CV_EXPORTS_W void destroyWindow( const string& winname );

CV_EXPORTS_W int startWindowThread();

CV_EXPORTS_W void setWindowProperty(const string& winname, int prop_id, double prop_value);//YV

CV_EXPORTS_W double getWindowProperty(const string& winname, int prop_id);//YV

//Only for Qt

//------------------------

CV_EXPORTS CvFont fontQt(const string& nameFont, int pointSize CV_DEFAULT(-1), Scalar color CV_DEFAULT(Scalar::all(0)), int weight CV_DEFAULT(CV_FONT_NORMAL), int style CV_DEFAULT(CV_STYLE_NORMAL), int spacing CV_DEFAULT(0));

CV_EXPORTS void addText( const Mat& img, const string& text, Point org, CvFont font);

CV_EXPORTS void displayOverlay(const string& winname, const string& text, int delayms);

CV_EXPORTS void displayStatusBar(const string& winname, const string& text, int delayms);

typedef void (CV_CDECL *OpenGLCallback)(void* userdata);

CV_EXPORTS void createOpenGLCallback(const string& winname, CvOpenGLCallback callbackOpenGL, void* userdata CV_DEFAULT(0));

CV_EXPORTS void saveWindowParameters(const string& windowName);

CV_EXPORTS void loadWindowParameters(const string& windowName);

CV_EXPORTS int startLoop(int (*pt2Func)(int argc, char *argv[]), int argc, char* argv[]);

CV_EXPORTS void stopLoop();

typedef void (CV_CDECL *ButtonCallback)(int state, void* userdata);

CV_EXPORTS int createButton( const string& bar_name, ButtonCallback on_change , void* userdata CV_DEFAULT(NULL), int type CV_DEFAULT(CV_PUSH_BUTTON), bool initial_button_state CV_DEFAULT(0));

//-------------------------

CV_EXPORTS_W void imshow( const string& winname, const Mat& mat );

typedef void (CV_CDECL *TrackbarCallback)(int pos, void* userdata);

CV_EXPORTS int createTrackbar( const string& trackbarname, const string& winname,

int* value, int count,

TrackbarCallback onChange CV_DEFAULT(0),

void* userdata CV_DEFAULT(0));

CV_EXPORTS_W int getTrackbarPos( const string& trackbarname, const string& winname );

CV_EXPORTS_W void setTrackbarPos( const string& trackbarname, const string& winname, int pos );

typedef void (*MouseCallback )(int event, int x, int y, int flags, void* param);

//! assigns callback for mouse events

CV_EXPORTS void setMouseCallback( const string& windowName, MouseCallback onMouse, void* param=0);

CV_EXPORTS_W Mat imread( const string& filename, int flags=1 );

CV_EXPORTS_W bool imwrite( const string& filename, const Mat& img,

const vector<int>& params=vector<int>());

CV_EXPORTS_W Mat imdecode( const Mat& buf, int flags );

CV_EXPORTS_W bool imencode( const string& ext, const Mat& img,

CV_OUT vector<uchar>& buf,

const vector<int>& params=vector<int>());

CV_EXPORTS_W int waitKey(int delay=0);

#ifndef CV_NO_VIDEO_CAPTURE_CPP_API

template<> void CV_EXPORTS Ptr<CvCapture>::delete_obj();

template<> void CV_EXPORTS Ptr<CvVideoWriter>::delete_obj();

class CV_EXPORTS_W VideoCapture

{

public:

CV_WRAP VideoCapture();

CV_WRAP VideoCapture(const string& filename);

CV_WRAP VideoCapture(int device);

virtual ~VideoCapture();

CV_WRAP virtual bool open(const string& filename);

CV_WRAP virtual bool open(int device);

CV_WRAP virtual bool isOpened() const;

CV_WRAP virtual void release();

CV_WRAP virtual bool grab();

CV_WRAP virtual bool retrieve(CV_OUT Mat& image, int channel=0);

virtual VideoCapture& operator >> (CV_OUT Mat& image);

CV_WRAP virtual bool read(CV_OUT Mat& image);

CV_WRAP virtual bool set(int propId, double value);

CV_WRAP virtual double get(int propId);

protected:

Ptr<CvCapture> cap;

};

class CV_EXPORTS_W VideoWriter

{

public:

CV_WRAP VideoWriter();

CV_WRAP VideoWriter(const string& filename, int fourcc, double fps,

Size frameSize, bool isColor=true);

virtual ~VideoWriter();

CV_WRAP virtual bool open(const string& filename, int fourcc, double fps,

Size frameSize, bool isColor=true);

CV_WRAP virtual bool isOpened() const;

virtual VideoWriter& operator << (const Mat& image);

CV_WRAP virtual void write(const Mat& image);

protected:

Ptr<CvVideoWriter> writer;

};