实现一个BLE HID鼠标

• 这个程序将 ESP32 或类似设备变成了一个简单的蓝牙鼠标，通过 4 个 GPIO 引脚来控制鼠标的上下左右移动。
• 连接到蓝牙后，按下相应的按键会发送 HID 鼠标移动事件。
• 包含了一个简单的测试函数，用于验证鼠标的移动和点击功能。

# MicroPython Human Interface Device library
# Copyright (C) 2021 H. Groefsema
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

import time
from machine import SoftSPI, Pin
from hid_services import Mouse

class Device:
    def __init__(self):
        # 定义初始坐标
        self.x = 0 # 用于存储鼠标的 X 轴和 Y 轴移动量。
        self.y = 0

        self.prev_x = 0
        self.prev_y = 0

        # 定义按键引脚（GPIO）
        # 对应于鼠标的上、下、右、左移动，分别连接到 GPIO 引脚 5、23、19 和 18
        self.pin_forward = Pin(5, Pin.IN)
        self.pin_reverse = Pin(23, Pin.IN)
        self.pin_right = Pin(19, Pin.IN)
        self.pin_left = Pin(18, Pin.IN)

        # 创建鼠标设备实例
        self.mouse = Mouse("Mouse")
        # 设置状态变化回调函数 mouse_state_callback
        self.mouse.set_state_change_callback(self.mouse_state_callback)
        # 启动鼠标设备
        self.mouse.start()

    # Function that catches device status events
    # 鼠标状态回调函数,用于处理鼠标设备状态变化。可能会根据设备状态执行不同的操作。
    def mouse_state_callback(self):
        if self.mouse.get_state() is Mouse.DEVICE_IDLE: # 设备处于空闲状态
            return
        elif self.mouse.get_state() is Mouse.DEVICE_ADVERTISING: # 设备正在广播蓝牙信号，等待连接
            return 
        elif self.mouse.get_state() is Mouse.DEVICE_CONNECTED: # 设备已连接
            return
        else:
            return

    def advertise(self): #启动蓝牙广播，使设备可以被发现和连接
        self.mouse.start_advertising()

    def stop_advertise(self): #停止蓝牙广播
        self.mouse.stop_advertising()

    # Main loop
    def start(self):
        while True:
            # 根据按键状态计算 x 和 y 的变化量
            #　右键按下 (pin_right.value() == 1) 时，x = 127，表示向右移动最大速度
            self.x = self.pin_right.value() * 127 - self.pin_left.value() * 127
            self.y = self.pin_forward.value() * 127 - self.pin_reverse.value() * 127

            # 如果检测到坐标发生变化且鼠标设备已连接，则发送 HID 报告，通知移动更新。
            # 检查是否发生变化
            if (self.x != self.prev_x) or (self.y != self.prev_y):
                # 更新上一次的坐标值
                self.prev_x = self.x
                self.prev_y = self.y

                # 如果鼠标已连接，更新坐标并通知
                # If idle start advertising for 30s or until connected
                if self.mouse.get_state() is Mouse.DEVICE_CONNECTED:
                    self.mouse.set_axes(self.x, self.y)
                    self.mouse.notify_hid_report()
                # 如果设备处于空闲状态，则开始广播
                elif self.mouse.get_state() is Mouse.DEVICE_IDLE:
                    self.mouse.start_advertising()
                    i = 10
                    while i > 0 and self.mouse.get_state() is Mouse.DEVICE_ADVERTISING:
                        time.sleep(3)
                        i -= 1
                    if self.mouse.get_state() is Mouse.DEVICE_ADVERTISING:
                        self.mouse.stop_advertising()

             # 如果鼠标已连接，休眠 20ms 后退出循环，进行测试
            if self.mouse.get_state() is Mouse.DEVICE_CONNECTED:
                time.sleep_ms(20)
                break
            else:
                time.sleep(2)
        self.test()
    # 停止设备
    def stop(self):
        self.mouse.stop()

    # Test routine
    def test(self):
        self.mouse.set_battery_level(50)
        self.mouse.notify_battery_level()

        for i in range(30):
            self.mouse.set_axes(100,100) # 向右上移动 (100, 100) 并按下左键
            self.mouse.set_buttons(1)
            self.mouse.notify_hid_report()
            time.sleep_ms(500)

            self.mouse.set_axes(100,-100) # 向右下移动 (100, -100) 释放按键
            self.mouse.set_buttons()
            self.mouse.notify_hid_report()
            time.sleep_ms(500)

            self.mouse.set_axes(-100,-100) # 向左下移动 (-100, -100) 并按下右键
            self.mouse.set_buttons(b2=1)
            self.mouse.notify_hid_report()
            time.sleep_ms(500)

            self.mouse.set_axes(-100,100) # 向左上移动 (-100, 100) 释放按键
            self.mouse.set_buttons()
            self.mouse.notify_hid_report()
            time.sleep_ms(500)

        self.mouse.set_axes(0,0) # 最后将鼠标位置重置为 (0, 0)，并模拟将电池电量更新为 100%
        self.mouse.set_buttons()
        self.mouse.notify_hid_report()

        self.mouse.set_battery_level(100) # 设置电池电量（模拟电池状态
        self.mouse.notify_battery_level()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # 创建 Device 实例并启动主循环，等待蓝牙连接和处理按键输入。
    d = Device()
    d.start()

你可以通过修改 pin_forward、pin_reverse、pin_right 和 pin_left 引脚编号，来匹配你的硬件设置，并根据需要调整鼠标移动的速度（例如更改 127 的值）。